Umklamo yedolobha lanamuhla njengoba isayensi art

Umklamo yedolobha lanamuhla eba bavumelane ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo zesiko ezisemadolobheni, umkhakha, ukukhula amabutho elikhiqizayo umphakathi. kwentuthuko zezenhlalo nezobuchwepheshe ukusheshisa futhi ashukumise athuthukise emidala futhi amadolobha amasha.

izakhiwo zalo muzi: ulwazi oluncane jikelele

ukwakhiwa City yakhelwe ukwandisa ingqalasizinda futhi abantu isikhala ephilayo, ukudala izakhiwo ezintsha yezakhiwo. Esinye, kubaluleke, indima yayo - kulondolozwe ngokomlando ukubonakala emzini, nokugcina nomkhathi wawo wasekuqaleni. Modern idolobha izakhiwo kuhlanganisa engadini. Umgomo wakhe - ukudalwa nokwenziwa ngcono izimo zokuphila ngokuba izakhamuzi, ukulondolozwa kwemithombo yemvelo ngaphakathi endaweni echaziwe.

Amadolobha amaningi post-Soviet yayakhiwa amaphrojekthi ndinganiso, ngakho namanje kakhulu efana nomunye. ukwakhiwa okuyisidina Soviet zingatholakala ezweni ngalinye CIS, kungakhathaliseki Kazakhstan, Armenia neRussia. Kodwa kukhona komunye umuzi, ngohlamvu esiyingqayizivele kabani iphupho ukuhlangabezana izinkulungwane zabantu emhlabeni wonke - lena eMoscow.

Yedolobha YaseMoscow Architecture

Moscow - the "maphakathi nezwe", edonsela zonke ngonyaka izinkulungwane zezivakashi notshwala. izakhiwo eMoscow kungaba ngokuthi uhlobo indaba zomlando, okuyinto wagubha kunqoba futhi ukunqotshwa, ajabule futhi azwelane kuyo yonke impilo eside yenhloko-dolobha.

Ngobungcweti bokwakhiwa kwezindlu wedolobha libhekene inhlanganisela izitayela, izitayela nemifanekiso ezenzeka phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Zonke izenzakalo zomlando wezwe, ngandlela-thile kubonakala ekubukekeni idolobha lethu. Ngekhulu le-15 sihleli unaphakade ngokwayo itshe sesakhiwo kweNyuka Cathedral of the Kremlin. Catherine wokubusa Omkhulu ukukhumbula ukuzalwa classicism - Senate Grand Theatre, Pashkov House futhi ulandelele Tsaritsyno Palace. Ngemva kwempi ye-1812-dolobha lakhiwa kabusha. Historical Museum, Igumnova endlini waba lesikhumbuzo ngalezo zikhathi. Ekhulwini lama-20 a yesimanje, amasampula yayo abhekwa ehhotela "National", "Metropol", Yaroslavsky Station. Ikhulu lama-21 liye eyaqanjwa izakhiwo ultra-yanamuhla, kanye nezakhiwo zayo eziphakeme, ingilazi mbumbulu, eziyinxanxathela kanye nesakhiwo ephezulu liphumele, okuyinto ahlotshiswe siqu yehlukene kaningi okubalwa futhi aphelele yayo Ensemble yezakhiwo eMoscow.

izakhiwo Modern njengoba art

Ukwakheka yangaphandle ephilayo isikhala zabantu ngokwakha entsha bese kwetakhiwo ubudala ehilelekile izakhiwo yedolobha lanamuhla. Lokhu art luhlanganisa izici ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• ukuhlela Urban - ekudalweni futhi kwezakhiwo.
• Architecture ngobuningi izakhiwo - Umklamo zokuhlala kanye nezakhiwo zomphakathi, izitshalo zezimboni.
• Landscape izakhiwo - ilungiselelo tikwele, amapaki kanye izingadi zomphakathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo wezakhiwo kunomthelela ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo abahlali. Kanye nezinye izinto, kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa yokubonisa imizwa yokushisekela izwe.

Isiqondiso bokwakha yesimanje

Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni ahlukahlukene, izakhiwo yedolobha lanamuhla libizwa ngendlela ehlukile. Sibiza ke "yanamuhla", eJalimane "yugendshtil" France "Art Nouveau". Modern Kepha lathumela, kwakheka 19 ngasekupheleni - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. It libhekene wokumelana esungulwe, ukubukeka zakudala zezakhiwo. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa leli isitayela steel, ukhonkolo, ingilazi okokuqala waqala isetshenziselwe ke plastic kanye nezinye izinto zobuchwepheshe. Lokhu isitayela kuyinto esihlukile hhayi nje ngenxa yezinkulumo sobuhle bayo bangaphandle nokusebenza ezihlakaniphile. Abalandelayo ngemva yesimanjemanje kule 20s yekhulu lama-20, kwavela constructivism, eye lithathwa "umphefumulo" yesigaba sabasebenzi elinqobile. umsebenzi Its main - ukukhonza ukukhiqizwa entsha. Lapho yasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa ikakhulu kwagcizelela ukhonkolo. Ezinhlelweni Constructivists wadala izimboni hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi yokuhlala imizi, izikole, izibhedlela, amakilabhu. Ukuphela 40s imakwe ukubukeka mkhuba minimalist bokwakha, yena yayina kakhulu ngawo-1960. Minimalists Credo - "lutho ngaphezulu!". Izakhiwo sikhathi laconic, abanayo imihlobiso noma ezinye frills. Umqondo oyinhloko Abaklami minimalist - ekufuneni olinganise ekahle, inhlanganisela wenduduzo nokusebenza, ngokwencazelo yaleli isikhathi. Ukuthuthukiswa izakhiwo yesimanje akagcinanga lapho. Minimalism Ngokushesha isibe esiphelelwe isikhathi, futhi salandelwa zobuchwepheshe zanamuhla isitayela, kwaphela iminyaka eminingi ukuze bathole kuphela ukwakha isizinda kuleli izakhiwo ezisemadolobheni.

Hi-tech - izakhiwo yedolobha lanamuhla

Ukwakheka lo mbono wathonywa ubuchwepheshe obusha ezihambisana indoda wesimanje. Metal, ingilazi, ukusika-onqenqemeni zokwakha kanye izakhiwo, ifomu Monolithic, namandla, nokunqoba, njengoba owawusekelwe izakhiwo - lena isitayela zobuchwepheshe. Siqukethe ezintathu sub-amaqoqo: zezimboni, Bionic futhi geometric hi-tech.

Endaweni yezimboni elinesimo eyinqaba uma ukhululeka usho okudingayo design. Lembula zonke izindlela zokuxhumana, ukuxhumana, kweqa, ukudala ngesisekelo design wabo zokuhlobisa futhi zisebenza kahle.

Yejeyomethri hi-tech - ezihlukahlukene zeJiyomethri, inhlanganisela futhi interweaving we ukucupha ezingalindelekile kakhulu futhi engavamile.

Ukuze zobuchwepheshe Bionic isici ukubukeka mbumbulu bemvelo, engavumelana ukubonakala izakhiwo kanye namakhaya ngosizo ushintsho oluhle futhi imigqa ejwayelekile kwalowo yendalo.