Zhukovsky, "Amathuna yasemaphandleni": ukuhlaziya inkondlo

Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma sihlaziye Elegy eyayibhalwe ngo 1802, Zhukovsky, "yasemaphandleni Amathuna". Lo msebenzi iphathelene Romanticism kanye inezici yakhe alandisa izici.

Okwesikhathi ekuseni Zhukovsky eziyizintandokazi sosuku - aphuma twilight kuze kube kusihlwa, usuku ebusuku, basuke ebumnyameni, baphendukele entathakusa. Esikhathini amahora nemizuzu umuntu enomuzwa wokuthi uyashintsha, it is akakaqedi, ukuthi ukuphila ngokugcwele imfihlakalo futhi iyingozi, futhi ukufa kungenzeka kuphela ukudlula umphefumulo ziya endaweni engaziwa, isimo ezahlukene.

Ukubona emathuneni

Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba siye emsebenzini ukuthi wadala Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - "yasemaphandleni Amathuna". amavesi Ukuhlaziywa uqale nge zaba isihloko esivelele isithombe, ebalulwe isihloko. indawo Izintandokazi lapho romantic unikela ukucabanga nzima phezu transience wokuphila, - emathuneni. Konke lapha ukhumbuza ngokuhlukana, mayelana esidlule, okuyinto ubusa abantu. Kodwa ikwenze ngaphandle kokuphula inhliziyo, ngomusa, ethi Zhukovsky ( "yasemaphandleni Amathuna"). inkondlo ukuhlaziywa kusivumela agcine lowo eziphothiwe imifino izikhumbuzo phezu kwamathuna, embozwe ukukhanya ohelezayo cool, bathi, hhayi kuphela zonke izinhlobo zokulahlekelwa, kodwa futhi ukuthi ukuhlupheka kwesintu kuyinto qiniseka zenzeke ngendlela ezenzeka maqembu nenjabulo. Ekugcineni-ke uyobe kuphela elichithwayo imvelo ezolile edabukisayo.

namaqhawe Elegy

Izintandokazi zothando imbongi iqhawe - ke, okungukuthi, Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky. "Amathuna yasemaphandleni" okubonisa imicabango nemizwa yombhali, ukucabanga kwakhe ifilosofi yamaGreki. Ubani nje omunye ngaphandle benawo ukuzwa ekhethekile "umculi" uyakwazi ukuqonda Injabulo kanye ubuhlungu ekuphileni, uzwe izwi nemvelo, bona ahlule isixuku madding, ukumboza ekuqhumeni olulodwa ngenxa yomphefumulo wakhe emhlabeni wonke, ukuze uxhumane yonke? "Emathuneni" umcabango wakhe ezahlukweni ungumlobi, kanye lo imbongi eyiNgisi-predromantik Thomas Gray, inkumbulo "umculi abampofu." Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwenza ngamabomu ebonakalayo kancane izincazelo zabo, ukhulise ngokomzwelo, Zhukovsky (Elegy "yasemaphandleni Amathuna") yabo.

Epithets e umkhiqizo

Kulesi umsebenzi cishe ngaso isiphawulo zebizo ngamunye samanje njengenhlangano epithet. Le ndlela akusho wafaka ngephutha ku zabo emsebenzini Zhukovsky. "Amathuna yasemaphandleni" usekhuluma focus kusukela kuzinto izici zezwe kwangaphakathi. Ngakho, yeka - evilaphayo, abalimi - eqhugwaneni ukhathele - ethule. Itjhejo umfundi Ngakho idluliselwe uphawu nepredmetny. Konke kukhona futhi elimpunga. Kodwa imbongi Russian akwanele: kuwukuthi umsebenzi wakhe unezela amagama amabili ngaphezulu ezibonisa isimo "okhanyayo" futhi "ecabanga". Igama elithi "okhanyayo" ezibonakala libhekisela irowu ezibukwayo. Kodwa uma ukukucabanga kuvela ukuthi inhloso, ngomqondo ongokoqobo, lokhu kusho ukuthi usuku kuba licace. Futhi umsebenzi esachazwa uhluke: ukuqala kusihlwa ukuhwalala. Ngakho-ke, igama elithi "okhanyayo" kusho okuthile Elegy okuhluke kakhulu: ubalekela, uyaphuma, buphela. Mhlawumbe, njengoba ukuphila kwethu uqobo.

Zvukopis

Lo mphumela luphakanyiswa evesini lesibili. Lapha, ebukwayo (siqala lahunyushelwa kwezinye indiza ngokomzwelo) kuthiwa limane lifakwe endaweni yesibili, ngemuva umsindo wakhe. Ubumnyama emhlabeni, echaza imbongi iba kuyo, hero lyrical ngaphezulu iholwa umsindo. Ngo esigaba yesibili main umthwalo kwezobuciko uwela ngokunembile zvukopis kunokuba tichasiso. Le nqubo akuyona ukusetshenziswa ngephutha emsebenzini wakhe Zhukovsky. Ivesi "yasemaphandleni Amathuna" ngenxa kuba bazwakale.

Kabili, Ukwethula sonority "n", "m", kanye elinamakhasi "u", "sh" futhi "s" sibilant, "ukuze" ukudala umfanekiso ubuthongo efile bemvelo. Umugqa wesithathu yobuningi lezi umsindo kubonakale kithi nje onomatopoeic. Nokho, "isebenza" futhi ukudala isimo esithile, hhayi elinokuthula onokuthula, okuyinto sici esigaba sokuqala nokukhathazeka.

Kusukela umugqa kumugqa umsebenzi, okuyinto yabhalelwa Zhukovsky ( "yasemaphandleni Amathuna"), ekubeni mnyama. Njengoba insimbi alamu ekupheleni ivesi elandulela umsindo igama edlala indima iphasiwedi wesitayela uhlobo of Elegy, "omubi". Kuyinto isiphawulo okusho "egxilile ngokuphelele usizi, ihlanganiswe ne lowo muzwa, engazi iyiphi enye kwemizwelo, ithemba baphelelwa." Cishe lahlotshaniswa nokuba umsindo ngengoma - a zomile, okungukuthi dreary, okuyisidina, kwalimala inhliziyo.

Izintandokazi predromantikami ezivamile landscape e esigaba sesithathu luyajula lokhu kwemizwelo. isikhova Wild, i egumbini lasendulo, inyanga, elichithelwa ngemvelo ukukhanya kwabo, pallid ... Uma eqhugwaneni ongumlimi e esigaba sokuqala iye okuthiwa igama elithi "sokwehlisa" futhi akukho bacasuka equanimity lokhu, wesithathu iphazamiseke "ukuthula" umthetho kuthule umbhoshongo.

Motif sokufa

Selichaza lo msebenzi, sihlaziye. "Yasemaphandleni Amathuna" Zhukovsky wadala njengoba kuveza injongo yokuphila, le transience zokuphila. Bhekani, sesilapha, ekugcineni, esondela maphakathi Elegy, ukungezwani ezibuhlungu. Singaphikelela iqala ukuzwakala motif ukufa. Umbhali umsebenzi, efuna ukuqinisa ebumnyameni kakade, isimo esindayo, izindlela ezengeziwe sifaka idrama. Okuthiwa "wakeless" ubuthongo efile. Ngakho-ke, akuvunyelwe ngisho nethemba ngovuko lwabafileyo, "Awakening" yabo esikhathini esizayo. Ivesi yesihlanu ngokuphelele eyakhelwe eziningi ezingezinhle, njengokuthi "akukho ... akukho ... lutho," futhi iphela ifomula eqinile othi lutho kuzokwenza ukuthola baphuma emathuneni uhlezi khona.

Akunakugwenywa ngokufa kwaso sonke

Ethuthukisa indaba, Vasily futhi bonke abantu esakaza isiphetho yako ebuhlungu ukuthi ukufa ngesinye ziyothinta wonke umuntu: abantu abavamile, kanye namakhosi, ngoba ngisho "nangobukhulu indlela" okuholela ethuneni.

kabuhlungu futhi ononya, njengoba kuboniswa ukuhlaziywa yayo. "Amathuna yasemaphandleni" (Zhukovsky) uchaza wesenzo. Ukufa ngomoya ophansi ucosha inhliziyo emnene owayazi kanjani ukuthanda, ezizoba "umqhele", kodwa eboshiwe ne "usizi" izifunda (ongumlimi ukungazi ubumpofu) futhi izinsalela nguye owazalelwa ukuba 'eshisiwe ukunqoba " ukulwa "isiphepho izinkathazo."

Lapha izwi imbongi, sisanda kwakuzwakala ebabayo, accusatory, cishe ngolaka, ngokungazelelwe esithambile. Njengoba uma ukufinyelela umkhawulo othile, esondela yithemba, umlobi wacabanga ngokushelela ubuyela iphuzu lokuphumula, futhi ukanye kuthathela umsebenzi wadala Zhukovsky ( "yasemaphandleni Amathuna"). Inkondlo Ngakho-ke, lusiyisa uhlobo isimo sokuqala, njengoba nje wonke ukuphila ubuyela evamile. Hhayi lutho izwi, zagcwala ukunkenketha e esigaba sokuqala ( "indlu sokuthula '), khona-ke, okwesibili, wasenqaba, waqala Ngolimi olusankondlo Vasily endaweni yalo efanele.

Yini okuphikisana ukufa?

umsebenzi impikiswano enkulu, okwadala Zhukovsky ( "yasemaphandleni Amathuna"). Inkondlo libhekene iqiniso ukuthi uphikise umbhali yena. Kungekudala, wabiza ubuthongo ubuthongo efile. Okungukuthi, ngakho ukukhuluma omnipotence sokufa. Ungalindele, nangu ekubheka iqala ukubambezela futhi kunzima ukuvumelanisa nge yokuthi akunakugwemeka. ngaleyo ndlela Umlobi wakha isitatimende ukuze lube ekabili - ke kokubili inkulumo ngakolunye imbongi irrevocably kwabafileyo yena, sokufa kwakhe osekuseduze.

Umuzwa wokungabi nathemba manje umsindo Nokho edabukisayo, kodwa asisona esingenathemba. Ukufa unamandla onke, uma ikubona Zhukovsky, kodwa hhayi wonke amandla, njengoba kukhona emhlabeni ubungane anikeza ukuphila, lapho kugcinwa umlilo waphakade "umphefumulo mnene", okuyiwona umlotha kulawo i isitsha uphefumula, ke lifana nokholo.