Uyini elilandelayo ngobukhulu umgibeli izindiza emhlabeni?

zezindiza umkhakha Global usebhekene emlandweni waso, ezihlukahlukene zemfashini. Abaklami we eko, namathathu banesifo esibi futhi forties kwekhulu elidlule, ligcwaliswe ijubane, ophahleni, ibanga, yebo, ubukhulu lokudalwa kwabo.

Huge ANT-20 eye wathola igama umbhali omkhulu yesigaba sabasebenzi Maksima Gorkogo, ngo-1934 waba izindiza elikhulu ngesikhathi sako (nge evamile chassis ezinamasondo). Inani ke umoya travel kwaba ongatheni, indiza kwenziwe okwengeziwe nokumela function, ukubukeka kwayo ephoqelela ibangela sokuqhosha ngenxa eSoviet zezindiza uStalin.

Nokho, maduze nje wakhala imibuzo ukuvelela igunya izizathu kokwenzekayo. Oholela izindiza babone ukuthi abantu abaningi flying imoto angazamukela, ukuthuthwa eshibhile of umgibeli ngamunye.

Indlela ahamba ngaphansi kokuqondisa ochwepheshe KB A. N. Tupoleva ngawo-1960 okuqala, ukudala umgibeli izindiza esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngamandla turboprop plant we Tu-114, babevamile eSoviet izindiza ukulungiswa kwezikole. Ngesisekelo sathathwa amasu webhomu Tu-95: ama-fuselage lakhuliswa futhi ifakwe yabagibeli ezintathu ukhululekile. Zonke bekulindeleke ukuthi ukuklama amaphutha ukuthi ukuguqulwa inketho izimfuneko nezempi akusho acabangele kunomsindo kanye lula nokuphakamisa isitebhisi.

Esikhathini yoma ekuqaleni sikwenza kungaxegi US Boeing wethule umgibeli izindiza esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kabili anesitezi "Dzhambo Dzhet 747". Kwakuyisikhathi wobuciko ngempela, isisindo ukusuka kancane amathani esingaphansi 400, njengoba ezinye izinguquko ukuhlinzekela ukuthutha abagibeli abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu.

Nokho, hhayi kuphela izindiza ezithwala kwezinhloso zenzuzo kumakhasimende. Njengoba eSoviet Union futhi eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela United States bahlakulele imfundiso owawuthi kungenzeka ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo inani elikhulu izimpahla akulona zokugcina. "Ruslan" AN-124 indiza enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lwenzelwe ekuqaleni for ukulethwa missile izinhlelo, kodwa libuye lisetshenziswe zentengiso kanye zezenhlalakahle. Ubukhulu balo kanye ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe, ezifana kunobukhulu bendawo Inkokhelo futhi uhla indiza, ahlale angenakuqhathaniswa kuze kube yilolu suku.

Ukuze zonke izimo zawo, "Ruslan" has esinye isici - kuba ngokuphelele asihambisani ukuthuthwa abantu. Ngokuvumelana usayizi kungcono ngobukhulu umgibeli airliner Airbus A380 wadala nje lenhloso. abagibeli abayisishiyagalombili namashumi amahlanu futhi azinze nge kuze kube manje engakaze ibonwe kamnandi onezitezi ezimbili, ibanga ayimi afika ku 15 thous. Km kanye ukusetshenziswa ezintathu kuphela amalitha kaphalafini ngayinye amakhilomitha 100 umgibeli ngamunye udale le titanium wasezulwini ongenakuqhathaniswa izinzuzo ukuncintisana phambi kozakwabo ku civil zezindiza furrowing emgwaqweni omkhulu omatasa.

Siyoba yini ngobukhulu umgibeli izindiza emhlabeni emashumini eminyaka ezayo? Kanjani it ibukeke? Ngokusekelwe ukuthambekela jikelele zezindiza umkhakha global kusikisela ukuthi kufanele silindele ukuba nokwandisa anoma saloons kuze abantu eyinkulungwane noma ngaphezulu, kodwa amathuba izakhiwo zakudala kwakhe kuhamba kuhambe kuphele, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba idlule sibalo 1500. Umklamo, kusobala, zonke izinto esiyinhlanganisela izosetshenziswa kabanzi futhi plastic. It lingahunyushwa baphetha ukusuka idatha ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha polymer ubuchwepheshe ukuhlinzeka amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu kuhlangene isisindo ephansi.

Kodwa umbuzo othi obani kuzodala umgibeli izindiza ezayo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, uvuliwe. Europe kwadingeka nezwi, endaweni yakhe manje? Mhlawumbe amaMelika noma abaseRussia? Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi elandelayo kuyoba giant Chinese? China zezindiza umkhakha eminyakeni yamuva buyadlondlobala ...