Ukushisa-kwehlisa izintambo: ubukhulu, izici, uhlelo lokusebenza. Ukushisa Ukunciphisa Ukubhebha

I-wiring kufanele iphephile. Lesi esinye sezimo eziyinhloko zokusebenza kwayo.

Endaweni yokuxhumeka, xhumana nokuphazanyiswa, ukushisa noma ngisho nokushisa komlilo kwenzeka njalo. Ngakho-ke, kulawa maphuzu ukuthi ukugxeka okuthembekile kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwethembeka kunganikeza ukugxiliswa kwezintambo ngokushisa okushisa. Lolu hlobo lokuvikelwa lunenzuzo eningi ngokuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo zokufakelwa kwamakhemikhali.

Iyini ithanga lokushisa lokushisa

Tshisa ithubhu (TUT) - ithubhu elincane elenziwe ngamapulangwe, elikwazi ukwehlisa ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu, ngaphandle kokuphulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. I-tube enjalo eye ithole ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ngabadwebi basekhaya.

Ukushisa-fiphaza izintambo, ubukhulu obungashintsha kakhulu lapho kufuthekile, kuhle ukuthi kuqinile, ngaphandle kwe-voids, kufanelana nendawo yokuxhuma kwezakhi zamagatsha kagesi, akudingi ukukhupha okungadingekile, njengetayipi evamile yokuvimba. Nokho, lokhu akusona kuphela inzuzo yamapayipi akhiqizwa ngezinto zokwenza amapolisi.

Izinzuzo zokushisa ukushisa

Ukubhebhetheka okushisa okushisa, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokufakelwa kwezingcingo ezihamba phambili, kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa.

Okokuqala, uma ihambisana ne-snugly, ayishintshi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathonya anomshini. Okwesibili, kufakwe kalula nje. Okwesibili, emva kokukhipha, i-tube impahla iba namandla, inikeze ukuzinza okunye okunamandla nokuqina kokuxhumana kwezintambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igcina izakhiwo isikhathi eside ngokwanele, isikhathi eside kakhulu kune-tape efanayo.

Ukungahleleki kokushisa kokushisa

Impendulo kuphela yokushisa ukushisa kwezingcingo ezinobukhulu obukhulu obuguqukayo uma ukufutheka kungenakuguqulwa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuphinda usetshenziswe ngemuva kokuqedwa, ngoba ngeke kususwe ngaphandle kokulimala.

Izindleko zokushisa okushisa okushisa ziphakeme ngaphezu kwentengo ye-tape evamile kagesi, kodwa hhayi ngokwanele ukuba kube yisici esinqumayo ekukhetheni impahla yokuvikela.

Okunye ukwehluleka okukhona kungenzeka, kunalokho, ukwehluleka komenzi othile.

Sishisa Izakhiwo Zokushisa

Impahla eyinhloko yesikhumbi, esinquma ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ikhono, ngokushintsha ububanzi nobukhulu, ukuvumelanisa ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu ku-80-120 ° C. Amapayipi, okushisa kwawo okushisa okuqala okungekho ngaphezu kwe-70 ° C, asetshenziswa kumshaneli we-omsakazo.

Ibhuloho elishisa ukushisa lihlukile futhi kunezinga elihlukahlukene lokushisa okusebenzayo kusuka ku--45 ° C kuya ku-125 ° C. Kukhona izinto ezinokushisa okusebenzayo nakakhulu, kuze kube ngu-135 ° C. Zisetshenziswa embonini yezimoto ukuze zihlukanise uxhumano oluseduze nenjini.

Umbala ojwayelekile unomnyama, ongewona ojwayelekile - obomvu, obuluhlaza, obomvu, ophuzi, omhlophe. Ithuluzi elibonakalayo elishisayo elisebenza ngokushisa lisetshenziswe ezindaweni lapho kudingeka khona ukugcina isimo soxhumano.

Izici Eziyinhloko

Kuye ngezici ze-polymeri, ikhono lokuhlehlisa, elibhekene nokukhwashisa kwezingcingo, lishintsha futhi. Ubukhulu be-tube bunganciphisa isigamu noma izikhathi eziyisithupha. I-shrinkage factor ihlukahluka kakhulu kusuka ku-2: 1 kuya ku-6: 1.

Esinye isici ukutholakala kwendwangu yokunamathisela. I-sleeve ye-shrink isetshenziswe ezimweni lapho izingxube zokuxhumana zidinga ukuqinisekiswa khona, zivikele emanzini ekukhunjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokushisa oshisayo ophezulu wangaphakathi kwebhubhisi uhlinzeka amandla engeziwe.

Ubunjwayela i-tube ye-shrink nokumelana nomsakazo wokukhanya nokuhlukumeza. Lezi zinto zingaba ukumelana namakhemikhali noma amafutha namafutha, ukukhanya okumile (ukumelana nemisebe ye-ultraviolet) noma nomphumela we-photoluminescence.

Kunezilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlukene zokusika nokubunjwa kwe-polymer. Zenziwe nge-PVC, i-polyolefins, i-elastomers nezinye izinto zokwakha, lapho kuxhomeke khona ukumelana nesenzo semisebe ye-ultraviolet noma yomlilo, izakhiwo zomshini nezixazululo zombala.

Ngezidingo ezihlukene zokuxhumana, amashubhu anezici ezifanayo angenziwa, kokubili ngombala omnyama nopolyolefin obala. Isixazululo sombala siyisici sokushisa ukushisa kwezintambo.

Ububanzi besicelo

I-tube ye-shrink (TUT) ayikwazi ukusiza kuphela ukuhlukanisa izingcingo zesifunda kagesi, nakuba lokhu kuyinjongo yayo eyinhloko.

Ibeka uphawu futhi ivikele ukungena komswakama, ukushisa kwamakhemikhali, ukungcola kanye nemithonya yemishini. Ithebhu ivikela izintambo kusuka ekudonsheni futhi ivikela izindawo zezinkinobho.

Ingakwazi ukubuyisela ukulimala okulimazayo kanye nomgqa wezintambo nezintambo, bese uxhuma amathrekhi.

Ukushisa i-tubing ebonakalayo, ubukhulu obukuvumela ukufaka indandatho encane ehlukaniswe kuyo ngezintambo zanoma yikuphi ukuqina, kwenziwa enombolweni enkulu yezixazululo zombala, ngakho-ke kulula ukumaka. Isibonelo, ucezu lwesibhakabhaka obomvu lufakwa ekupheleni kwetambo phezu kwesendlalelo sokuvimba, futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi "plus" esiteshini se-DC kagesi. Ngaphansi kokuthi "unciphisa" indandatho emnyama ifakiwe, emhlabathini - ophuzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, esigabeni sesigaba sesithathu sezigaba ezihambelanayo - obomvu, ophuzi nohlaza.

I-tubing encane ekhanda ukushisa, ephikisana nokushisa okuphezulu okusebenzayo, ilula ukulungisa inethiwekhi yombane ongekho emotweni, ukufaka ama-alamu, imisakazo yemoto kanye nezinhlelo ze-acoustic.

Ama-tubes ahlukahlukeneko wezinto zokwenziwa kwe-polymeric asetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, kanye nokulungiswa kwemishini yamakhaya kanye ne-wiring kagesi.

Ubukhulu bezilimo eziyizigaxa

Bonke abakhiqizi babhala imikhiqizo yabo. Ipharamitha eliyinhloko okuyinto noma yiliphi i-tube yokuphuza ehluke yi-diameter ngaphambi nangemva kokukhishwa.

Ngokuvamile ububanzi bangaphakathi bubekwe kuqala ngaphambi kokuguqulwa, futhi ngechungechunge - noma ububanzi noma i-coefficient engabalwa ngayo. Okuvame kakhulu ukulinganisa okujwayelekile kwe-2: 1.

Abakhiqizi base-Asia nabaseRussia bakhiqiza amashubhu ane-multiple mm 0.5 noma 1 mm ububanzi. Abakhiqizi baseYurophu, nokho, babonisa amamitha ngamasentimitha, ngakho-ke uma bephindwa kabusha, isibonelo, 1.6 mm noma 4.8 mm uthola.

Uma ama-tubes amabili e-diameter afanayo afaneleka, kufanele kuphakanyiswe enkulu.

I-tubing ekhanyisa ukushisa ingathengiswa ngokukhipha imitha eyodwa noma, okuyinto engathandeki ekusebenziseni ikhaya, emafutheni angu-25,50,100 namamitha angaphezulu.

Izinhlobo zokushisa zinciphisa amashubhu

Ububanzi ngaphambi nangemva kwe-shrinkage nobude akuzona zonke izilinganiso ze-geometri ezibonisa ithanga lokushisa lokushisa. Ubukhulu bayo buhlanganisa ubukhulu ngaphambi nangemva kokushisa.

Ubuningi be-tube bungahlukana ngezigaba ezimbili:

- Izindwangu ezinamathele, ogqinsiwe odongeni emva kwe-shrinkage aludluli 1 mm. Zithandwa kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwekhaya. Ama-tubes ambala, amnyama futhi avulekile ngaphandle kwe-adhesive layer (shrinkage ratio kusuka ku-2: 1 kuya ku-4: 1) ayetshenziselwa ukukhipha i-wire kuphela, kodwa futhi nokumaka. Njengomthetho, banokushisa okushisa, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, ukukhuphuka ukukhanya kwelanga nokuqeda ukushisa.

- I-glue enezigxobo ezinamazinga aphakathi nendawo, ubukhulu bezindonga ngemva kokuqothula kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-4.5 mm (ukuguqulwa kwesilinganiso kusuka ku-2: 1 kuya ku-6: 1) isetshenziselwa ukufaka uphawu nokuvikelwa emithonjeni yomswakama ngokuhlukana okukhulu kwamadayimitha, izintambo eziphakeme zamandla, ukuvikelwa kusuka Ukonakala kwamalungu oxhumana nabo kagesi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngamapayipi ensimbi, ukuvalwa uphawu kokuxhumana.

Izici zemizimba

Njengoba umsebenzi oyinhloko okumele ukwenziwa yi-tube ye-shrink kumele ukhiqize ugesi, isici esiyinhloko amandla ayo e-dielectric, okumele kube okungenani ama-20 kV / mm. Izici zamandla nezikhwepha zalokhu kubalulekile futhi. Amandla okuphuka akufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-1.0 kgf / sq. Mm (9.81 MPa), futhi ukuphakama akusi ngaphansi kuka-200%. Isiteji esiphezulu kakhulu ukushisa ukushisa kwezintambo, ubukhulu obunciphisa ngokushisa izikhathi eziyisithupha, amandla akhe okuphuka kakade kakade kuka-14.5 MPa.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukunciphisa ama-tubes kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kwamalungu, ngakho-ke esinye isici esibalulekile ukukhishwa kwamanzi okulingana. Akufanele kudlule u-0.2%.

Ilungiselela ukufakwa

Inqubo ayidingi ithuluzi elikhethekile. Udinga ummese obukhali noma isisindo ukusika izingcezu ezifunayo zepayipi ngaphandle kwe-burrs nanoma iyiphi idivayisi yokushisa ithubhu. Isomisi sezinwele zezimboni sisebenzisa ama-electrician ochwepheshe abamba inqwaba yokuxhumana. I-wizard yasekhaya ingaphatha kahle ukushisa kwegesi noma ukukhanya okujwayelekile, ilangabi elaneleyo ukushisa ukushisa ukushisa kwezintambo.

Ubuningi bokubamba bunzima kakhulu. Ububanzi bokuqala kubalulekile ukuze ubeke ithubhu ekuxhumaneni kwezintambo ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. I-factor shrinkage noma ububanzi bokugcina, okufanele bube ngaphansi kwezinga elihlanganisiwe, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina nokuvikelwa okuthembekile.

Futhi ukukhishwa okungaphezulu, okungukuthi, ukuphakama kwe-coefficient, ukukhululeka kwe-tube, futhi ngenxa yalokho amandla ayo emva kokushisa.

Ukuphakama kokushisa kwehlisa

Ngakho-ke, ngezakhiwo nobukhulu, ithanga elifanele elincane elibhebhethekile elikhethiwe likhethiwe. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukugxilisa izintambo? Okokuqala, udinga ukusika ucezu ukuze ugqoke ubude besigaba, okumele kusetshenziswe nge-allowance for shrinkage longitudinal uma ushisa. I-5-10% futhi iboniswa ngumenzi. Ukusikeka kanye nesibhakabhaka se-tube ehlanjululwe akufanele kube ne-burrs kanye nomonakalo ojulile, ngakho-ke ukwaziswa akuwa ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu.

Okokuqala, i-tube ifakwa efeni, khona-ke ukuxhunyaniswa kwenziwa, okuzofakwa kuso. Ngemuva kwaloko, usuke uphethwe kusuka komunye umkhawulo kuya kwesinye ukuze kungabikho ukujula okukhulu kwe-longitudinal, noma kusukela phakathi kuya emaphethelweni, uma indawo yanele ngokwanele.

Awukwazi ukufudumala ithubhu ngesikhathi esisodwa kusuka emaphethelweni amabili - ngaphansi kwalo kungase kube khona amabhubhu e-air, engathandeki, kanye nemibimbi ebusweni.

Ukufudumala ithubhu ngokulinganayo, uqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukushisa, ukushayela, izinyembezi noma ama-bubbles phezulu.

Ukushisa kanye nesilinganiso sokushisa kunqunywe ukuhlolwa. Akudingekile ukusheshisa, ikakhulukazi uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho kwemisebenzi efanayo. Kuphakeme kakhulu izinga lokushisa noma izinga lokushisa kungaholela emshadweni.

Umsebenzi omude omncane wenziwa uma ishubhu esishisa ukushisa sidingeka ngezimo zokusebenza. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukufaka uphawu? Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa izintambo ezihlanganisiwe noma imikhiqizo: hlaziya emaphethelweni abukhali, ahlanzekile futhi ahlaziyeke, njengokungathi gluing evamile, ubuso. Ibhubhu ihlale ifuthe kusuka phakathi kuya emaphethelweni.

Nciphisa amanani we-tube

Akunakwenzeka ukubiza uhla lwamanani athile. I-tube ethinteka kakhulu ehluthayo, intengo yayo ingama-ruble amancane ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu , ngokuvamile i-tube emincane emincane 2 mm ububanzi, isilinganiso se-shrinkage esingama-2: 1 nobukhulu bodonga ngu-0.6 mm, wesiqalo saseRussia noma isiShayina.

Amanani ancike kumakhi, ubukhulu, ubukhona bendatshana yokunamathisela, umbala, nezinye izakhiwo ezengeziwe.

I-wall-thickened shrink izintambo ezilinganiselwa ku-230 × 4.8 mm, ne-layer yokunamathisela, ene-shrinkage factor 6: 1, umbala omnyama kusuka kumkhiqizi waseJalimane u-ACS ogama lomhlaba jikelele libiza okungaphezu kuka-160 euro ngemitha eyodwa.

Akunzima ukufunda ukufaka ithanga lokushisa elishisayo ekhaya. Ingavikela ngokuthembekile ukuxhumeka kwentambo, indawo ye-terminals nezinye izakhi. Kodwa ungasebenzisa lezi zinto ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, nje ngokwanele ukuze ucabange. Isibonelo, ukuphetha kokuhlobisa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi, ama-roller rubberizing noma izimbobo zokuvala ngesikhathi sokulungisa.