Abantu Veps: izithombe, amasiko, amasiko, ukubukeka, imvunulo yesizwe, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke futhi ngo izifundo esikoleni sifunda umlando ezweni labo, sifundela izizwe Russia. Veps efanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibangelwa yini, kuthiwa ukhohliwe. Eqinisweni, thina ukhuluma ngani Russia zamazwe ngamazwe, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngaso izimpande zawo. Ukuze lo mbuzo: "Wazini wena ngezindaba Veps" - cishe wonke umuntu bephendula ngokuthi kungenxa isizwe cishe yokuqothulwa. Kuyihlazo ukuthi abantu awasenaso isithakazelo e izici of isiko, imisebenzi bendabuko futhi wamasiko nezinkolelo isizwe ubudala. Naphezu kwalokhu, abantu abaningi bazi ukuthi bangase Veps egeleza igazi, futhi kuthiwa abantu we Veps kuyingxenye umlando imikhaya eminingi, ngakho-ke noma kunjalo akumelwe sikhohlwe, ingabe wena uqobo ukubhubhisa wakho odlule. uma noma ubani ngangicabanga ukuthi kwase izizwe ERussia yasendulo esikukweleta ukuchuma sakithi, ngakho ukhohlwe Veps - kufana ukusika isiqeshana umlando waleli zwe.

Ngobani Vepsians?

Lesi yisizwe sincane, okuyinto ehlala ngaphakathi kumuntu-Republic of Karelia. Ngokuvamile abantu Vepsians ngokulingisa amaqembu athile eningizimu Karelian, ubiza yena igama elithi "lyadinikad". ukusetshenziswa ezimbalwa kuphela ethnonyms "bepsya" noma "Veps" ngoba baye abantu lezihlotsheni eside kwaziwa. Ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi Chud Veps, kodwa ekhaya wasebenzisa ajivazayo igama-alulazayo tinge: Chukharev noma Caivano.

Indaba le Karelian abantu

abantu Veps obizwa ngokomthetho ngokuthi Chud kuze 1917. Okuningi lasendulo igama vepsya kwekhulu lama-20 cishe ndawo ukuba iqoshwe. Ngo umsebenzi mlando Jordan, yangekhulu 6th ekhulwini BC, kungatholakala Ukhulumé okhokho Veps, njengoba kuthiwa e imithombo Arabhu, ku "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka" ngemisebenzi abalobi Western. By zemivubukulo lezizwe lasendulo zihlanganisa izindunduma eziningi yokungcwaba nemizana ngabanye avele 10 - ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-12 ensimini ka endaweni Lake Ladoga, Onega futhi Belozerja. Veps nengxenye ekwakhekeni Russian Komi. Ngekhulu le-18, abantu baye chasiselwe Karelian Olonets izikhali ezimbonini. Eminyakeni engu-30 esikoleni sabaqalayo sazama ukwethula izifundo ulimi Vepsian. Ngo-1980, ezinye izikole uqalisiwe ulimi yokufundisa, ngisho manje primer ekhethekile, kodwa abantu abaningi ukuxhumana bese ucabanga ngesiRashiya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona ukunyakaza injongo eyinhloko kwaba avuselele isiko Veps.

Ngokwesiko Vepsians wahlanganyela emazweni umhlabathi, kodwa imfuyo nokuzingela wabelwa indima yesibili. ukubaluleka kakhulu naphakathi-ukusetshenziswa wadlala ukudoba nokubuthanela. Ukuthuthukiswa zonyaka umsebenzi burlachestva emifuleni waqala engxenyeni kwekhulu le-18 yesibili. Ukubumba savela Oyat River. Ngesikhathi kubusa amaSoviet, esenyakatho Veps laqala ukwenza ukuthuthukiswa kwamabubulo zamatshe zokuhlobisa, uvele inyama yezilwane kanye yobisi. Cishe ihlala emadolobheni, 49,3% labantu, abaningi ukusebenza embonini yezingodo.

Roots abantu Vepsian iphindela endulo. Izenzakalo ezibalulekile kakhulu kithi zihlobene omunye ezindaweni elikhulu obalulekile esizweni - Ladoga, kamuva esidlule zomlando zithandelana Novgorod State.

Izindawo

Ngokusho kwemithombo wesimanje, abantu Karelian ikoloni eningizimu-ntshonalanga Prionezhye bebheke eningizimu-baya enyakatho besuka Gimreka emzaneni (enyakatho Veps). Tholile enkulu amaphuzu kubhekwe Rybreka, Sheltozero namakolishi elise-60 km kusuka Petrozavodsk - Shoksha.

uma uya ezindaweni eziningi zitholakala emfuleni Oyat, imingcele kuhambisane Vinnitsa esifundeni Leningrad esifundeni. Amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kukhona Lake Yaroslaviches, Ladva futhi Nadporozhe.

Emithambekeni enyakatho nasempumalanga sentaba Vepsskaya behlaliswe elinye lamalokishi ngobukhulu - Nokho, Shimozero, abantu abaningi iyiswe eningizimu: e Meghri, OshTU futhi Ascension.

Ukufika Meghri cluster eyenziwe yaba eyasendaweni emizaneni, ngokuthi Belozersk. Itholakala amakhilomitha 70 kusukela e-White Lake. Lesi sivumelwano ngobukhulu kubhekwa kufanele sifakwe.

I inflow kuyinto yakithi Chagodishi Sidorovo, ikhaya Efimovskaya Veps. Shugozerskaya iqembu etholakala eduze nemithombo imifula Pasha kanye Kapsch.

Ukudla nezitsha

Ukudla Vepsians ihlanganisa izitsha ezintsha kanye zendabuko. Isinkwa bona engavamile kunalokho, ngokuzithoba okuhambisana asidi. Muva, uya ukuqala ukuthenga ezitolo. Ngaphezu main baking Vepsians ukupheka inhlanzi amakhekhe (Kurniki) kalitady - amakhekhe okukhululekile unyaluthi incumbe noma amazambane okhamiwe wahlanganiswa, zonke izinhlobo amabhola, cheesecakes pancake. Kepha pohlebok, isobho kabanzi kunazo, ezihlukahlukene isobho indlebe. I isabelo nsuku zonke yakhiwa Veppsians wokudla, esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa okuyinto ibhali, i-rye (izimpushana). Umculi abantu Karelian kanye oatmeal. A ukusabalala amnandi cranberry juice futhi lwemithombo inhlama. Kanye kulo lonke elaseRussia, Veps uthanda kvass nebhali ubhiya. Ubhiya senzeka kabili ngonyaka, ngamaholide lusondela. Kodwa kule evamile Vepsians isimiso ukujabulela itiye eqinile.

Akukona zisale ngemuva impucuko futhi cishe bekhohlakele lonke labantu. Okwamanje, bakhululekile ukuba ukuthenga izimpahla e inethiwekhi zokuhweba, okuyinto wayeke ngiphupha (uswidi, namasoseji, ushukela, amabhisikidi), futhi ukuba khona eminye imikhiqizo Vepsians ngisho nokuwabona (pasta, ukudla okusemathinini futhi izithelo). Inani elikhulu imikhiqizo etholakala ezitolo, abantu abahlala ezigodini ihlathi. Kuze kube manje, Veps abantu ujwayelene izitsha ezintsha (isobho, goulash, amadombolo, isaladi).

Ezemidlalo Nokuphila

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ezolimo isisekelo umnotho, nakuba izinkomo matasa indawo enkulu. Phakathi nekhulu le-19 kwaqala ukuthuthukisa emikhulu ugodo ukuvunwa. umkhiqizo wezolimo ngamakhasimende ogxile bebheke e inyama yezilwane kanye nobisi.

Insimu eyayihlala Veps, kwakukhona ukukhiqizwa yezimboni, okwaholela outflow inombolo enkulu sabantu enamandla ezindaweni nge ubuchwepheshe eqinile ezimbonini kanye nokukhiqiza. Ukuze nemizana libhekene icebo lamahhala. Indawo ikhaya kunqunywa eziyinkimbinkimbi sezwe impumuzo futhi wabuka ugu.

yokuhlala bendabuko

Cottage ngokuvamile esakhiwe phezu podklepe okusezingeni eliphezulu, lapho emiphongolweni ngokuvumelana emasikweni abantu. Veps for izindonga zezindlu zabo besebenzisa izingodo larch zilwane. Isici esiyinhloko bendabuko Veps eqhugwaneni - kusakhiwo ezimise T-. Ngaphansi eyodwa ophahleni izinkudla yokuhlala ingxenye futhi igceke esinezitezi ezimbili. Kungcono-Veps (abantu, amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphila ukuthi elaziwayo elincane) Izindlu zakhiwa nge ububanzi, wayakha ngesinyathelo ukulungisa amafasitela kancane lushone ezijulile odongeni. Olungaphambili lwesonto isakhiwo ngokuqinisekile wabheka komgwaqo, nayo yonke maqhugwane angomakhelwane babe ncamashi kumugqa. Ngayinye ngokuzimela necebo umhlobiso emakhaya abo: ezinye balcony ezibaziweyo itholakala ngaphansi yokhalo ophahla.

Ingaphakathi ezimbili ngendlela iKhabhinethi lezitsha nge itiye izitsha kanye nezinye izinto zasendlini yizinqamu 2. Ngokuvumelana ukwahlukanisa okuthiwa kwaba isitofu Russian - maphakathi eqhugwaneni. Lesi sibaluli ebalulekile Karelian abantu isetshenziswe kuphela Ukushisa kodwa nesokuphumula futhi omiswe izingubo. Veps wayekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi indlu (pertizhand) uhlala ngaphansi kuhhavini.

eqhugwaneni ngalinye lalisekamelweni Saint engela, phezulu lapho ayebekelwe isithonjana futhi agcinwe inaliti esiphansi kanye wentambo ifindo ngosawoti. Ezinye izinto ezincane, kuhlanganise izinkuni nezitsha zobumba, zafakwa iKhabhinethi-posudnik. Ngokusho etafuleni ukuhlela Finnish senzeka ngesikhathi udonga olungaphambili lwesonto. eqhugwaneni Ehlanganisiwe Vepsians bendabuko ngesibani samafutha. A imfanelo esiyisibopho lendlu wawuyizingalo embhedeni wamapulangwe. Njengomthetho, engxenyeni lensikazi embhedeni ibekwe eduze kombhede waphangalala wayesebuthelwa esifubeni, kwezinye maqhugwane namafasitela efakwe uhlaka lokweluka indwangu.

izingubo

Traditional Veps izingubo Homespun ayihlelwa kusukela ekuqaleni 30s. Laqala ukuvama suit edolobheni kabanzi nangamaphesenti. Ezinsukwini ubudala Vepsians wayosebenza ibhulukwe futhi ijazi esifushane, ezigugile phezu elondolo. Izingubo abesifazane kwaba ezifanayo cut nowesilisa, nje ngaphansi phansi, njalo zigqoke ihembe (ryatstsin) kanye umphetho.

abantu Veps (isithombe okwethulwa kulesi impahla), abahlala Karelia, ngamaholide begqoke smartly. Abesifazane kungabonakala elikhanyayo jackets-kazachkah umphetho wengubo nge izibhinco. Njengoba umnqwazo wakhonza njengephayona iduku, futhi washada isigamu bubuhle lwesintu kumelwe ziye ezigugile futhi namanje ochipok. Shoes wanqoba lesikhumba, birch namagxolo Bast, noma virzut, wasebenzisa kuphela umsebenzi.

Imi kanye ezazisetshenziselwa ukwenza izingubo zokugqoka, basondelene kakhulu severnovelikorusskim, kodwa izici eziningi kuhle yasekuqaleni. Ngakho, ngo-sundresses kwakungatholakala kuphela kubonakala Veps abahlala eningizimu Karelia, kodwa abesifazane Prionezhye - endaweni iziketi longitudinally-emthende. Amadoda ayegqoka izigqoko ebusika noboya onogwaja futhi neckerchief (kaglan Pike).

Namuhla, izingubo zabantu akusho ukugqoka Veps abantu, imvunulo yesizwe walondolozwa kuphela asebekhulile. Kusukela bendabuko headscarves isasetshenziswa, polusukonnye amajazi, uboya bezimvu bungabathinti, iziketi kanye knitwear.

Veps (abantu): ukubukeka uhlanga

I lasendulo Karelian Folk - ingxenye emncintiswaneni European nge okuphothula Ural. Veps enesiqu esincane, nosayizi isilinganiso ikhanda, ubuso kancane yabo isicaba, esiphongweni ongaphakeme, umhlathi ongezansi cheekbones kancane enwetshiwe aphume ashone, ithiphu acinene liphakeme, njengoba isici ukwanda encane izinwele Ezansi ebusweni. Izinwele izakhamizi weRiphabhulikhi Karelia ukuqondisa, ikakhulukazi elikhanyayo.

izinkolelo

Hhayi elahlekile izici kazwelonke yabo Akumangalisi ezinhle kubantu Veps. Kafushane mayelana amasiko, uyofunda kancane kamuva, kodwa okwamanje ngingathanda ukukhuluma ngezinkolelo. Veps bakhuleka sonwele zokhuni, Rowan, Alder, bakholwa ukuthi ukhona endlini, amanzi, egcekeni nezinye Sebawoti. Emakhulwini eminyaka 11-12, phakathi Vepsians ukusakaza-Orthodox, kodwa izinkolelo zangaphambi kobuKristu eside waphikelela.

isiko

Kusukela uhlobo abantu babe izaga athandwayo, Folk songs, izindaba kweqiniso futhi ezinganekwaneni abanqobi ahlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kuya esikhundleni kantele weza ngokuvumelana ukhathazeke ezincane. Veps ukwenza ezitsheni ukhuni, Welukwa amagxolo, ukubunjwa ngebumba, ukufekethisa kanye ukwelukwa.

izimoto

Ezindaweni angomakhelwane abantu Vepsian wayethola ikakhulu ngemgwaco, kodwa isiphetho Lodeynoye Pole Leningrad, wabopha zokuxhumana emoyeni. Wik Veps Zaborje ukuya esiteshini ukusizakala simila ujantshi ugodo. Kwezinye izindawo, ukunyakaza kwenzeka kwi ugandaganda nge trailer. Slotting izikebhe e-aspen-sasikujabulela ukuhlala ekusakazeni encane Veps. Abantu (izithombe futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo enikeziwe kule material) futhi baqhubekela Shuttle (hon-goy), okuyinto banamathela ezinhlangothini log-yamabhola antantayo.

Amasiko Vepsians

Namasiko abantu (Vepsians iyathinteka) ungakwazi ubatshele eziningi imininingwane ewusizo. Udlale lomshado izakhamuzi Republic of Karelia ebusika, kodwa lokhu kwakwenziwa kuphela ukufanisa. Uma kwenzeka yokwenqaba intombazane ekhoneni ekhaya lakho baphonse 3 izingodo. Uma isikhathi sokuqomisana yaphela sivumelwano, abazali bakamakoti wavakashela umkhwenyana ezohlola indlu futhi ipulazi. Ngaphambi lomshado, kumelwe ukuba ukubusisa abazali.

Umngcwabo Veps lalinabashumayeli izinhlobo ezimbili: eyokuqala wanakekela ukulila woshonile, kanti eyesibili - "razveselenie" ushonile.