Zhan Rasin: Biography, lokusungula, izingcaphuno

Zhan Rasin, omisebenzi yakhe zaziwa emhlabeni wonke - wemidlalo odumile isiFulentshi, owayehlala futhi esebenzela ekhulwini le-17. Umsebenzi wakhe kwaphawula ukuqala the classic National Theatre futhi bafanelwe inhlonipho efanayo ukudalwa Molière futhi Corneille. Biography nemisebenzi omlobi uzobe anikezelwe athikili yethu.

Zhan Rasin: Biography emfushane

Jean Racine wazalwa ngo La Ferte-Milon, elise County of Valois, Disemba 21, 1639. Uyise wakhonza njengephayona sezikhudlwana isevisi intela. Unina washona ngo ezinzima lokuzalwa udade Jean, ngakho ukhulisa ugogo womfana wasebenza.

umbhali yesikhathi esizayo ethunyelwa esikoleni ePort-Ruyal Isigodlo, lapho ngokushesha ekubeni umfundi engcono. Zhan Rasin wafunda kahle, ngaphezu, yena waba nenhlanhla nathishela of kolimi, owasiza yakha okuthandwa kwezincwadi umfana. Umlobi igcwaliswe imfundo yakhe ekhaliphile kakade ngesikhathi Paris College of Harcourt.

Ngo-1661 Racine ithunyelwa edolobheni Uzes, lapho kwadingeka ayeke kobufundisi benefice (umhlaba), esizokwenza ukuba ngaso sonke isikhathi sakhe ukuze izincwadi. Kodwa, umlobi sinqatshiwe futhi baphoqeleka ukuba baphindele e-Paris.

Enhloko-dolobha, waba khona njalo nokucwala etemibhalo amakilabhu, wahlangana Moliere kanye nabanye abalobi isikhathi. Ngokwakhe Zhan Rasin (kabani biography manje kwagxilwa yethu) ishicilela kudlala yakhe yokuqala, Nokho, okuyinto, azange abe nempumelelo enkulu.

imisebenzi yamuva Okuningi ngiyikhiphile umbhali kuphumelele ngempela. Nokho, abagxeki abaningi baye uncome umsebenzi Racine, ngoba isimo sawo. Jean wayezifunela udumo, ukuhluthuka futhi zidla.

Ngo 1677, it acishe iyeke ukubhala ngenxa yokwehluleka "Phaedra" futhi iba mlando wasebukhosini. Ngalesi sikhathi, washada intombazane zenkolo nezomnotho ngubani esikhathini esizayo uyoyinika izingane eziyisikhombisa.

Zhan Rasin washona ngo-April 21, 1699 e-Paris. Wembelwa eduze ibandla Saint-Etienne-du-Mont.

"Andromache"

I inhlekelele kwango 1667 ngesikhathi Louvre. On umfanekiso samanje uLouis XIV. Kwakuwusuku play lokuqala, Racine kwaletha impumelelo nodumo.

izenzo Mkhiqizo okuyokwenzeka ngemva yaseTroy neMpi, enhloko-dolobha Epirus. Inkosi kaPhiru, indodana ka-Achilles, uthola incwadi yocingo amaGreki wakhubeka ngalesi ukuziphatha uyise, oye uvikelekile Andromache, umfelokazi Hector, indodana. Umbiko unika Orestes, uthandana umakoti Pierre. Senkosi sikhathazeka kakhulu lusizi ngomyeni wakhe Anromaha. Kusukela kulo mzuzwana iqala ukufa umndeni isinqumo futhi isimo.

Libhekisela indaba zakudala ngesiGreki, cishe ngaphandle kokuhamba lwezincwadi izigemegeme ezenzeka lwesiGreki sakuqala, Zhan Rasin.

Izilinganiso, okubonisa ngokucacile kakhulu esiqintini play, sethula lapha: "Ngena ngemvume inhliziyo, lapho bonke ayikhiyiwe-e / enviably akakwazi ukwamukela isabelo esinjalo", "... uthando lisiyala / Futhi Kindle ... futhi extinguishes amalangabi uthando. / Ngubani ofuna ufisa ukuthi ... akulona nice. / Futhi labo afunge ... inhliziyo igcwele. "

"Britannic"

Kulesi play, misa 1669, Zhan Rasin okokuqala emsebenzini wakhe libhekisela umlando laseRoma lasendulo.

Agrippina, umama ka uNero, ukhathazekile ukuthi ukulahlekelwa amandla phezu indodana yakhe. Manje ayisekho ulalela iseluleko uSeneca futhi Burr nomyali. Owesifazane owesaba ukuthi uNero uvuse wenkani nonya - ifa esibi sikayise.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-oda uNero zokuthumba Junia, umakoti womfowabo Britannicus. Intombazane efana lo mbusi, futhi uqala ukucabanga ngesehlukaniso nge nomkakhe oyinyumba Octavia. Britannica cha kholwa umzalwane zobuqili amathemba ukubuyisana. Lokhu obulala umfana.

"Berenice"

Kulesi play futhi nefinyelela Roman isihloko Zhan Rasin. Ukudalwa le nkathi kubhekwa evelele kunazo zonke, kanye nesibhicongo "Berenice" wayengomunye walabo imisebenzi lapho umphakathi wathola ngesasasa elikhulu.

UMbusi waseRoma Thithu is nilungiselela umshado nge Berenice, Queen of Palestine. Ngesikhathi esifanayo eRoma iyinkosi Kommageny Antioh, kudala uthandana indlovukazi. Uma kucatshangelwa ozoshada, wayezovuma ukuba bayishiye inhloko-dolobha. Berenice Kuyinto edabukisayo ukulahlekelwa umngane weqiniso, kodwa amnike ithemba labo bonke abantu okwengeziwe, yena bengayi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo Thithu ecabanga ukuthi abantu baseRoma ngokuqinisekile kuyoba ngokumelene indlovukazi alien, "Sam uJulius (Caesar) ... umkakhe ngokuthi umGibhithe bahluleka ...." UMbusi ayikwazi obala elikushoyo ngalokhu umakoti ebuzwa Antiochus ukumthatha kude. Nezikweletu mkhulu uthando kubantu.

"Iphigenia"

Ngenxa yalesi play, okuyinto premiered ngo 1674, Zhan Rasin wathatha indaba kusuka zamaGreki. Indaba ulandisa indlela inkosi Agamemnon ngesikhathi iThrojani neMpi ukunqoba ukusekelwa likankulunkulukazi u-Arthemisi, yena Kwadingeka ngiyomlanda indodakazi yakhe umhlatshelo siqu.

Le piece kwaba sengathi hhayi esabonwa baxgeki - kwakungekho intshiseko noma Izibuyekezo zelizwe.

"Phaedra"

Le nhlekelele yatholwa omubi kakhulu ngumphakathi: a baxgeki ngokuthi umkhiqizo embi kakhulu ngokubhala Racine. Kwakungemva kudlalwé "Phaedra" (1677), wemidlalo iyeke ukuzibandakanya izincwadi. Eminyakeni eyishumi ngemva kwalokho ukwehluleka, akazange ngibhale lutho. Nakuba kamuva kwaba play ngokuthi phezulu Racine zokudala.

Le nhlekelele yabhalwa Alexandria. Ngesisekelo ngesakhiwo kwaba ugqozi unrequited ka Phaedra, umka-Theseus, ukuze indodana yakhe yokutholwa uHippolytus. Umphumela we izingxabano iba ekufeni okunjengokwakhe Phaedra futhi uHippolytus.

Plays of Racine, eyakhelwe izindikimba classical, aphawula ukuqala lonke mkhuba, hhayi kuphela e-France kodwa futhi izincwadi emhlabeni. Kuze kube namuhla umsebenzi wemidlalo lwaziswa hhayi kuphela baxgeki, kodwa futhi umphakathi.