Umshwalense iphothifoliyo - Iyini? Isakhiwo iphothifoliyo umshwalense

Ukuphumelela komsebenzi yenkampani kunqunywa ukusebenza Imiphumela wezimali kusuka yonke imisebenzi. Lubonakaliswa ngesimo inzuzo noma ukulahlekelwa. Eyokuqala ungumthombo ukwanda bofeleba netinhlavu ekuqalisweni kokuzibophezela ukuba abakweletwayo futhi isabelomali. Ngokuhamba ibhizinisi, inkampani yomshuwalense wenza imisebenzi eminingi: kwinkontilaka, ngokubala isilinganiso, iqoqa iminikelo, angenela, yakha izinqolobane, izotshala imali. Ukuze enze lezi zenzo inhlangano idinga izimali.

definition

Omunye izinkomba agcwele nokusimama kwezimali kule nkampani, i-portfolio umshwalense. Lokhu iqoqo izinkontileka for imali ethile. Eqinisweni, it is a reflection of izibopho yenkampani kumakhasimende ayo. Ukudala iphothifoliyo esimeme kuyinto umgomo obalulekile inhlangano. Kusukela lingakanani kuncike degree of umthwalo ukwamukelwa isakhiwo inkontileka. Ukuze uqinisekise nokusimama okunengqondo ukudalwa i iphothifoliyo umshwalense ngenombolo enkulu ukuthengiselana ngezinga eliphansi umthwalo. nokubuyisela akufanele kuthinte isikhundla yenkampani zezimali.

izici

Inombolo izinkontileka akuyona kukhombisa isikhundla esitebeleni. share sengonyama amakhasimende ungakwazi ukuheha ngokunikeza yamanani aphansi. Elikhulu umshwalense iphothifoliyo kusho isamba ephakeme ka ubhale izinkinga ezihilelekile. Kodwa uma izindleko ziphansi, izimali eqoqwe ngeke kwanele ukuba isifundazwe sikhokhele.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, semali izibopho kuzovumela umshwalense ukutshala imali lezinto okuyingozi. Uma inkampani ikakhulu yakhiwa inkontileka yesikhathi esifushane, ukuthengiselana yayo angaphansi izimfuneko - zezimali okusezingeni eliphezulu. Inhlangano kufanele ukwazi, uma kunesidingo, ukuba ngokushesha sibone amafa kanye ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zakhe.

Izinga iphothifoliyo umshwalense

Le nkomba libhekene ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• Usayizi, okuhlanganisa inombolo izivumelwano esayiniwe lemali yabo ingqikithi.
• Ukufana nezingozi. I heterogeneity ezibophweni ngaphansi usayizi encane iphothifoliyo kungaholela emiphumeleni ezingalindelekile. Ngo ukuthengiselana okunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa imininingwane yezibalo iphethini ukuhlaziywa izibalo. Imbangela ukuntengantenga naso singaholela ukwamukelwa by inqwaba izingozi ezifanayo.
• Balance - lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama inani izivumelwano abadala nabasha waphetha. Kahle kahle, ukuthengiselana ezintsha kufanele nxephezela ngokugcwele esedlule, kuhambisana ibhalansi inani ngenxa kanye nenani ingozi.
• Ukuzinza - inani izivumelwano ukuthi uzokhokhelwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwethemu yabo.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-iphothifoliyo umshwalense kumele kwenziwe ukuze kuhlolwe namandla ezezimali futhi ulungise isimo sawo, uma kunesidingo.

Ukudluliswa izingozi

Umgodlagodla yomshuwalense inkampani esikhathini ezahlukene isikhathi kuhlanganisa nenani umthwalo umahluko. Ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi izinhlangano abaphendukela reinsurers. The Inkampani inquma kumkhawulo nokugcinwa ngokuhambisana amaqembu ingozi namakhono abo. Iziphathimandla zikaHulumeni usethe lemali wemfanelo womuntu siqu kwenhlangano inani 10% izimali siqu. Zonke ezinye izinkampani kudingeka ukukhokhela Reinsurance. namanje elinesimo ezingeni eliphansi izimali siqu futhi efanele, umkhawulo isibopho sezomthetho emakethe Russian.

Ukudlulisa ingozi, inhlangano esehlisa usayizi yesikhwama, esinikela ukuzinza kwezimali zemisebenzi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngenxa izakhiwo okudalwe lapho iphothifoliyo umshwalense akuyona ngokwanele athuthukile. Ukuthatha inqwaba izingozi ezifanayo, inkampani angangena isimo kummulirovaniya kanyekanye lapho zonke izibopho kufanele amboze ngesikhathi esisodwa. In practice, lokhu kubangela ucabanga izinhlangano, njengoba ukukhokhwa kwezimali liyadingeka hhayi kuphela izinqolobane, kodwa futhi inhloko-dolobha inkampani. Ngakho-ke, i-portfolio umshwalense - umthombo kwezinsiza, ikhwalithi okuyinto incike isakhiwo nokusimama kwezimali of inhlangano.

izinzuzo

Ukudluliswa umthwalo kusivumela ukuxazulula le nkinga:

• Ukuze akhokhele umonakalo Usengozini enkulu kakhulu ukuthi Kuvezwe ngenxa umcimbi inhlekelele. Ngokwesibonelo, endabeni umqedazwe kwenzeka ekuqongeleleni esesivele esiyingozi kakhulu ngomshuwalense, njengoba kwandisa izindleko zawo.
• Ukuze ekulinganiseni umsebenzi wenhlangano isikhathi eside ngemva imiphumela engemihle unyaka wonke.
• Khulisa lokuncintisana emakethe.
• Bakha olinganiselayo umshwalense iphothifoliyo.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwempahla.

amaphutha

Umshwalense Iphothifoliyo iqoqo izinkontileka waphetha. Nakuba izinga lobungozi kungase okusezingeni eliphezulu ngaphambi kokuba kudluliswe kwenye ingxenye izibopho enkampani, kubalulekile ukuhlola izindleko-ukusebenza ngaleso sinqumo. Reinsurance imisebenzi eyenziwa ngaso inkokhelo. Izimali kumele ifane isabelo umthwalo basakaza. Isici esibalulekile futhi ukuzimisela ezingeni ukususa siqu, okuyinto incike namandla ezezimali kanye inzuzo imisebenzi. umkhawulo Overvalued kuholela nokuntengantenga kwezezimali, liphansi kakhulu - a non-nzuzo.

isakhiwo

Dlulisa ingozi enye inhlangano eyodwa kuphela kuncike kungenzeka ukuba zikahulumeni kwabaqaphi. Ngakho isakhiwo umshwalense iphothifoliyo kufanele tifaka:

• izibopho ngaphansi elihambisana izinqolobane kwakhiwa;
• amafa labetibambile ukumboza izingozi.

I umshwalense ithumela iphothifoliyo kwakhiwa ngesikhathi isinqumo. Lihlanganisa ukuzibophezela izinkontileka okuqhubekayo nalabo okuyiwona isikhathi siphelile, kodwa izibopho ungazange zigcwalisekile ngokugcwele. Ngokusho into izingozi ezithile kungenzeka idluliselwe omunye umshwalense.

Inani izimpahla zingase zimiswe izinqolobane alinganayo noma kube ngaphansi kuka kubo. Surcharges avunyelwe kuphela uma bengenayo idlule umehluko phakathi namafa adluliselwe futhi inhloko-dolobha inkampani. Ukusebenza akuvunyelwe uma inani izimpahla kuyinto esingaphansi kwesigamu reserves zithutha. Ukukhethwa kuyinto ucabanga yenkampani. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka namafa adluliselwe okusele kungaba inzuzo ngokuhlanganisa izinkampani zomshuwalense. Umthamo izinkokhelo kunqunywa imithetho kahulumeni. Inani amafa ilingana incwadi yabo inani noma intengo emakethe.

Ngezizathu nezivumelwano zokudluliswa

Eziningi kuzo:

• Ukuhoxiswa kwelayisensi ukuze bafeze imisebenzi ekuthatheni isinyathelo igunya lokuphatha;
• esimweni isinqumo nokuqeda inhlangano kukhonjelwe Imininingwane ukudluliswa umshwalense iphothifoliyo kwenye inkampani;
• kokunikezwa kwe-nezimfuneko solvency eziletha isimo Kubheda sezimali zenhlangano, uma ukudluliswa iphothifoliyo ipulani zezimali ukutakula
• isinqumo phezu renunciation yokuzithandela imisebenzi ethile;
• exclusion inkampani kusuka izinhlangano of izinkampani zomshuwalense ezimweni ezibekwe ngumthetho.

isiphetho

Umshwalense iphothifoliyo kumelela inani izivumelwano esisayinwe ethile. Kuyinto umthombo oyinhloko cash flow. Kodwa lokho kungase kubangele ucabanga inhlangano nge abampofu izakhiwo zokubusa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhiqiza uphinde usabalalise izingozi nezibopho ngaphansi izivumelwano. Nokho, amasevisi reinsurers 'akuzona khulula. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlola izindleko-ukusebenza kuthengiselana ngaphambi isiphelo sako. Inqubo ngokwaso senzeka ngaphansi esiqinile ukulawula kukahulumeni.