Ukuzithelela ngokuzenzakalelayo kubamba lokushisa ngezandla zakho kusuka ebhodleleni leplastiki: uhlelo

Ukunisela izitshalo ezindaweni ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi esimweni esomile, kudinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onethuba lokuvakashela isayithi nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo ziyazibuza: kanjani ukusetha ukuchelela ngokuzenzekelayo ku-greenhouse ngezandla zabo?

Ukunisela ngokuzenzekelayo izindlela ezahlukene zokunisela

Izindlela zokunisela zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu: ukufafaza, ukuchelela ukuchelela kanye nesondlo. Ukunisela emhlabathini ngosizo lokunisela kungaba kulezi zinketho akusebenzi. Le ndlela, efana nokuchelela okuncane, okungenziwa nge-hoses noma amapayipi ene-pores-pores, inhle kakhulu yokunisela izindonga kanye nezinsuku zokuhlala zensimu.

Ukunisela ukuchelela okuncane noma ukuchelela kuyisimiso esilungele ukunikeza umswakama okudingekayo emithini, ehlathini, emiceleni. Ukunisela ukuchelela kuyindlela evelele kakhulu yokuchelela izakhamuzi zasehlobo, ngoba inikeza ithuba lokuhambisa umswakama ngqo ezimpandeni zezitshalo. Le ndlela inhle ekutshaleni utamatisi, ukhukhamba, ama-eggplants, kodwa ayifaki ukuchelela okugcwele. Ukuphuza kuyindlela ekahle yokunisela imibhede yemifula noma utshani. Ungakwazi ukufaka ukuzisela ngokuzenzekelayo ku-greenhouse ngezandla zakho kunoma iyiphi inketho.

Amafafaza, epulasitiki

Ukunisela ngokuzenzekelayo kusiza ikakhulukazi ngamanzi angavamile kusayithi noma kumahora acacisiwe. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukuba manzi amanzi amaningi, kepha kusuka e-hose akuyona into engathandeki, ngoba ukucindezela kwamanzi okunamandla kuzokugeza umhlaba ezimpandeni. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokunisela yi-pump, hoses kanye ne-sprinklers ezidingekayo ukufafaza. Ama-sprays noma ama-sprinklers angenziwa kusuka kwento ephathekayo-amabhodlela e-plastiki alula. Amabhodlela afanelekayo anekhono lama-2 kuya ku-5 amalitha, lapho izimbobo zenziwe ngokuhlelwa okuhlukile, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-sprinkler. I-hose ifakwa entanyeni yebhodlela noma umgodi esihlalweni. Ungabamba emigodini yezingxenye zezingxenye ezisekelweni zepulasitiki.

Ukuchelela ukuchelela ngamabhodlela epulasitiki

Ukuchelela ngamanzi ngezandla zabo ku-greenhouse kungabuye kulungiswe ngezindlela eziningana, besebenzisa amabhodlela epulasitiki 1.5 no-2-litre.

• Emadongeni amabhodlela (angafinyeleli ku-3 cm kuya phansi) kuyadingeka ukubhoboza imigqa eminingana yemigodi ngendlela ehlelekile. Inombolo yezimbobo incike ekutheni uhlobo lokugeleza kwenhlabathi nokugeleza kwamanzi. Ibhodlela kufanele lingcwatshwe phakathi kwezitshalo (mhlawumbe lapho lihlwanyelwe emhlabathini) ngentamo kuze kufike ku-15 cm ejulile. Ukunisela kwenziwa entanyeni, namanzi athululelwe ebhodleleni ngesandla noma kusuka epulazini ukuya ebhodleleni uzothambela ezimpandeni.
• Ngendlela yesibili, silungiselela ibhodlela ngale ndlela, kodwa senza izimbobo eduze kwentamo. Ibhodlela elinesihloko esinqunyiwe kufanele lingcwatshwe ngentamo phansi, ngemuva kokuqeda isembozo. Ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi, phansi okusikiwe kubuyiselwa endaweni yayo, ukuyijika. Ukugcwalisa ibhodlela ngamanzi kulokhu kulula.
• Ukunisela ngokuzenzekelayo ku-greenhouse ngezandla zabo kungalungiswa ngokulenga amabhodlela epulasitiki ezindlini eziseduze nalezi zitshalo, ukuze ungafihli umhlaba. Khona-ke amanzi avela ku-hose ayohlala efudumele elangeni. Kuphela kulesi simo, izimbobo zenziwa esihlalweni noma eduze kwentamo. Lungisa ivolumu yamanzi athululiwe ngaphandle kokubhoboza izimbobo ngokukhipha isembozo. Izimbobo ezincane zika-1-1.5 mm ngeke zivumele amanzi ukuba ashiye masinyane kakhulu.
• Izitshalo ezithinta umswakama ngezikhathi ezinkulu phakathi kokunisela zizosiza ngamabhodlela eplastiki ama-5 amalitha. Izimbobo kumele zihlatshwe kusuka eceleni kolunye ibhodlela kusukela phansi kuya entanyeni. Emdongeni ohlangothini oluphambene, nquma iwindi ukuze ugcwalise amanzi. Ibhodlela lingcwatshwa endaweni enezingqimba ngamabhogo phansi bese iwindi.

Ukuzisela ngokuzenzekelayo ngezandla zakho. Lolu hlelo

Uhlelo lokunisela ukuchelela ngokusebenzisa amabhodlela eplastiki lungase luqukathe izakhi eziningana eziyisisekelo, konke kuxhomeke kumthamo wokushisa kanye nenani yezitshalo.

1. Umgqomo noma ithangi lamanzi, okungcono kumnyama.
2. I-crane.
3. Ikamelo lokuthambisa.
4. Izixhumanisi ezixhuma (ezitholakala ngaphansi komhlaba noma ngaphezulu).
5. Abahlinzeki bamabhodlela epulasitiki abangaphansi komhlaba phakathi kwezitshalo.

Amanzi asuka ngokuzenzakalelayo esuka kumbhobho wamanzi noma kusuka emgqonyeni angene ekamelweni lokuthambisa, bese egeleza emigodini yamaplastiki, ehlinzeka ngokuzithengisa ngokushisa. Ngezandla zabo siqu uhlelo lohlelo olunjalo lokunisela luphindaphinda ngokushesha. Esikhundleni sabanikezeli bamapayipi, ungasebenzisa isitsha sokuphuza ebhodleleni lepulasitiki phezulu bese ungcwatshwa phansi phansi umphakeli onomgodi.

Indlela yokufaka isistimu yokunisela okuzenzakalelayo?

• Okokuqala, kuzodingeka ukuthi udwebe uhlelo lwesayithi ngemibhede kanye nenani yezitshalo okumele kwenziwe ngokuzenzekelayo ngezandla zabo ezivela ebhodleleni leplastiki. Kuloluhlelo, indawo yamapayipi, ama-hoses, ama-droppers kanye nama-valve ayeka njalo kuboniswa. Insimu esendaweni engaphansi kwe-slope izodinga ukubekwa okuphelele kwamapayipu nokugxila okugxile. Amaphuzu okuxhunyaniswa kwamapayipi adalwe ohlelweni uyovumela ukubala inani lamapulagi, amathiksi, ama-cranes kanye nezixhumi.
• Okwesibili, uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngamanzi lucatshangelwa. Ukuntuleka kombhobho wamanzi kungathathwa indawo itanki efakwe endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amabili. Ngoba amapayipi amakhulu okuhambisa amanzi asepulasitiki afaneleka kakhulu, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi nganoma yikuphi ukuhlushwa kwamanyolo. Uhlobo nomkhiqizo wezinto ezidingekayo kuzothinta izindleko eziphelele zesistimu yokunisela. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izihlungi zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile, ukuze ama-droppers kanye ne-drip hoses zingavaliwe. Izihlungi zizodinga ukuhlanzwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.
• Okwesithathu, khetha indlela yokufaka amapayipi. I-economics kakhulu ilele phansi. Uma kunesidingo, zingamiswa okwesekela, kodwa kuhle ukuba uthathe amapayipi opaque futhi ugijime ukuze amanzi angaqhakazi. Amapayipi adingekayo kumele abe nezindonga ezinzulu. Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngemuva kokuba yonke imibhede ikhiwe.
• Abalawuli begesi abanegunya lokuzimela bamandla bazosiza ukusetha ukuchelela ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuzenzekelayo ngezandla zabo ezitsheni zokushisa noma kusayithi.
• Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, uhlelo kumele luhlanjululwe. Ngalesi sizathu, ama-caps ekugcineni asusiwe futhi amanzi avunyelwe ukugijima kuze kube yilapho amanzi ecacile.

Ukunisela ngokuzenzekelayo ngesitoreji namabhodlela epulasitiki

Ukunisela ngokuzenzekelayo ku-greenhouse ngezandla zabo kulula ukusetha ngesisekelo se-scheme elula futhi engabizi.

1. Amathangi amanzi ngamathonti.
2. Umshayeli owenziwe kusuka e-canister, efakwe ekhoneni.
3. Ukuxhaswa, okungahle kube njengobhontshisi noma ibhodlela lepulasitiki.
4. Isizinda lapho umbhoshongo kanye ne-accumulator zihleliwe khona.
5. Usekela i-drive esekelwe.
6. Ukudonsa ipayipi ngemigodi.
7. I-Counterweight.

Amanitha angama-5 amalitha ahle njengempahla yesikhwama sekusasa nokugcina. Ukwenza lokhu, usike izingxenye zawo ezingenhla ekhoneni elifunayo. Umthamo wesitoreji uphinde ufakwe engxenyeni, kufakwe ebhodini lezinkuni, ngakolunye uhlangothi lomshayeli esiwunamathele. Ngesisekelo sezinqamuleli ezihleliwe nomngcele. Umshayeli uzojikeleza kwi-axis ukusuka kwesinye isitjhi ukuya kwenye. Umgodi we-funnel uxhumeke kumbhobho wokunisela.

I-hose-hose esuka emahoreni

Ukunisela ngokuzenzekelayo kwe-greenhouse ngezandla zabo kungenziwa ngenye indlela. Isifunda siyoba nepompo kanye nokuhamba. I-automation kumele ivule ipompi ngesikhathi esifanayo. I-hose yerabhabha kumele yenziwe ngotshani oshisayo kuma-angles ahlukene ngokusebenzisa imigodi ngokusebenzisa i-hose engu-30-35 cm enezimbobo ezibekwe ngaphakathi kokushisa futhi zixhunywe epompo. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izimbobo azigciniwe, ungakwazi ukwelula i-hose kumabhodi noma kwifilimu.

Imithetho yokunisela

Ukuchelela ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-greenhouse ngezandla zabo, izithombe kanye namashadi okulula ukuthola, kusindisa isikhathi esiningi. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokunisela okuzenzekelayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela imithetho yokunisela yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo.

• Ukuchelela okuningi (1, izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku) kungcono ukuvama njalo, kodwa okungabalulekile, okulimaza kakhulu izitshalo esimweni sezulu esibucayi. Ngokwesilinganiso, amalitha ayisishiyagalolunye amanzi ashiywe ohlelweni lokunisela uyokhipha inhlabathi engamamitha ayi-10 cm kuya ku-1 m ^2. Umthamo oyinhloko wezimpande usezingeni elingaphansi kwama-20-25 cm, okusho ukuthi kudingeke ukuthi amalitha angu-25 kuya ku-1 m ² adle inhlabathi ezimpandeni.
• Izinkambiso zokunisela zenziwa ngokuya kokubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Isibonelo, inhlabathi elula futhi enesihlabathi idinga ukuchelela okuphindaphindiwe kunomhlabathi ocacile futhi obuningi kakhulu. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho ngaso sonke isikhathi bacabangela ukujula kokuvela kwezimpande.
• Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, imifino iphuziswa ngesikhathi esithile, kucatshangelwa izinkambiso. Inkathi yokukhula okujulile kuze kube phakathi nohlobo kufanele ihambisane nokuchelela okuningi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo phakathi nalesi sikhathi kuzoxhomekeka ekutholakaleni kwamanzi. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, umswakama owedlulele ophikisanayo uyingozi.
• Okubalulekile ukushisa kwamanzi, kunconywa ama-10-12 degrees, kodwa hhayi okuphansi. Ukungafani okuphambene phakathi kwamazinga okushisa komhlabathi ongenhla wemhlabathi namanzi kuyingozi ezitshalweni. Amanzi e-Ice ayokwenza buthakathaka izithombo, ebangele ukwethuka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungabi namanzi ngqo emthonjeni noma emthonjeni, kodwa sebenzisa amanzi amathangi okugcina.
• Ukuze udale ukucindezela, itanki itholakala ngaphezu komhlaba ngokuphakama kufika kumamitha amathathu. Uma ingcindezi inganele ukusebenzisa ama-sprinklers, ungafaka ipompo. Amanzi akhishwe ama-sprinklers ngaphansi kwengcindezi, inesikhathi sokufudumala, ngenkathi efinyelela emhlabathini.
• Uma umhlabathi ubonakala unomdaka, kunzima ukubona ukuthi ukuchelela kuyadingeka yini. Indlela elula izosiza: ukumba imbobo kuze kufike ku-30 cm ejulile embhedeni, uma inhlabathi ingasetshenzisiwe noma isomisiwe ekujuleni okunikeziwe, kusho ukuchelela.

Isiphetho

Beka ukuzakhela okuzenzekelayo ku-abamba ukushisa ngezandla zakho kusuka amabhodlela epulasitiki kulula. Inzuzo yale ndlela yokuchelela inomsoco okwanele wezitshalo ngokusetshenziswa kwamanzi amancane. Ubuso obomile bomhlabathi ngesikhathi sokunisela okukhulu kuzokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokhula, ukubola kanye nesibungulu. Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo, akukho ukwakhiwa okwakhiwe futhi akudingeki ukuba ukhulule umhlabathi.