Yini amathambo yakha thorax? Amathambo esifubeni komuntu

Isimiso somuntu sokujikeleza zemisipha siqukethe inhlanganisela amathambo amaningi kanye nemisipha ukuthi ukuxhuma kubo. I ebaluleke kakhulu - iyona Yekhanda, thorax, emgogodleni.

Amathambo esifubeni amangqamuzana omuntu akhiwa kukho konke ukuphila. Ngo inqubo yokukhula kanye nentuthuko kanti lokhu is kuguquka lwamathambo. Kukhona ushintsho hhayi kuphela ubukhulu kodwa futhi ukuma.

Ukuze uthole ukuthi lapho amathambo yakha thorax, ayadingeka ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana zonke izingxenye uhlelo. Okokuqala, cabanga ngelithi uhlelo zemisipha iyonke.

Uhlaka lwamathambo omuntu lwakhiwa lamathambo ezingamakhulu amabili, isisindo ingqikithi ulinganiswa amakhilogremu: amadoda 10 kanye nabesifazane abangu-7. Ukuma ngokuningiliziwe ngalinye imvelo esingokwemvelo ukuze bakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wabo, okuyinto kakhulu. Yegazi igcwale amathambo, ukuletha kubo izakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo. eziyimpumelelo Nerve lula impendulo esifike izidingo emzimbeni.

Sakhiwo lwamathambo omuntu

Lesi sakhiwo esikhulu kungabonwa isikhathi eside futhi ngokuningiliziwe lokho okwenzeka. Ake ukugxila ezintweni eziyisisekelo. Kwenze kube lula ukufunda isakhiwo sale lwamathambo omuntu is evamile ihlukaniswe yaba 4 tigaba:

- ugebhezi;

- skeleton isiqu;

- ikholomu vertebral;

- izingxenye engenhla nengezansi emzimbeni.

A emgogodleni isisekelo ohlelweni lonke. Kumiswa emgogodleni is by Mnyango ungeminye yeminyango emihlanu:

- intamo;

- sternum;

- loin;

- esifundeni sacral;

- tailbone.

Umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo izisekelo esifubeni

Amathambo kwesifuba, kepha efaniswe ukuma mbhoshongo, aqukethe ngokwazo futhi axwayisa zangaphandle amathonya mechanical izitho ezibalulekile: inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, amaphaphu tracheal legatsha bronchial, emphinjeni kanye amaningi zamanzi.

Lokhu skeleton ahlukaniswe siqukethe nambili amathambo, sternum kanye nezimbambo. Eyokuqala kukhona izingxenye ephambili we izisekelo skeleton. Ukuze kwenezele thorax bony nge amathambo kwaba okuthembekile, ebusweni ngamunye kokuba fossa ubambo articular. Le ndlela lokunamathelisa ivumela ukuze sifinyelele namandla eliphezulu.

Yini amathambo yakha thorax

Isisu - kuyinto gama lalivamile amathambo, elise phambi izimbambo. Kuthathwa isakhi, zikhona izingxenye ezintathu:

• aziphathi;
• umzimba;
• xiphoid.

Ukulungiselelwa yokwakheka indoda sternum ithambo izinguquko sikhathi, sihlobene ngokuqondile namaphuzu ukuguqulwa isikhundla umzimba kanye maphakathi gravity. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka skeleton futhi kwandisa wamaphaphu umthamo. Uguquko izimbambo ngeminyaka kungandisa amplitude ukunyakazisa sternum kanye nokuqalisa ukuphefumula khulula. umnyango wezokuthuthukiswa Proper ibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza evamile wonke umzimba.

Thorax, okuyinto kungabonwa ephepheni isithombe has simise oyindilinga kanye uhlala ngakho kuze kube emithathu kuya kwemine. Eziyisithupha ke iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuthuthukiswa izingxenye engenhla nengezansi sternum, ubambo ukuthambekela engela luyanda. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-nambili noma nantathu ke yakheke ngokuphelele.

On amathambo esifuba womuntu kuthinta umzimba kokwehla. Physical ukuqeqeshwa amakilasi kuyoyisiza babe ebanzi xaxa futhi voluminous, futhi lihlala okungalungile (iphathelene ukuma zesikole ngemuva itafula edeskini noma ikhompyutha) kuzokwenza yomgogodla nayo yonke iminyango skeleton ngeke yakheke ngokufanele.

Lokhu kungaholela ukugobeka komhlandla, ngithukulule, futhi kwezinye izimo ezinzima, nezinkinga zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uchitha nge izinkulumo ingane zemfundo ngokubaluleka indlela omi ngayo.

Isakhiwo izimbambo

Lapho uJesu ebuzwa ngesibonakaliso okuyinto amathambo yakha thorax, into yokuqala Bawakhumbula. Izimbambo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yalesi ingxenye skeleton. Kwezokwelapha, wonke amapheya nambili zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu:

• izimbambo kweqiniso - lawa owokuqala amabhangqa ayisikhombisa Banamathele sternum hryaschik lwamathambo;
• izimbambo zamanga - olandelayo amabhangqa amathathu enamathiselwe hhayi sternum, futhi uqwanga intercostal;
• ubambo elintantayo - lokugcina amabhangqa amabili azihlangene ithambo emaphakathi.

Banezinhliziyo esiyisicaba ukuma Pore isakhiwo. Ubambo has a uqwanga bone izicucu. Lesi sakamuva kuchazwa yiminyango ezintathu: umzimba ubambo, ikhanda kanye ebusweni articular. Zonke imiphetho isimo blade Helical. Kukhula ugobile, ukuhamba esifubeni, konke kuncike yobudala kanye ocansini yomuntu.

Phakathi kwengane esiswini anomaly womuntu siyenzeka ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, okuholela i ubambo ezengeziwe entanyeni noma lumbar ndawo. Futhi, inani imiphetho e lezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo kunendoda, lokhu kungenxa yindawo evundlile zemizimba yabo.

Manje, uma senza esiphethweni amathambo yakha kanjani esifubeni, ungakwazi ukukhuluma ngalokho zenziwa iyiphi Indwangu. Kusukela komunye nomunye base azigcini nje ngokuhluka izici kodwa futhi izakhiwo.

ithambo izicubu

yena It lolwakha Yekhanda, imilenze esifubeni. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi bone kubangela ukuma emzimbeni. It ihlukaniswe yaba:

• indawo-fibered - ejwayelekile kusaqalwa ukuthuthukiswa;
• Indwangu plastic - ehilelekile ukudalwa lwamathambo.
• uqwanga - hondratsitami kwakhiwa futhi izinto yeselula ne-high density, enza umsebenzi ukusekela futhi bayingxenye ezahlukene skeleton ingxenyenamba.

amaseli zako ziyizindlela ezimbili zama: osteoblasts futhi osteocytes. Uma ubheka indlela yokwakheka izicubu, kungabonwa ukuthi ama-33% liqukethe carbohydrate, amafutha namaprotheni. Okusele zaba ngu izinto wezinto ezifana ne-calcium, magnesium fluoride, futhi i-calcium carbonate, nabanye. Ngokuthakazelisayo, umzimba wethu kukhona citric acid, 90% kuqukethwe nezicubu namathambo.

ezicutshini

Bone esifubeni abethela ndawonye imisipha yohlaka nge uqwanga futhi imisipha. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene ezicutshini. Kuyinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, igazi ubuye ezicutshini.

Kuyinto ahlukahlukene ukuze kubonakala sengathi yonke into emzimbeni kwenza kube kuphela. Noma yimuphi amaseli yalolu hlobo zenza imisebenzi, kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni izicubu akha:

• isizinda kwezitho zomzimba;
• amaseli elihlale nezicubu;
• athwala umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide wonke umzimba;
• ukuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo izindwangu, ukuxwayisa iziphathimandla ukulimala okungaphakathi.

Njengoba-ke sihlukene phakathi ngokusho imisebenzi ukuze:

• unformed fibrous okuxekethile;
• obukhulu fibrous unformed;
• obukhulu fibrous ahlotshiswa.

Compound bony thorax eyenziwa kuwebhu fibrous kusukela iqembu lokuqala. It has a ukuthungwa okuxekethile obuhambisana imithambo yegazi, kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa. Yena amvalele izitho zangaphakathi komunye nomunye esifubeni esiswini.

Emgogodleni - isisekelo skeleton

Kwenza ukuba kuhlale yomgogodla kanye emuva kuwumgogodla izitho ezithambile nezicubu. Emgogodleni nasesifubeni zihlobene umsebenzi obalulekile: kuyasiza ukugcina umgodi kule sikhundla oyifunayo.

Kumiswa It is of amathathu nambili - amathambo amathathu nane, ezithinta imigodi ukudlula emgogodleni. Lokhu kuvumela nesisekelo esihle ukuvikela isimiso sethu sezinzwa.

I akwazi ukugcina intervertebral yakhiwa fibrocartilage, ekhuthaza ukuhamba sokukhubazeka komgogodla. Nemfuneko ebalulekile ubhekwa ithuba kuye ukugoba. Lokhu kwenza kube ukwazi "bounce", lapho, uthuthumele, jolts ngesikhathi egijima nokuhamba damped, ukuvikela umnkantsha kusukela uthuthumele.

imisebenzi ebalulekile

Njengoba uhlelo zemisipha kuyinto esikhathini esiningi enkothweni ke ngenxa yendima yayo ekuqhubeleni umzimba, kungaba okufanayo ishiwo isisekelo umzimba futhi mayelana esifubeni wedwa. Ngakho, umsebenzi:

• yokusekela;
• iqhaza amaminerali namafutha umzimba;
• Ukuvikelwa;
• lokukhanda.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini emzimbeni wethu futhi lokho icubungula zenzeke kuwo, indima eyadlalwa omunye izingxenye skeleton, indlela futhi ukuqinise ke. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela ezinye izifo futhi siphile ukuphila okwanelisayo, ukudlala imidlalo, nezinto ozithandayo.