Ukuqokwa impesheni: inqubo, ikakhulukazi ukubala kanye nemithetho

ukubaluleka okukhulu asebekhulile eRussia udlala impesheni. Namuhla kuzodingeka ngilungise indlela ukunquma usayizi umthetho yesibonelelo sikahulumeni sabantu engibathandayo ikhishwe nokuthi lokhu kuzodinga. Kwenziwe kabusha impesheni kuhilelani izinguquko ezithile. Mayelana nabo asazi wonke umuntu. Ngakho lokho izici kuyodingeka ukunaka bonke umhlalaphansi esizayo futhi wamanje?

Pension - ke

Ngokwesibonelo, yini impesheni ngokomthetho. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi hlobo luni yesibonelelo sikahulumeni okukhulunywa ngakho.

Pension - inkokhelo yenyanga osayizi abathile, enqwabelene njengoba ekuphakelweni kwesive. Ukukhokhela kungenzeka ngezinhlobo eziningi. Basuke wakhiwa ngezici ezithile. On kubo Kuzoxoxwa.

Ukuqokwa impesheni kwenzeka kuphela uma ihlangabezana nemibandela ethile. Ziningi. Futhi bathembele ngqo ngokuthi uhlobo olunjani yesibonelelo sikahulumeni ehilelekile.

izinhlobo impesheni

Yiziphi kokukhokhwa kwempesheni? Kuze kube manje, umahluko elandelayo yenziwa phakathi izimpesheni in Russia:

• sokuguga;
• nokukhubazeka;
• yabasebenzi;
• osindile;
• ubudala;
• isitoreji;
• isizinda.

Ngokuvamile kusho zabasebenzi impesheni yokukhokha. Basuke wabelwe zonke izakhamuzi ngubani sifinyelele ubudala ezithile. Nokho, zonke ezinye izindlela kuxhaswa kuhulumeni futhi Okungamelwe futhi sikukhohlwe.

Ubudala nesipiliyoni

Futhi uma ungakwazi bafanelekele usizo ezinjalo ezingokwezimali? I timo letisisekelo abulawe yayo oyisakhamuzi badala futhi banokuhlangenwe nakho ukusebenza. Ukuze impesheni umuntu kumelwe usuneminyaka ethile futhi ukusebenza isibalo esithile eminyakeni. Noma kunjalo, ngo nokungabi khona kwanoma yiliphi impesheni ubudala ngeke baphelelwe ngamakhaya. Usalokhu uzokhokha impesheni. Kodwa hhayi kakhulu. Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho kamuva.

ERussia, namadoda nabesifazane bazo namuhla umhlalaphansi emazingeni ahlukene. isigamu Strong umphakathi unelungelo lokuthola lonke esasiwafanele eminyakeni engu-60. Abesifazane kodwa umhlalaphansi eminyakeni 55. Ngesikhathi esifanayo avunyelwe ukuba aqhubeke umsebenzi wakhe.

Umsebenzi nakho Russian Federation - kuyinto ukubaluleka isikhathi esithile manje landa. Ngo-2016, kwaba okudingekile ukuba asebenze hhayi ngaphansi kuka iminyaka 5. Kulokhu, ungakwazi ukuthola impesheni yomhlalaphansi. Futhi 2017 esiphansi ubude inkonzo senyuselwa eminyakeni 7.

Kufika 2025 eRussia uhlelo wokukhulisa izimfuneko impesheni. Loluhlelo kudinga okwandisa ubuncane umsebenzi isipiliyoni engu-15. Kodwa kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zikhona nezikhathi okungezona usebenza, okuyinto kuyobalwa njengokusoka umsebenzi.

nezikhathi Mayelana unearned

Yini kahle hle le esikhuluma ngayo? Ngokusho imithetho, akuyona inkinga njalo umuntu kumele asebenze futhi uthole isipiliyoni somsebenzi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ukuntuleka umsebenzi ohlelekile kungaphazamisi ngokuthola ubuncane ezidingekayo ngenjongo yesibonelelo sikahulumeni kakhulu eminyakeni yokuguga.

Ngu nezikhathi unearned, okuzokwenza kubhekwe njengendlela umsebenzi zihlanganisa:

• ukunakekelwa ngayo lapho usana;
• anakekele umuntu okhubazekile eminyakeni engu-80;
• inkonzo yezempi;
• uhlale nomyeni wakhe enkonzweni izifunda nezinkinga umsebenzi tesive
• isikhathi kokuthola sokukhubazeka yesikhashana noma abangasebenzi;
• anakekele umuntu okhubazekile e Iqembu 1;
• ukuhlala emthethweni ejele;
• isikhathi sokuhlala kwabafazi / abayeni osomaqhinga kanye abameleli phesheya.

Ngakho, kungenzeka ukuba ngenkuthalo ukusebenzisa zonke lezinkathi ubudala. Kodwa into ngayinye has izici zayo siqu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isakhamuzi lwakhiwe njengendlela umnakekeli okhubazekile, ngemuva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi, kumelwe uthole ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni. Ukuze owakwakhe bosomaqhinga futhi abameleli ubudala enqwabelene ukuphila ngaphandle Russian Federation, akumele seqe eminyakeni 5. Eminyakeni 6 ayatholakala ukunakekela abantwana kuze iminyaka 1.5 (ingqikithi 4 izingane).

Uhulumeni obiza labantu ngenkuthalo ukusebenzisa zonke izinkathi unearned ukuqinisekisa ukuthi mandla impesheni ezingeni enqunyiwe.

umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ingase ibe namahloni kokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lo mkhuba senzeka futhi ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa labantu. Ilungelo sokuqokwa ekuseni kwezimpesheni kulawulwa uMthetho Federal №400 kusukela ngoDisemba 28 2013. Yini na?

Abanye abantu ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile banelungelo lokuthola ukuphumula okufanele ngaphambi lonke izakhamuzi. Isizathu salokhu simo, kulokhu okulandelayo:

• umsebenzi eyingozi noma esindayo;
• ukusebenza engxenyeni kahulumeni (temphilo, temfundvo, inkonzo yomphakathi);
• ukusebenza njengoba abashayeli bezindiza noma uhlale phakathi abahlanganyeli nabasebenza;
• Uma isakhamuzi has isipiliyoni umsebenzi eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada nakwezinye izindawo, okulingana nalo.

Lena akuyona uhlu oluphelele. Kodwa nguye, empeleni kwenzeka kaningi kunabo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi injongo impesheni kwenzeka khona isakhamuzi okungenani 30 impesheni amaphuzu. Kwezinye izimo, ufuna ukuba embili obengeziwe umsebenzi noma usuneminyaka ethile.

izingxenye impesheni

Kuze kube manje, kokukhokhwa kwempesheni zihlanganisa 3 izingxenye eziyinhloko. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• ingxenye isizinda;
• uxhaso;
• umshwalense.

Kulezi izinkokhelo uzobe kwakhiwa ukusekela usayizi labantu yembuso. Okuchaza ngamunye wabo?

Kumila ingxenye ibizwa ngokuthi yokukhokha fixed kwezimali kucaciswe nguhulumeni. Kuyadingeka ukuba silondoloze labantu.

Ixashwa ingxenye - kungashiwo ukuthi babambe iqhaza ekwenzeni isakhamuzi yomqashi. Iqhaza Lalo Sempesheni esibhalisiwe. Unegunya ukusebenzisa iminikelo abafanele. ingxenye accumulative yesikhwama sempesheni kunqunywa ubukhulu zonke ezibanjwayo ezenziwe.

I umshwalense ingxenye impesheni - uhlobo isinxephezelo yokuziphatha okufukuzwa kulo eRussia. Lokho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi zabasebenzi. It kuncike isikhathi zomsebenzi, iholo isikhundla esinikezwe, kanye yobudala lapho kwakukhona impesheni.

On the imithetho ukubala

Kudlala indima ebalulekile, njengoba kuye kwashiwo, ukukhokhwa uhlobo zabasebenzi. Ukuqokwa yempesheni - lena ehilelekile kubaluleke kakhulu. ERussia, kwakukhona uhlelo elula kokubala inani walala izinkokhelo.

Ngokusho ukwaziswa kwamuva olunikezwa Pension Fund yeRussia, izakhamizi zikwazi ukuthola usayizi yesibonelelo sikahulumeni sabantu kanje: - nande inani lamaphuzu impesheni zanqwabelana phezu eliyingqayizivele izindleko iphuzu elilodwa. Okulandelayo, ukuze isamba okuholela ukwengeza nempesheni eziyisisekelo. Ekugcineni uthole yempesheni, aqokwe isimo.

Inkinga eyinhloko ukubala ekhona amaphuzu impesheni, kanye ukuthola ulwazi mayelana izindleko amaphuzu anjalo. Lezi zingxenye baguqulelwa ngonyaka. Ngo-2017, elinye iphuzu kuwufanele 78 ruble 28 kopecks. A isizinda wenkokhelo ruble 4805 11 amasenti. idatha okunjalo ehambisana ka-February 1, 2017.

nangenkomba

Pension ukonga eRussia ezifakwe ngonyaka. Lolu hlobo isilinganiso ukusekela abantu abakhubazekile esimweni iphila. Njengomthetho, ukukhomba Kwenziwa 2 izikhathi ngonyaka. Ukuqokwa impesheni akuphazamisi wonke eliminations zizosebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ngo-2017, indexation awuzange kwenziwa. Kunalokho impesheni yibhange eyisamba yokukhokha in inani ruble 5000. Okunjalo isilinganiso ophoqelelwe. Yena wangeniswa zinjani izimo kuleli zwe nobukhulu bale nkinga.

Awukabi ezaqedwa ngokuphelele indexation. Kungenzeka ukubala futhi. Ukubala kabusha kwezimpesheni Kwenziwa isimo. Cabanga indlela okwenziwa, akufanele.

impesheni zomphakathi

izimo impesheni isabelo nhlobonhlobo. Akubona bonke izakhamuzi ingathola umhlalaphansi kudingeka isipiliyoni somsebenzi. Kulokhu, bangathembela impesheni zomphakathi.

Kodwa-ke, kusadingeka ukuba bagcine ezinye izimo ezilula. okungukuthi:

1. Isakhamuzi kufanele abe ubuzwe we Russian Federation okungenani iminyaka engu-15. Noma yokuhlala unomphela kuleli zwe ngaphambi kokuphelelwa wathi.
2. Usuneminyaka ethile. Impesheni yezenhlalakahle lufakwa kuzo zonke izakhamuzi, kodwa ikhokhelwa kamuva ukusebenza. Abesifazane ukuthole eminyakeni engu-60, futhi amadoda - e-65.

Azikho izidingo ngaphezulu lapho. Usayizi impesheni zomphakathi akuyona njengoba eliphezulu endabeni yokukhokha zabasebenzi.

Lapho ebekwa

Yini edingekayo ukuze sithole ukwesekwa isimo lapho sebegugile? Iyini inqubo ngokunginika impesheni? Lapho ufuna ukusebenzisa ukuba babe khona impesheni?

Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi kuhambisana nemibandela ngaphambili efakwe ohlwini kumelwe uye indawo Pension Fund yeRussia, futhi ukubhala isitatimende Yokuqashwa impesheni. Wafika yenza amadokhumenti athile. Uhlu buyahluka kuye ngezinkathi isigaba isakhamuzi.

Ngokuvamile okudingekayo:

• ifomu lesicelo (ayiswe FIU, ugcwele endaweni efanayo);
• ID (ipasipoti);
• SNILS;
• imininingwane le-akhawunti ofuna ukudlulisa imali (mhlawumbe, kodwa akusho lokho ngempela);
• isitifiketi umndeni Ukwakheka (mawuthanda);
• izitifiketi zokuzalwa zonke izingane;
• Kamazisi yasebusosheni (yamadoda);
• isitifiketi ekhombisa ezithile ze-non-ukusebenza, okuyinto kuzoxoxwa njengoba umsebenzi;
• incwadi ukusebenza;
• Imibhalo eqinisekisa ukuziphatha womsebenzi ibhizinisi (uma ikhona).

Azikho zinkomba ngaphezulu kuyodingeka. Ukuqokwa kanye nokukhokhwa impesheni wenziwa emgqeni emfushane. Uhlu amaphepha adingekayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo. Ngokuvamile kubalulekile ukubeka isitifiketi yokukhubazeka.

iziphetho

Kusukela manje, kusobala, njengoba aphoyintimenti yempesheni zabasebenzi okwenzeka noma yini. Systems kokubala imihlomulo yempesheni yaziwa. ERussia eminyakeni yamuva ukubaluleka okukhulu Ukwakheka kwezitho ingxenye accumulative kwezimpesheni. Ngokuvamile izakhamuzi ukuba enze iminikelo yokuzithandela ukuze izimali nempesheni kuyimfihlo, bese ukuthola kusukela Isikhwama kwakhiwa imali.

Uhlelo impesheni ye Russian Federation - endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangaka zokuphila sabantu. It kushintsha njalo. Ngakho-ke, ushintsho kumele baqinisekise zonke izakhamuzi. Ukuqokwa yempesheni sokuguga, njenganoma iyiphi enye, ngeke kubangele izinkinga esibalweni sabantu.