Ukusika imodi lapho turning: izakhi kanye nomqondo ahlabayo

Enye yezindlela yokwelashwa Amatebhe of izinsimbi Osusa. Nge wazithwala roughing futhi kufanelekile yokuqedela ngesikhathi enza noma ukulungisa izingxenye. Inqubo nokwenza enempumelelo izinga kufezwa ngokusebenzisa Ukukhetha okunengqondo ukusika izimo.

inqubo Izici

Ukuvula yokuqedela wenziwa ku imishini ekhethekile nge amazinyo. The main lokuphotha ukunyakaza abathola isahlulelo, okuvumela ukujikeleza into ogibele kuso. Okuphakelayo ukunyakaza uzibophezele ithuluzi kuxhunywe ukwesekwa.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu imisebenzi ejwayelekile zihlanganisa mechanical isikhunta kokuphenduka, isidina, machining kude kanye anemifantu, ilungiswe futhi ukuzisika, ukubulawa ngentambo. Ngamunye wabo kuhambisana elihambisana nokuhamba imishini elikhiqizayo: bushing futhi refractory, okwenyanga, ishizolo, Amaphuzu, ukusika nentambo bezihlahla. uhlobo imishini ehlukahlukene Ungasingatha izinto ezincane nezinkulu kakhulu, evele kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle, Planar futhi preform ngakuthathu.

izakhi Basic izindlela

ukusika modi turning - iqoqo kwemigomo ithuluzi umshini, enqophe Imiphumela elilungile. Lezi zinto zihlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo: ukujula, iphimbo, isivinini kanye nesivinini uthi lokuphotha.

Ukujula - ukushuba metal umsiki esikhiphekayo ngoba pass eyodwa (t, mm). It kuncike isethi kwemigomo nobumsulwa maholoholo ezifanele. Lapho kokuphenduka anolaka t = 0,5-2 mm, saqeda - t = 0,1-0,5 mm.

Okuphakelayo - ibanga ithuluzi longitudinal noma transverse isiqondiso ngokuhlobene waqonda uguquko workpiece (S, mm / rev). nemingcele ezibalulekile ngenxa yokuzimisela yayo kuyizici Jomethri and qualitative of ithuluzi kokuphenduka.

isivinini Uthi lokuphotha - isibalo ematfuba eksisi eyinhloko, esizolokhu workpiece, kwenziwe phezu isikhathi (n, v / c).

Speed - ububanzi ukudlula endaweni yesibili ifaniswe ukujula kusengaphambili futhi izinga olunikezwa imvamisa (v, m / s).

Amandla kokuphenduka - sibalo amandla washisa (P, H).

Imvamisa, isivinini namandla - esibaluleke ezihlobene ukusika izimo ngokuyeka, esibekela imingcele kanye nokwenza kahle ukuqeda into ethize, futhi ijubane wonke umshini.

idatha kokuqala

Kusuka izinhlelo ngokombono inqubo ukuvula kungabhekwa njengokuvikela luhlelo loluvumelanako izakhi kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zihlanganisa: lathe ithuluzi, workpiece, isici abantu. Ngakho, uhlu izici ezithonya nekusebenta kweluhlelo. Ngamunye wabo kunakwe lapho kubalulekile ukubala izimo cutting for turning:

• Izimfanelo parametric imishini, emandla akhe, uhlobo lokuphotha Ukujikeleza lokulawula (stepwise noma stepless).
• Indlela nokubopha preform (ngokusebenzisa chuck, le chuck nokuphumula yayikhona intuthuko engatheni, lunettes amabili).
• Izakhiwo kanye mechanical kwensimbi ngayo. Kususelwa conductivity ezishisayo yayo, ubulukhuni futhi amandla, uhlobo ezivezwa chip kanye nesimo ukuziphatha bayo uma buqhathaniswa yokusungula.
• izici Jomethri nalabo mechanical ithuluzi: izilinganiso engeli, umnikazi, engaba ngesikhathi sokudlondlobala, ubukhulu, uhlobo nendwangu elidlula nge okuhambisanayo ukushisa umthamo kanye conductivity ezishisayo, ubunzima, ubulukhuni, amandla.
• Defined ebusweni nemingcele, kuhlanganise maholoholo yayo futhi izinga.

Uma zonke izici uhlelo kubhekwe futhi enomqondo ibalwa, kuba nokwenzeka ukukhulisa ukusebenza imisebenzi yayo.

Isimo sokunquma esebenza turning

Izingxenye ekhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa turning izingxenye ngombala ngokuvamile izindlela wemfanelo. Izidingo zifeziwe, kubhekelwa zindlela akhawunti ezintathu zezinhlayiya eziyisisekelo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nokukhulisa ukusebenza ngamunye wabo.

• Ukuhambisana nale mpahla umsiki ugaye into.
• Ukuthuthukisa phakathi okuphakelayo, isivinini nokuphakama nokujula, umkhiqizo esiphezulu nekhwalithi kuphela: Minimal maholoholo ngokunemba isikhunta, mahhala kusuka zamehlo.
• Izindleko ubuncane kwezinsiza.

Inqubo kuhlaziywa kwezimo ukusika lapho turning Kwenziwa ngobuciko eliphezulu. Kukhona izinhlelo eziningana ezahlukene.

izindlela kuhlaziywa

Njengoba sekushiwo, imodi ahlabayo ngu kokuphenduka kudinga ikhumbula inqwaba yezinto ezahlukene kanye nemingcele. Ngo ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa kukhona izingqondo esayensi aye aba nobuhlobo izinhlelo eziningana yakhelwe ukubala izimo ahlabayo elikhulu izakhi kwezimiso ezehlukene:

• Mathematics. Kusho ukubala okunembile amafomula enokwehla ekhona.
• Graphic-kohlaziyo. Inhlanganisela amasu zezibalo kanye sokuqhafaza.
• Ithebula. Kukhethwa amagugu elihambisana izimo yokusebenza esibekiwe, amatafula ekhethekile eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• Machine. Ukusebenzisa software.

Khetha usonkontileka esifaneleka kunazo zonke, kuye ngokuthi imisebenzi kanye nenqubo mass ukukhiqizwa.

indlela zezibalo

Analytically ibalwa ukusika izimo lapho turning. Amafomula zikhona eziyinkimbinkimbi ucishe. Kukhethwa uhlelo kunqunywa izici futhi ukunemba okunjalo ngemiphumela futhi ukwehluleka ubuchwepheshe uqobo.

Ukujula ibalwa njengoba umehluko phakathi ukujiya workpiece ngaphambi (D) nangemva (d) ukucubungula. Emisebenzini longitudinal: t = (D - d): 2; futhi transverse: t = D - d.

okuphakelayo kuchazwe izigaba Esamukeleka:

• izibalo, okunikeza kudingekile kwamanzi izinga, S _Cher;
• ukusuthisa ithuluzi uma sicabangela izici, S _p;
• Inani ukuthi ucabangela izici akhawunti ye yasibamba izingxenye, S _lufakwa.

inombolo ngayinye ibalwe ifomula. Njengoba okuphakelayo langempela kuyakhethwa kusukela etholwe S. kulencane Kukhona generalizes ifomula ikhumbula geometry ka wokusika, a izidingo ukujula kusengaphambili futhi izinga sokuphenduka.

• _{^{S = (C s * R y}} * r u): (t x * φ Z2), mm / rev;
• lapho C _s - incazelo parametric leyo nto;
• R ^y - predetermined maholoholo, micrometer;
• r ^u - engaba ngesikhathi sokudlondlobala ithuluzi kokuphenduka, mm;
• t ^x - turning ukujula, mm;
• φ ^z - isihloko engela umsiki.

High-speed lokuphotha Ukujikeleza imingcele zidingidwa ubudlelwano ahlukahlukene. Omunye eyisisekelo kunazo zonke:

_{v = (C v * K v} ): (T m * t x * S y), m / imiz, lapho

• C _v - Coefficient eziyinkimbinkimbi kufinyeta izinto ezibonakalayo, umsiki, izimo inqubo;
• K _v - Isici ezengeziwe esibonisa izici ukuvula;
• T ^m - ithuluzi lokuphila, imiz;
• t ^x - ahlabayo ukujula, mm;
• S ^y - feed, mm / rev.

Ngamagama lula, futhi ukuze lungeneke izibalo, izinga turning workpiece kungaba azimisele:

V = (π * D * n): 1000 m / imiz, lapho

• n - ijubane uthi lokuphotha, rev / imiz.

Ezisetshenzisiwe amandla imishini:

N = (P * v): (60 * 100), KW lapho

• lapho P - ukusika amandla, H;
• v - isivinini, m / imiz.

Indlela ngenhla kakhulu isikhathi. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene amafomula yinkimbinkimbi ezahlukene. Okuningi kunzima ngokuvamile ukukhetha ilungelo ukubala izimo cutting for turning. Isibonelo enemisebenzi kakhulu babo kunikezwa lapha.

indlela yethebula

Ingqikithi le ndlela wukuthi izinkomba izakhi zokulawula kukhona kumathebula ngokuhambisana idatha yoqobo. Kukhona uhlu lwemibhalo lapho amazinga okuphakelayo akhonjiswa njengezimpawu umsebenzi izici parametric ithuluzi kanye workpiece, ithuluzi geometry kuchazwa kobuso izinga izinkomba. Kukhona ezinye amazinga ukuthi singamelana nalobo a imikhawulo eliphelele elivumelekile wempahla ezahlukene. Ukuqala nezici ezazidingeka ukuze ukubala ijubane, futhi amatafula ekhethekile.

Le nqubo ibizwa esetshenziswa ngokwehlukana noma kanyekanye ne ukuhlaziywa. Kuyinto elula futhi kunembile ekusebenziseni ekukhiqizeni elula uchungechunge izingxenye e workshop ngamunye kanye ekhaya. It ikuvumela ukuba usebenze amagugu digital nge ngomzamo kanye kwegciwane.

izindlela Graphic-sicubungule umshini

indlela sokuqhafaza kuyinto inkampani futhi kusekelwe izibalo ezithile. Imiphumela kubalwa abekwa innings lapho rascherchivayut umugqa futhi umshini ithuluzi futhi izakhi ezengeziwe kunqunywa kuye. Le ndlela - inqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi nzima kakhulu, okuyinto engafanele ekukhiqizweni.

Umshini indlela - inketho olunembile futhi ifinyeleleke abanolwazi futhi imfundamakhwela turner, eklanyelwe ukubala izimo cutting for turning. Lolu hlelo luhlinzeka amagugu olunembile kakhulu ngokuhambisana ecacisiwe idatha engumthombo. Kufanele zihlanganisa:

• I okuza esibonisa indaba ka workpiece.
• Izinkomba elihambisana izici metal ithuluzi.
• Amapharamitha e-Jomethri amathuluzi turning.
• Incazelo kwamanani umshini futhi kusho ukulungisa kwalo workpiece.
• izakhiwo parametric into ngayo.

Kungase kuphakame izinkinga ngesinyathelo incazelo kwamanani idatha yoqobo. Kahle ukubeka kubo, ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuthola ukubala esibanzi futhi enembile nezimo cutting for turning. Uhlelo kungase kuhilele nephutha, kodwa yizona ezibalulekile kunentando at ibhukwana samuntu zezibalo.

ukusika imodi lapho ukuvula - obalulekile design isici inquma ngemiphumela yako. Kanyekanye izakhi futhi amathuluzi akhethiwe Ukupholisa kanye zokugcoba. Ukukhetha Okugcwele okunengqondo eyinkimbinkimbi - inkomba yokuthi ochwepheshe wazibonela noma kanzima.