I-Polyester. Uhlobo luni lwezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi kuyini ukusetshenziswa kwalo

Ngalezo zikhathi lapho ama-polymers ahlukahlukene kanye nama-plastiki aqala ukusungulwa ngokugcwele empilweni yansuku zonke, kubonakala sengathi ngabantu bazokwazi ukuxazulula cishe yonke imisebenzi engaphezu kwemithombo yemvelo. Ukuzijabulisa okunjalo kwesayensi nesayensi-amakhemikhali kwavela ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, kuze kube yilapho isintu sikholelwa ukuthi ukotini, ifilakisi noma uboya bezingubo, ezimweni eziningi, zingcono kunanoma yiziphi izinto zokwenza izinto. Kodwa-ke, la mashumi eminyaka awazange abe yize, izimfanelo eziningi eziwusizo futhi eziwusizo zama polymers zakha izimo zokusebenza kwazo kabanzi ezindaweni eziningi zomsebenzi womuntu.

Enye yezinto ezijwayelekile kakhulu zokwenziwa zokwenziwa yi-polyester. Iyini le mkhiqizo, yimiphi imikhiqizo esetshenziswa manje? Ukuze uphendule le mibuzo, uqale udinge ukuqonda izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nama mechanical yale polymer.

Njengoba impahla ye-polyester iyinhlangano ye-polyesters enezimo eziningi. Ekuqalisweni kwalesi polymer, kuvela izibopho eziqinile, okwenza kube namandla kakhulu. Njengoba isetshenziselwa izingubo, lokhu kusho ukumelana nokuphakama nokukhwabanisa okukhulu. Ingabe kuhle? Yiqiniso, kwezinye izinto zangasese lezi zimfanelo zivele zingenakwenzeka, kanye nokukwazi ukumelana nomswakama. Kodwa konke kunecala eliphambene. Ukunciphisa okuncane nokuqina kwalokhu kuyenzeka kungenzeki kahle ngokuqondene nesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma nge-polyester, ukuthi yindwangu engenamsebenzi yokwenza izingubo, indawo nje yesicelo sayo sinciphile.

Emazweni ahlukene kunamagama ahlukahlukene ahwebo, okusho ukuthi i-polyester. Ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kungahlanganiswa, isibonelo: "uboya 65%, i-lavsan 35%". Leli gama liwukuthi, ekubonweni kokuqala, kwelinye izwe, eqinisweni yisifingqo lapho iSikhungo Sosayensi kuyi-Academy of Sciences, futhi izinhlamvu "L", "A" no "B" zisho i-laboratory yamakhemikhali aphezulu. E-US, lokhu kukhishwa kukhiqizwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "dacron".

Ngobuchwepheshe, leli polisi lisetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yezindawo zayo ezikhethekile. Isibonelo, i-100% i-polyester isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokupakisha ezidinga amandla amakhulu. Ziyini lezi zakhiwo? Amandla okubopha ama-bales, ayenamandla okuqondisa lapho ephoqelelwe, aphansi kancane kancane ekumeni kwe-tape yensimbi kuze kube sekupheleni, kanti i-polymer ilula kakhulu, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, eshibhile kune-iron. Amandla wezintambo ze-polyester enza ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuleso simo uma umcibisholo kufanele ube othembekile kakhulu, futhi izintambo eziboshwe kuzo zingakwazi ukubhekana nemithwalo enkulu kakhulu.

Embonini yezwe yezindiza kanye nokuklama kwezimoto kule minyaka eyishumi eyedlule, kuye kwaba nokukhulisa okusebenzayo kobubanzi bezinto ezihlanganisiwe zepolymer. Noma yiyiphi ingxenye, ekwakhiweni kwayo okusetshenziselwa esikhundleni seplastiki yasezindaweni zasemakhaya, kunciphisa isisindo futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokushisa. Ukuhamba kwezempi, leli polyester linomunye umkhiqizo obalulekile: ososayensi baye basungula, ngokuhlola i-polyester, ukuthi lokhu kuyizinto ezithinta umsakazo. Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuba wenze i-radome fairings kuyo, futhi isici sezindiza siyabonakala kangako esimisweni sezindiza sokuzivikela kwesitha esingenzeka.