Vendome Ikholomu Paris. Ama ifotho, incazelo

Ikholomu Vendome enhloko-dolobha isiFulentshi, Paris, lavulwa ngo-Agasti 1810. Yakhelwe njengoba Austerlitz. Kamuva wabiza Yezizwe 'Yokunqoba kwekholomu ". Indaba uya: ekuqaleni Italian yayo Victoria Napoleon Mina Bonaparte okuhlose abhebhezela ngendlela engavamile. Yena wavuleka ezakhiweni ezokuthutha waseRoma, efanekisela yokunqoba uTrajan phezu namaDacia. waba isiphetho ezikhangayo yezwe lapho ukuvukela bekulokhu kanjani kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa umkhuba?

Kusayithi lwesigodlo uMbusi Vendome

Uma sihlola izindleko kokuthutha umbusi, ngokusobala wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi powder awubalulekile futhi badutshulwa - waya enye indlela. 1 Januwari 1806 wabona ukukhanya kwalesi simemezelo ku ukwakhiwa ekuqaleni we ipuleti entsha esiyisikhumbuzo (abaklami JB onochoko J. Gonduen) ukuphakama 44 metres uphinde uthele kancane ububanzi 3.67 metres ngasesinqeni.

Ikholomu Vendome ine umlando ezithakazelisayo. Wagqoka isikwele-based, lapho ake wama esigodlweni UMbusi Vendôme (Sezar De Vendome - Indodana engumlanjwana kukaHenry IV Elikhulu). Omunye izikhala ezinhlanu e-Paris, anikezelwe uLouis XIV, ngaphambili 'ihlotshiwe esifanekisweni yeNkosi Yelanga ku nehhashi eligabavulayo, elabhujiswa ngesikhathi sokushisa kwemini izimpi wamavukelambuso kwekhulu XVIII.

Woza nezinye izikhathi, waletha amanye izinhlamvu. Khumbula, unxande, octagonal futhi ke Ensemble yezakhiwo izikhathi Classical ukushintsha igama: ekunqotshweni ndawo, Louis the Peak Omkhulu (okuyinto ukuboniswa Trophies yakhe Robespierre), i-International. Manje lokhu Vendome Indawo.

nokuqedwa kuphela!

Phakathi isimemezelo esishisayo ubunye uhulumeni abasebenzi ngamazwe wamavukelambuso 'wanquma abuqede ukukhazinyuliswa zikamashiqela futhi ubhongoza we kaNapoleon Izimpi. Ikholomu Vendome (ngenhla) ophila amahora zaso zokugcina. It ngikweluleke wabhubhisa Meyi 16 (nje ngaphambili, ngo-May 5, kwasho iminyaka engu-50 ngemva kokufa Napoleon). Abantu kwacaca: Paris isigodi wayengahlosile ubuyele somphakathi omdala.

Ukuze yigxathu ku ukubhidlizwa kungadingeka ube nesibindi athile ezombusazwe: ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu izwe elalihlala ibutho elinenzondo wahlala cult enamandla Bonapartism (ikakhulukazi phakathi abalimi), onxiwankulu wazizwa empini Napoleon isihluthulelo amandla e-France.

Umbhali isimemezelo kanzima baba uKhomishana Culture umdwebi Gustav Kurbe. It ekuqaleni ezihlongozwayo ukuhambisa esifanekisweni endaweni eyihlane, kodwa akusekelwe. Abezindaba engamukeleki futhi yayisetshenziswa kabanzi imbozwe isenzo lokushintsha umphakathi. Sonke sasibuyela yokuthi uphawu "isilo esinonya amandla nenkazimulo zamanga" luphela. Wafika.

Ingabe kufanele ngingene bephethe yonke into kuze hlabathi?

Ngokushesha umbuso wamavukelambuso wawa. Courbet wasolwa kushe shrine kazwelonke, owawungumnyaka Vendome Ikholomu. Commissioner waphunyuka ebulawa, kodwa inkantolo yathi sibalo kwamasiko kutakhela izindleko (ekukhokheleni phansi). Gustav babalekela eSwitzerland. impahla yakhe waboshwa futhi ithengiswe. Ngo-1875, lesikhumbuzo futhi zashesha esibhakabhakeni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi duty ikhokhwe umdwebi ezaziwayo. Washona ngo ubumpofu.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izimo nolokubhujiswa izikhumbuzo, sibonakalisa Izenzakalo zesikhathi esidlule, abantu abaningi njengabangane ezimbi. Bakholelwa ukuthi mlando ukuthuthukiswa lamazwe kanye amazwekazi akufanele ubhujiswe. Le ndlela ivumela izizukulwane ezahlukene Earthlings wenze kahle isithombe emhlabeni. Mhlawumbe baqinisile.

Yebo, Ikholomu Vendome inomlando okukhulu. Kunengqondo wuhlole kabanzi. Ngakho, insika (zethusi wesibhamu) uxoshiwe we 1,200 kwaqhuma Austria futhi Russian ezabanjwa phakathi kwempi ye Austerlitz (yaziwa njenge "Battle of the Three-Emperors" - French uNapoleon, Franz II wase-Austria, Russian u-Alexander I).

Phonsa off the sibalo! Amandla ushintshe!

emgqonyeni Wanqoba efakwe isinyathelo we lesikhumbuzo osale iNkosi Yelanga. Ngesisekelo imibono ezabekwa ikholomu ongumRoma uTrajan. Isibhakabhaka saba 76 Kuvunguza bas-imifanekiso. Kancane athé kobuso indiza isithombe uboniswa Austerlitz ukunqoba.

izitebhisi Inner esephetha engosini lapho Napoleon egqoka esifanekisweni. Bonaparte wayechazwa endaweni Toga kombusi waseRoma. Ikhanda lakhe laselilethwa ehlotshiswe umqhele umfire (nombhali Okugweda - Antuan Shode). Ngemva kweminyaka emine (1814) kwakukhona bamba le umbimbi Paris.

Bourbons Ibuyiselwe wathumela isithombe esithandweni ukuncibilika, kokuthi usethe uphawu ukunqoba - uphakamise ifulegi elimhlophe ne kweminduze. Ngo inqubo ukuncibilika "yavela" Bronze Korol Genrih IV. Ngo 1818, i-esifanekisweni efakwe Pont Neuf.

Vuka uhlanga lwesintu

Ngo 1830, wabonakala ngesikhathi July Revolution. Ikholomu Vendome Paris waphinda zishintshe. Ngomyalo weNkosi Lui Filippa mina emsamo esibhakabhakeni waphinda zokuhlola ezasungulwa Napoleon. Kodwa ngaphandle Wreath futhi Toga, futhi isigqoko ajwayelekile emhlabeni sokuvaleleka futhi iyunifomu sephoyisa (umqophi - Georges-Pierre sur).

Okulandelayo "somersault 'kwenzeka ngo-1863. Ngu oda Napoleon III, original ihanjiswe eziyinkimbinkimbi, elakhiwa ngaphansi uLouis XIV ukuze uhlale khona ahlonishwe Veterans empi (Les Invalides). On i- "phezulu" wanikela ikhophi.

Njengoba bethi eRussia, owayeyinzalo yalo Bonapartes sengathi amanzi wabheka. Kwathi okufanayo ngo-1871, futhi ngaphansi Marseillaise Bronze engumashiqela wanika impi yokugcina futhi sithathe izinqumo eziphusile. Podpilennaya ngasesinqeni kanye sigudluke ikholomu endaweni Vandom iphahlazeka phansi.

uphawu dlova ayibanga isikhathi eside. Burst sezindophi, ngamawinji waphula. Ekugcineni isiqu samengama bawa. Abantu bagijimela ukuqaqa isimangaliso eziyisikhumbuzo. Isiphetho edabukisayo Victory esifanekisweni. It eceleni kwesithombe Napoleon Mina, ngasinda kokugumbuqelwa e 1814. Khona-ke wavele wanyamalala.

Ngenxa ihlaya, nangobuqotho

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-4, Ikholomu Vendome sekuvuselelwe endaweni yayo. Kukhona nawo usethubeni lokuhlomula kulolu suku, ube uzungezwe abantu izakhiwo ukukhanya okukhulu. Ukulondolozwa nendlu uMbusi Vendôme. esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo wenze ukubukeka izenzakalo ocebile zomlando yenhloko-dolobha French ekhululekile nakakhulu.

Napoleon ngaphinde presents umhlaba njengeluchungechunge umbusi waseRoma, njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo ayekuhlosile ekuqaleni. Abanye abantu benza amahlaya ukuthi uma ikholomu usakaze izibhamu Prussian kanye isiRashiya, amazwe Unelungelo owafuna isabelo sabo sethusi. Kakade izivakashi sina uthi: Yebo okusheshayo izenzakalo wamavukelambuso igqitshwa yisakhamuzi esebenzayo French.

Njalo ngemva kokugumbuqelwa qwembe owashona ngo 1821, umlawuli usuphinde e yayo "endaweni efanele." Vendome Ikholomu Paris njengomuntu phoenix ukhuphuka uvela umlotha. Mhlawumbe kungaba kudingekile ukusebenzisa lo mkhuba e-Russia? Akukho iphuzu isikhathi ngasinye, "kuze kube phakade" ukusula esidlule.