Umbhali waseMelika futhi screenwriter Dzheyms Klavell: Biography, lokusungula

Njengoba umlobi yochungechunge oluthile lwezinto ezenzeke amanoveli athandwayo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i- "Saga Asian", ebhalwe esikhathini esiphakathi 1962 no-1993, futhi umlobi onekhono, Clavell ngokuvamile wafunda emsebenzini wabo zokudala ithonya eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga ngokumelene nomunye. Amaqhawe imisebenzi yakhe bazama ukuqonda amasiko ifilosofi Asia. kunemibono eminingi ephikisanayo kanye nokungqubuzana nsuku kazwelonke, okuyinto njalo kungaholela abalimala womuntu, kuboniswa imisebenzi yakhe, njengoba Dzheyms Klavell kuze wahlala ezinsukwini zokugcina futhi lo mama engumKatolika individualist anti-undlovukayiphikiswa. Ithonya omkhulu umsebenzi umbhali baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthi nobunzima akhuthazelela ekuthunjweni. kwamiswa isimilo saKhe okungenakudanjiswa ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, izenzakalo ababe Umfutho kudalwa umoya oqinile izinhlamvu, ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo ukuze yombhali.

ebuntwaneni

Ngo edolobha iSydney, October 10, 1924-British Royal Navy UCaptain Richard Clavell umndeni ahlanganiswe - wazala indodana Dzheyms Klavell. Biography yomlobi esizayo wayegcwele eziguquguqukayo ezahlukene kusukela zisencane. Lapho umntwana izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye ubudala, umkhaya wathuthela eNgilandi. Ngu ubunjalo Clavell induna inkonzo ngokuvamile kwadingeka ukuba bathuthele, ngakho uJakobe wayebhala la mazwi thuba futhi ukuze sihambele imizi eminingi port. Ethonya ekhethekile kuye kwenziwa i-Hong Kong futhi izindaba kayise mayelana uhambo ku eMfuleni umfula iYangtze. Khona-ke lo mfana futhi waba nesithakazelo isiko nokufundwa izilimi zakwamanye amazwe asempumalanga.

intsha

Wakhulela ku izindaba likayise noyisemkhulu, naye owayenesikhundla isikhulu Royal Navy, Dzheyms Klavell ngiphuphe career lempi. Wayemelela, njengoba alime ulwandle futhi enze imigilingwane, efana amaqhawe imisebenzi ozithandayo etemibhalo. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme e Portsmouth, uJakobe abasha, ukulalela nje komuzwa wesibopho nomndeni amasiko, wakhetha i-career kwizimboni Navy, kodwa ngenxa yamehlo akazange ukukhethwa nakudlula ngo-1940 yena wajoyina i-British Royal wezikhali.

neminyaka yempi

Lapho kuqubuka umlilo we Second neMpi Yezwe, UJames wayengaphansi Malaysia. Kokunye impi ulimele isikhashana fighter engu-18 ubudala, bekulindeleke able kuze khumba nga amasosha Japanese khona kuyo leyo ndawo. Kodwa ekugcineni, yena elathunjwa futhi wathumela wokuqala ejele esiqhingini Java, bese ekamu tshwala Bliz Changi e Singapore, wahlala khona kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwempi. Kamuva, umbhali Dzheyms Klavell wathi ukuthi ukuze basinde ekamu eliyijele, lapho omunye kuphela 15 wahlupheka sokuhlushwa, isifo nendlala ezimbalwa, iye yasiza nenkolelo yokuthi eqina kunomunye ezimweni nasendaweni lapho itholakala. Ubuhlungu bakhe kanye nemigqondo kusukela isipiliyoni umbhali akukaze ezabiwe esidlangalaleni, wakuthwala wenyukela nakho kule noveli "Inkosi Igundane". Ngemva kokudedelwa ekuthunjweni, Clavell ebuyela eNgilandi, kokuba ngalesisikhathi elisezingeni likakaputeni. Umsebenzi wakhe wezempi yaphela ngemva James ngeshwa isithuthuthu ingozi eyamnika izinyonga unaphakade.

Ushintsho E-ukuphila nomsebenzi

Umuntu osemusha kudingeka uhlaziye izinhlelo zabo ngenxa yokuphila esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngo-1946 wangena University of Birmingham. Le isixazululo iba kubalulekile ngoba inyuvesi Dzheyms Klavell wahlangana actress Epril Strayd, phakathi kwazo kuvela imizwa, Februwari 20, 1951 abathandi sashada. kamuva uJakobe wazala uyaziqhenya amadodakazi ami amabili, Michaela futhi holly. Njengoba unkosikazi wakhe eside isikhathi uhlobo umsebenzi eyenziwa ngaleso studios, Clavell ngokuvamile naye kwadingeka ukuba uye khona. Ngakho buthule, James wathola ubizo lakhe kwezobuciko futhi baba distributor amafilimu.

Screenwriter kanye nomqondisi

Ngo-1953, Clavell Unquma ukuzama inhlanhla yakhe e-United States. Njengoba base bethole isimemo sokuyosebenza a show umshayeli TV, yena wathutha nomkhaya wakhe eNew York. Ngakho kuzuzwe imiphumela oyifunayo kungenzeka yini ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuze ngondle umkhaya wakithi, umbhali esizayo abadumile akusho shun usuku ukusebenza njengoba isisebenzi abavamile, futhi ebusuku ukubhala zokubhala. ithalente lakhe nentshisakalo ifilimu ukunikeza umphumela yokuqala enkulu ngo-1958: ku mbhalo ukwenza i-movie "The Fly", okuyinto kamuva waba Thriller zakudala. Ngo-1959 wabona ukukhululwa kwe "Vatusi" ebhalwe Clavell, futhi nakuba indima eyinhloko esithombeni sebhayisikobho ekhuluma isivele abadumile Maykl Keyn, isithombe is hhayi lithole izindondo kusukela baxgeki. umbhali Sokuvelela Akahlosile ukubekezelela lesi isimo sezinto, uthi isithombe kuhlulekile ngenxa wokufaka okungafanele indaba. Manje Dzheyms Klavell uhlose ukuphatha yonke inqubo self-ukukhiqizwa amafilimu ngawo lowo nyaka, okwenza ifilimu, "Five Amasango Esihogweni," okuyinto ethatha njengoba screenwriter, umqondisi kanye umkhiqizi. Khona-ke le bhayisikobho eyayenziwe ngo-1960, "Hamba like udrako," futhi ngo-1963 izwe wabona wezithombe ezinyakazayo "I Escape Omkhulu." Le ifilimu is etha ngomlando iziboshwa zempi abaleke ekamu kakhulu esiqashwe amaNazi. Le filimu alethwe Clavell impumelelo enkulu futhi umklomelo ovela Abalobi Guild ngoba webhayisikobho best konyaka. Emphilweni umqondisi kanye screenwriter iza nenguquko: ngawo lowo nyaka wathola US lobuzwe.

noveli yokuqala

Impumelelo kanye umsebenzi intandokazi sicela Clavell, kodwa musa asize ukukhohlwa zonke izinto ezinyantisa umzimba empini futhi ekuthunjweni, okuyinto ayekutholile. Unkosikazi weluleka uJakobe aloba ngezenzakalo ukuveza imizwa yabo ephepheni ukuqeda edwengula ukuphikisana yayo futhi ukungqubuzana siqu, kubenze izinhlamvu yencwadi. Ngakho noveli yokuqala "Inkosi igundane," esanyatheliswa ngo-1962, lapho umlobi usechaze okuningi okwakwenzeka e ekamu Changi. Lena yincwadi yokuqala ochungechungeni, eyaziwa ngokuthi i- "Saga Asian." Kamuva, kakade umlobi American Dzheyms Klavell wakhumbula kwathiwa kunzima kangakanani inikezwe ukusebenza kwethi. Okusalungiswa kwekhasi ngalinye kwadingeka kabusha kaningi ukufeza isimo izenzakalo ezenzeka kule noveli. Incwadi waba ethengwa kakhulu osheshayo, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emithathu ifilimu yayisekelwe phezu noveli.

Umlobi Dzheyms Klavell: imisebenzi yakhe

Ngo-1966, it ishicilela Clavell inoveli "Tai-Pan," futhi nakuba abagxeki akunjalo ngazwi linye ngomdlandla wabingelela ncwadi, inoveli ekugcineni wathwebula. Clavell uyaqhubeka ukubhala scripts uphinde wenze amafilimu, njengoba umthetho, izifundo yamasosha noma okuvusa usinga. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi ethandwa inoveli "Shogun" umbhali ishicilela ngo-1975, encwadini badayise izinombolo omkhulu, futhi ngo-1980 inoveli wathwebula. Le filimu grossed nezilaleli ngamakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-120, futhi Richard Chamberlain, ababedlala indima eyinhloko itilosi British, wazithola Japan, kweso wayesema phezulu ukuthandwa. On Broadway, umkhiqizo wakhululwa ngo-1989, futhi kamuva kwaba khona umdlalo we-computer of the gama elifanayo.

Bypasses ukunakwa umbhali kanye izilaleli yezingane, kanye eshicilelwe "indaba Wezingane" ngo-1980. Isihloko East bekulokhu ezithakazelisayo futhi sisondelene kakhulu umbhali, ngakho uyaqhubeka esebenza kuchungechunge izincwadi "Saga Asian." Ngo-1981 wanyathelisa incwadi "Noble House" ukhuluma ngezenzakalo ezenzeka sixties kwekhulu lamashumi amabili e-Hong Kong. Khona-ke, ngo-1986, umfundi bajwayelane inoveli "Okusheshayo", okuyinto liyakhuluma ngalezi izinto ezenzeka ngenkathi kweyishumi Iran. Siqedile umjikelezo noveli zomlando "Gai-jin", isenzo ebanjwa in yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye Japan. Kushicilelwe incwadi ngo-1993. Ngaphezu lokubhala, umsebenzi abalobi 'futhi umqondisi sika, Clavell, ubani kusuka ebuntwaneni asithandayo Eastern isiko kanye yingcweti ngezilimi eziningi, ihumusha yezincwadi zasendulo. Ngakho, uyena akwazi ukujwayela ngo-1983, ukuba kuhunyushwe futhi kushicilelwe incwadi odumile "Art of War" Sun Tzu sika.

ukuphila Siqu nezinkolelo

ku esitolo okudala nozakwethu kuqashelwe ukuthi umlobi waseMelika futhi screenwriter Dzheyms Klavell waba umlingisi eqinile. Wayengase inhlonipho enemikhuba abandayo kubantu abangazange balazi, ngisho noma zazinamandla. Impumelelo enkulu imisebenzi kombhali wamenza isicebi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo Clavell neze axoshwe imali, lokusungula ubelokhu into ebaluleke kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abashicileli bathi umbhali kugwenywe intuthuko futhi akakuvumelanga zokukhokha. Wathi Unemali ezinye ukubhala lokho akucabangayo kufanelekile, ngaso izinyathelo zakho siqu. Indodakazi yakhe uyakhumbula ukuthi indoda Asikaze umbhali zomphakathi Dzheyms Klavell. Izithombe lapho umlobi okubonisa umsebenzi, ukwenza kucace ukuthi kukhulu kwakusho kuye. Umndeni wakhe bekulokhu ngiphephile, lapho umlobi wayengabhala noma uzifihla abezindaba awayiphazamisi. Uma waze wavuma bangathembela kulokhu kuphila kuphela, umkakhe kuphela namadodakazi. Njengoba umndeni saba nemali, umlobi wawuhlanganyela beshayela indiza yakhe siqu futhi zinhlanga ukubhala imisebenzi kwelinye izindlu ezimbalwa e-United States, e-Austria noma France. Kanye nonkosikazi wakhe bahamba eziningi, ikakhulukazi e-Asiya.
Kuze ezinsukwini zokugcina zalesi Dzheyms Klavell waqhubeka esebenza, kodwa amaphrojekthi amaningi atikasetjentiswa ngenxa ezifweni ezimbi oncological ngawo walwa isikhathi eside. Indida zokuphila komlobi yelashwa ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, okuyinto usunificile ke 6 Septhemba 1994 edolobheni Vevey eSwitzerland. Washona ngenyanga ngaphambi lokuzalwa kwakhe lamashumi ayisikhombisa.