Umhlalaphansi ingozi: uhlu ukuzibonakalisa. Izinhlu "imisebenzi ezimbi" sokuthatha umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi

ukuhlola izibalo zibonisa amazinga aphezulu wamabhizinisi ne kwezimo abasebenza ezithinta impilo kanye saphatha ingozi ekuphileni komuntu. kwezimo ezingezinhle bayanda lokuhlushwa amagesi enobungozi, ukukhanya okunganele, emisebeni umsindo.

Izimo ukuze kubhekwe ekunqumeni ngokunzulu komthelela kwezendalo ukukhiqizwa umsebenzi ngamunye, zihlukaniswe evamile, eyamukelekayo, kuyingozi futhi elimazayo. Kule incike ngokuphelele le ngozi umhlalaphansi. Uhlu imisebenzi ezihilela umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi, kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Ukwahlukanisa kusekelwe le acid, bacteriological, izingxenye microclimate. Bona esilimaza impilo, abangele izifo emsebenzini, kuholele ekulahlekelweni kwamandla ukusebenza. Balwisana lokhu nomthelela omubi, umthetho kahulumeni isungule zemihlomulo yabasebenzi isivumelwano se ekuseni kobudlelwano emsebenzini.

Lolu hlobo impesheni ingozi. Uhlu 2 Nohlu 1 okwethulwa kulesi sihloko.

kuvikela

I-Federal Law "Ngo Umshwalense Izimpesheni Russia" sathi: Chitha setha umthetho kunini amabhizinisi kanye nezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi futhi onobungozi aqinisekisiwe ithuba ngaphambi kokuphelelwa lomthetho ikhefu eholidini.

Uhlu ukuzibonakalisa nelungelo eshicilelwe ngaphezu yingxenye yesine yekhulu leminyaka edlule (USSR iKomidi Izikhonzi Lesinqumo LoMkhandlu 01.26.1991). Kule minyaka edlule, kuye kwenziwa izinguquko, izichibiyelo ezihlobene isingeniso abathengisa omusha, ukuqanjwa kabusha elidala. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we main uhlu inombolo 1 no-2, belinganisa mkhakha, anikeza ilungelo lokuthola umhlalaphansi ingozi. Uhlu imisebenzi kabanzi.

"Noku" umsebenzi

Uhlu lokuqala kuhlanganisa umsebenzi elimazayo ikakhulukazi ezingenangqondo neziyingozi:

• abavukuzi;
• abasebenzi "izitolo ashisayo";
• Ihlathi clicker;
• abaqaphi;
• zikaloliwe
• izazi zokuma komhlaba;
• abanye efakwe kulesi sigaba yabasebenzi.

Ohlwini lwesibili kuhlanganisa:

• abasebenzi zokuthutha (zasolwandle, ezokuthutha ngesitimela; izindiza, i-urban);
• abasebenzi ukudla futhi umkhakha ukukhanya;
• Ukusebenza izitshalo ezenza imithi;
• abavukuzi namaminerali akuzona komhlaba;
• odokotela;
• paratroopers;
• pilot;
• izicishamlilo;
• abaculi (yaseshashalazini, umdanso we-ballet, isekisi);
• bezikole;
• othisha;
• inkulumo abelaphi;
• inkulumo pathologists;
• kwengqondo.

izimo zokungena sokuthatha umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi

Sokuthatha umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthi izinto ezithile ziba ifinyelelwe. Bathembele ohlwini.

Ngakho, ohlwini lokuqala:

• amadoda kufanele okungenani ube neminyaka engu-50, basebenza ngaphandle ekhethekile - iminyaka engu-10, ubude yesevisi - iminyaka engu-20;
• zesifazane - iminyaka engu-45, nakho ekhethekile - iminyaka 7.5, ukuqashwa jikelele okungenani iminyaka engu-15.

isikhathi noku 10 iminyaka, uma kuqhathaniswa umthetho amiselwe umhlalaphansi.

Yini ezinye izidingo zingezokunikeza impesheni umonakalo?

Uhlu 2 kuhlanganisa nokunakekela ukuphumula esizifanele wasebenza ngaphansi kwezimo eziyingozi noyingozi kangaka amadoda abaneminyaka engu-55, abesifazane - engu-50. ubukhulu noku ziyakuba yiminyaka eyikhulu 12,5 no-10, inani - 25 no-20 iminyaka.

Uma lokhu waphawula, umhlalaphansi okungenzeka ingozi. Uhlu ukuzibonakalisa sihlole.

Izimali emseni isipiliyoni ukusebenza

Odonsa up uhlu imisebenzi, abantu unelungelo isivumelwano se ekuseni kobudlelwano emsebenzini, kungumsebenzi umqashi. Enesibopho ukukhokha amaphrimiyamu omshuwalense, okuyizinto ngesisekelo impesheni kwakho kokubili lokho okuqokelekile. Imininingwane okufakiwe kuze kube izimali indawo impesheni.

Oku yabamba izimo umsebenzi okhethekile, ukuvumela ukukhomba sezingeni ukulimala nengozi imisebenzi. Lo msebenzi kwenziwa ngumuntu accredited ngokukhethekile izinhlangano zama-third party, okuyinto inkontileka ukuqhuba isimo ukuhlolwa inqubo umsebenzi. Ngemva ukuhlaziya izimo zokusebenza wabelwe ekilasini ingozi, onikeza ilungelo lokuthola izibonelelo ezengeziwe nezimpesheni yabo.

Uhlu ezivamile zemisebenzi enobungozi 2.

Ukwenza impesheni ekhethekile

Umuntu unelungelo lokuthola umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi, kungenzeka isicelo sempesheni ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo ku kwalophiko. Uma ufaka lonke esasiwafanele e yesikhwama sempesheni kufanele ahanjiswe:

• incwadi zabasebenzi, okuyinto inkomba main elakhiwe ubudala;
• olusemthethweni umazisi;

• abantu abangesiwona esiqiwini we Russian Federation amabutho ahlomile - lempi idokhumende lokubhalisa;
• isitatimende engenayo kanye kwentela engenayo;
• incwadi eyakhishwa ngumqashi nihlola izimo zokusebenza ezinobungozi futhi eyingozi ubudala kokuyeka ngaphansi kwalezi zimo;
• idatha ngihlolwa;
• Inombolo yomkhokhintela siqu (TIN);
• SNILS (SNILS).

Kwezinye izimo, ochwepheshe ukucela ulwazi ulahlekile, eqinisekisa ngokunemba ulwazi okufakiwe:

• isivumelwano yomqashi futhi umsebenzi umsebenzi;
• Bhalisa inkokhelo sina amaholo;
• sicashunwa oda kuqale umsebenzi, ukunyakaza zezimboni ngaphakathi ibhizinisi.

Imibhalo okufakiwe kuze kube yesikhwama sempesheni esekelwe indawo impesheni esizayo, kanye nesitatimende State. Lokhu inikezwa ekoteni. Umamukeli inquma indlela ukukhiqizwa yayo: ukulethwa endaweni sokubhalisa, uthumele ku-akhawunti yasebhange siqu, ukudlulisela ikhadi ebhange plastic.

Akuphelele umsebenzi umsebenzi edingekayo

Indlela ukucacisa lapho ukubeka umhlalaphansi phezu ingozi (kulesi simo uhlu ukuzibonakalisa kubhekwe)?

Uma ubude edingekayo yesevisi kwengxenye, kunciphise inyuka umhlalaphansi:

• ku inombolo ohlwini 1 - unyaka owodwa ngamunye ichitha ukuhweba engcono kakhulu;
• ku uhlu inombolo 2 - 12 months amadoda 2.5 sadlala izinzuzo, unyaka owodwa - kwabesifazane ngoba zonke 2, esetshenziselwa ukuhweba oyithandayo.

Kukhona Ukuphika sokubhalisa. Ngokuvamile, naphezu enze enobungozi umsebenzi umsebenzi ezilotshwe idokhumenti zokusebenza siqu, akusiyo liyefana yini umthetho omiswe. Umfakisicelo kuzothatha isikhathi hlanganisa, ukunikeza izitifiketi, ama-oda, omunye umsebenzi nihlola izimo zokusebenza ezinobungozi futhi eziyingozi ngokuya ngale mibhalo.

Nesipiliyoni komsebenzi kufakwe uhlu ahlukahlukene kungukuthi wanezela up.

Ukubala of the imali yempesheni

Izimpesheni kubalwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho ukuze umonakalo ukushaja evamile, kucatshangelwa kukhuphuke umshwalense izinkokhelo abaqashi ngezizathu yokuthola umsebenzi:

• isifo esingelapheki ngesikhathi esebenza ibhizinisi enobungozi;
• ukukhubazeka ngenxa imisebenzi emsebenzini e eziyingozi;
• ngesikhathi umsebenzi isifo esingalapheki.

Konke lokhu, kuhlanganise 2 inikeza uhlu imisebenzi eziyingozi.

ochwepheshe Isikhwama ayebala izinsuku, futhi umsebenzi Imininingwane ezimweni eziyingozi. Lichazwa sonke isikhathi ukusebenza, ukukhululwa ngezizathu zezokwelapha, sokubeletha, isikhathi ukuvala ngokokuqala wasebenza, ikhokhwe izinsuku zeholidi yonyaka, Ukuphumula ukusebenza okubangwa yileli umqashi. okungafanele:

• kuyilapho benakekela ingane;
• ukuqeqeshwa (uma kungenziwanga ophasiswe isiqondiso umqashi);
• uhambo.

Ubufakazi umsebenzi ngokuhlanganyela ezimweni eziyingozi ngesisekelo umthetho "Ngo zabasebenzi impesheni" akufakiwe.

ukulawula ezidingekayo

Ukuthola kwamabhizinisi bezentengiselwano, kubalulekile ukuba ulungise "umonakalo" ngesimo ezengeziwe inkokhelo yemali okubhekiswe Iminikelo yezimali eyenziwa ngokuzithandela isinxephezelo umonakalo okuholela isivumelwano zabasebenzi ngemvume. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukulawula irekhodi ngazinye, esaziwa isipiliyoni umonakalo isikhathi somhlalaphansi.

kokubukeza njalo okufakwe idokhumenti siqu olusemthethweni, equkethe ulwazi mayelana nomsebenzi, kuzovumela ukuqapha igama loqobo izikhundla zabo ukusebenza elihambisana uhlu ekhethekile. Udinga bajwayelane imiphumela umsebenzi okhethekile ekuhloleni kwezimiso ukusebenza. Ulwazi wathola ukuthi ayihambisani isimo sangempela, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuvikela izithakazelo zabo ezifanele-State Labour Inspectorate, namajaji. Ilahla isidingo ukuze eqinisekisiwe ngumqashi isitifiketi ubudala oyithandayo.

Nazi ezinye ingozi impesheni esiyingqayizivele.

Kubangela self-ukukhiqiza "impesheni eziyingozi"

Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma umqashi, isivumelwano phezu eliyifa sokuhlolela olukhethekile izimo ukusebenza inhlangano ezimele ilayisensi, ezama ukuthola imiphumela ukunciphisa izinga ingozi, ukuncipha okuhambisanayo amanani eminikelo yempesheni, ukunciphisa izinga inkokhelo yomsebenzi ukuthi akufezile ezothatha ihlandla saziso ezimweni eziyingozi. Lesi sigaba lezisebenzi ungase uthole izinzuzo ezengeziwe: a mfushane nemini ngokushikashikeka nokukhandleka, iholide ezengeziwe, ukudla ezempilo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwamahhala.

Ukubuyekeza Esifike Ngesikhathi kwemibhalo edingekayo ukuze bathole impesheni ekhethekile ukugwema ukwehluleka kokuqokwa kwakhe icala eladonsa isikhathi eside, ngenxa umhlalaphansi ingozi othandeakayo eziningi.