Yini ikhadi elibomvu ebholeni? Ikhadi elibomvu ebholeni izibalo neziqondiso

football yanamuhla akunakwenzeka ukuba sicabange ngaphandle amakhadi aphuzi futhi abomvu, njengoba lena umdlalo esibuhlungu kakhulu futhi aqinile. Njengamanje, alikho abangochwepheshe ngabe wathola phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba okungenani oyedwa ukumiswa. Izizathu ukususwa kungaba umdlali hhayi kuphela luhlaza, kodwa futhi eziningi nezinye izimo ebalulwe kumithethonkombiso we-UEFA FIFA.

Indaba le ikhadi elibomvu

Izimpawu zokuqala eziphathekayo bemvelo kwezigwegwe zakhiwa futhi anikezwa unompempe British Ken Aston. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ngokusuka kuyo wasala engasenabo ukunakwa, kodwa emva Cup 1966 World isimo sashintsha. Phakathi quarter-FIFA World Cup phakathi England nase-Argentina, i-Latin America ithimba induna Antonio Rattin kabi esingezansi wadlala ngokumelene ophikisana naye.

umdlalo Bahlulelwe Uchwepheshe German Rudolf Kraytlyan abakhuluma kuphela ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko kungenzeka. Umdlalo samiswa imizuzu eminingana ngoba ijaji akakwazanga ukuchaza Argentina, kumelwe uzophuma enkundleni. Ngenxa yalokho, le mpi kwadingeka ukuba kungenelele Ken Aston. Lesi siqephu ezihlekisayo e ngezinsuku ezimbalwa oye wathathwa ngendiza wayiswa wonke amagumbi Earth, ngakho-England Football Federation, kanye ngesikhathi izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe, kwakungasekho okunye kodwa ukwethula indlela jikelele isijeziso kwezigwegwe. Ikhadi isiphenduke sibonelo of irobhothi, lapho ophuzi izindlela isixwayiso, futhi abomvu - ekupheleni ukunyakaza. Kungakabiphi, imithetho FIFA imincintiswano babe imithetho ethize nokuchazwa iziqephu anolaka, okuyiwona abadlali ezisengozini ukususwa. Amakhadi khona ngokomthetho isetshenziswa seNdebe yoMhlaba ngo-1970. Eyokuqala, 'owayenomoya zenhlanhla "ukuthola isixwayiso, kwaba lo mdlali Soviet Kakha Asatiani.

Namuhla, emdlalweni efana ibhola, amakhadi abomvu ziyingxenye ebalulekile ye Gameplay. Ngokwezibalo, ukususwa kwenzeka kuzo zonke yesihlanu umdlalo esemthethweni.

Red amabili aphuzi

Ngokusho FIFA iziqondiso, abeke kwezigwegwe unswinyo abadlali phakathi nomdlalo can kuphela yamajaji. Amakhadi yanoma yimuphi umbala ukumupha kokubili abadlali besebenza uhlelo kokuqala, bese bebeka futhi esikhundleni. Yellow kusho isixwayiso kuqala ukuhlukunyezwa esobala imithetho futhi sihlinzekela ukwephulwa lokhu okulandelayo:

- ukuziphatha unsportsmanlike (kuhlanganise maholoholo);
- ukubambezeleka isikhathi umdlalo;
- Imiphumela iphimbo ngaphandle kwesiqondiso esifanele ukugunyazwa umlamuli;
- izingxabano ngentonga zokwahlulela;
- ukwephulwa izinhlelo imithetho;
- Ukuhamba yokuzithandela egumbini podtribunnogo noma ebhentshini ngaphandle kwemvume unompempe;
- ukwehluleka ibanga oyifunayo kusukela ibhola ekhoneni, khulula noma isigwebo ukukhahlela, kanye lapho isikole. Amabili ophuzi iguqulwe ngokuzenzakalela ku-ukususwa (obomvu ikhadi). Ebholeni, imithetho asigcini kwenkathi Ineligibility. Ijaji kususa kuphela umdlali oyedwa umdlalo. Isinqumo sokugcina kulesi senzo unika esigungu se-Football Federation, uba ngaphansi kokuphatha kukabani esemthethweni umdlalo owawuse.

obomvu okuqondile

Ukwephulwa kuyinto yisigwebo ukususwa ezihlobene abadlali, abaqeqeshi bonke abasebenzi, okuyinto letiniketiwe iqembu omdlalo wamanje kanye ngaphakathi enkundleni yemidlalo (kuhlanganise esikhundleni ebhentshini). Ezimweni ezingavamile, abakwaziyo kuthiwa kutfula unswinyo elifanele kwasekhasini abanikazi club.

Ikhadi ngqo ebomvu ibhola inganikelwa yolaka ngokweqile nokudelela yokulwa Umphikisi noma umahluleli, ukwephulwa imithetho inhlamba futhi ukuthinta ezifanele. A ahlukene lento isijeziso izigwegwe amathe. Akunandaba ukuthi senziwa bani ke, noma kunjalo, kuba yisigwebo ikhadi elibomvu futhi ukumiswa eside.

Futhi umdlali kungaba zisuswe ngoba nokuswela sangamabomu isitha sika ukushaya amagoli ithuba. Uma ukuhlukumeza lwenziwe phakathi isigwebo endaweni yakhe siqu, khona-ke ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho sona imitha-11 isiteleka. Umthetho osebenza ku abadlali ensimini futhi unozinti. Ikhadi elibomvu kuhilela ukususwa insimu webhola futhi bonke endaweni oluzungezile (endaweni lobuchwepheshe). Kokuba ngokuhoxiswa, umdlali kufanele uye podtribunnogo egumbini ngaphambi komdlalo.

Imiphumela amakhadi abomvu

Umlamuli liyoba nelungelo ukususa umdlali ngoba imbangi push kusukela esethulweni amaqembu enkundleni ngesikhathi gaphambi ngaphambi komdlalo isiqedile. Ukuze izigameko ezifana (ukwephulwa) Beka ikhadi elibomvu nokumiswa kuze 3 okufanayo. unswinyo efanayo onikezwe umdlali ngubani owayesihlupha kokulimala emzimbeni izikhulu.

Futhi ikhadi elibomvu ebholeni noma iya phambili onikelwa ukushaya Umphikisi nanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Ukungafaneleki lesi sifo ziyahlukahluka kuze 4 imidlalo. Ngezinye 5 football ukufana ikhishiwe ngenxa yokulwa. Nokho, kulesi simo, ijaji olusemthethweni izingqapheli kufanele sinake iqhaza abadlali ezithile nezibhelu. Uma umdlali ivikelwe noma uthulisa nozakwethu, uyobe bahlale bangajeziswa. Uma umdlali ethola kubaphikisi amagalelo noma ezinye ukulimala ngokomzimba, kungase angafaneleki abafika kwabangu-10 okufanayo. Instigator isuselwa inkathi 5 imidlalo.

sekulingisa

Ukuze uthole inzuzo enjalo, njengoba iningi zezinombolo, abadlali ngokuvamile ancame ukukhohlisa. Ngo imidlalo ye-computer (isibonelo, i-FIFA 14) amakhadi abomvu akuzona ongaphandle kwendawo isigwebo, kodwa empeleni isimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangakanani. abadlali abaningi, angena isigwebo endaweni yomunye umuntu, ukungatholi ukukhahlela at nenjongo bawe ngesikhathi touch kancane nge Umphikisi. Balamule kusuka isiqephu akuyona into ebonakalayo kwesinye kule mininingwane, ngakho nengxenye ngesikhathi ngephutha ebekiwe yenhlawulo, ukuthumela umuntu ongenacala ukuba kwekilasi ekuseni.

Ukuze ukukhwabanisa okunjalo okuqondile unompempe ebomvu ikhadi enganikanga, kodwa malingerers-abadlali ukuze ilulame a "ikhadi eliphuzi" yesibili.

Ukususwa esheshayo

Ngo-1990, umdlali webhola, "Bologna" Italian Dzhuzeppe Lorentso isivele 10th yesibili ephethwe ukuze uthole ikhadi elibomvu ngoba ukushaya Umphikisi.

Ukususwa okusheshayo kakhulu senzeke World Championships ngo-1986 Lo mdlali wase-Uruguay Jose Batista ngesitsha anolaka ngenela Scottish Umgadli Strachan phezu ngomzuzu 1st umdlalo.
Ikhadi elibomvu esheshayo ebholeni, etholwe emva esikhundleni, iye yanikezwa winger Jamaican Walter Boyd ngo-2001. Abantu abahlala kulezi ziqhingi azinalo isikhathi ukuphuma enkundleni uma ishaya Umphikisi ebusweni.

I okungenangqondo kakhulu ukususwa

Ngaphandle bonke abalandeli of football kuwufanele ikhadi elibomvu etholwe umholi ithimba French eWorld Championship 2006. Esikhathini sokugcina Zinadin Zidane ayikwazanga ngiyigodlele washayeka ekhanda lakhe phezu kwesifuba wasemuva wase-Italy Marko Materatstsi. Kuwo wonke ukufana, waseFrance yabekwa sicasulwa ngamazwi ngu abaphikisi, kodwa ngemva kokuba wathinta eyiswa umndeni wakhe, Zidane wanika bayakwazi ukuveza imizwa. Referee ngokushesha wabonisa lo mdlali ikhadi elibomvu, kokushiya iqembu ngaphandle noma esilingana nesakhe. I France yokugcina ihluleke amaNtaliyane kumaphenalti, okuyinto siswele Zidane. Indaba kwakuhlanganisa elinye ikhadi elibomvu ebholeni nozakwabo ke ingakamiswa ezitholakele. Ngo-1998, ngenkathi idlala league amateur eNgilandi phakathi "Southampton Arms" futhi "Tarrant" phambili Richard Kerd hhayi ukuba sidlule unompempe abakhulu Melvin Sylvester ke baphokophelele kuye ngemuva, bese embiza ke ngokweyisa sihleka ngokwesasa ubuso bakhe. Ngasekupheleni ekupheleni komdlalo unompempe sakucasula yakhe wagalela provocateur punches eziningana, ongqongqozayo lowo okonile emhlabathini. Ngemva kwalokhu Sylvester ithole ikhadi elibomvu bayikhombisa makazivumele yena ngemva kokushiya ensimini.

Izibalo okususiwe

I esobala kakhulu 2014/15 isizini European Championship phezulu okwamanje Italian "Serie A". 27 amakhadi abomvu ukubonisiwe ezinyangeni zokuqala 3. Ngaphezu kwakho konke (ezimbili) wathola Daniele Bonera ( "Milan") futhi Simone Padoin ( "Juventus").

Izibalo omuhle kakhulu amakhadi abomvu ebholeni isizini samanje Russian Premier League. Ukuze imizuliswano 14 kwaba offset 8 kuphela. Ngenkathi 2013/14 le footballer isingenye yezindawo ezisolwandle eziyingozi ubuqhawe Russian baba opornik ka "esitimela" Lassana Diarra (3 amakhadi abomvu).