Ukuphepha okubhebhethekisayo kuyisimiso sezinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo ngokumelene nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Buka imininingwane

Umsebenzi wabasebenzi bezokwelapha uhloswe ngengozi eyengeziwe ekwenzeni impilo. Iziguli zingase zibe abanikazi bezifo eziyingozi. Ukuze bavikele abasebenzi, uMnyango wezeMpilo uthuthukise izinyathelo ezikhethekile. Ukuphepha okuphazamisayo kuyindlela ephelele yokuhlelwa kwezimo zokusebenza, ukuqeda ukutheleleka ngengozi kwabasebenzi ngenxa yengozi, ingozi noma ezinye izigameko.

Okuyisisekelo sezinyathelo zokuzivikela

I-algorithm yokuvikela inezigatshana eziningana ezibonisa imithetho yokuziphatha esimweni esithile. Izimfuneko zokuhlanzeka zihlanganisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuhlanzeka lapho usebenza ngamathuluzi, amadivayisi kanye nokuhlaziywa. Zonke izimo ezingalindelekile zicatshangelwa uma umuntu engalimala noma enze iphutha, emva kwalokho isifo sifinyelela ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngomlomo noma ngegazi.

Izinyathelo zokulwa nogciwane zibandakanya izinyathelo ezihloswe ukuvimbela iqembu ukuthi lisakaze ukutheleleka emoyeni, ngokuxhumana nomuntu oyedwa kuya komunye, ngamanzi noma ngezenzo ezingacatshangelwayo zabasebenzi noma isiguli. Umsebenzi wezinqubo zonke ukukhipha ukuthuthukiswa komfutho emphakathini. Okokuqala okumele ukwenze ukukhomba umthombo wesifo bese usinciphisa ubukhulu bawo.

Izinyathelo zokuvikela abasebenzi bekliniki ezinkingeni ezingenzeka

Ukwelashwa ngesandla yiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokugcina impilo yabanye nabanye. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokulandelana kwabantu abasebenza endaweni engcupheni:

• Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwezandla, izindawo zamanxeba nezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa.
• Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection ezihloswe ekubhujisweni ngokuphelele kwezinselele ezincane eziyingozi.
• Ukufakwa kwenzalo kokugcina ngezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kubulala wonke ama-microorganisms ezintweni nasezintweni.

Izinyathelo zokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection zihlanganisa ukwelashwa kwezinto ezikhona kanye nezinto ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqhuma indawo yokuxhumana nokutheleleka okungenzeka ngamanzi abilayo. Amanzi ashisayo abulala ama-micro-organisms, ahlambalaza ukungcola. Izinto zensimbi, ingilazi kanye nenjoloba zivame ukuphathwa.
• I-steam disinfection yenziwa ekushiseni okungaphezulu kuka-degrees Celsius eyi-110.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-chemical reagents akudingi ukufaka okukhethekile. Ngokungcola okunjalo, ukugeza okungeziwe ngamanzi kusuka ezinsalela zezinto kuyadingeka.

Ukuhlola imiphumela yokuhlanzwa kwamadivayisi wezokwelapha

Ngaphambi kokucwiliswa okuyinhloko, ukuhlanza kokuqala kwezinto usebenzisa i-chloramine noma i-hydrogen peroxide yenziwa. Ukwakhiwa kwesisombululo kukhethwe kuye ngokuthi indlela yokwelapha kanye nensimu yokusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi wezokwelapha. Ingxube enkulu kakhulu yenzelwe izinto ezihlangana nokuqukethwe kwamathumbu.

Ikhwalithi yendawo ehlanziwe yenziwa yimiphumela yokuphendula kwamakhemikhali. Izinto ezidwetshwe nge-pink, purple or green zibonisa ukulingana okwanele. Ukusabela kuhilela izinhlayiya zegazi, i-detergent, ne-debris. Umbala we-reagent ufundwa kungakapheli amasekhondi angu-60 ngemuva kokusebenza kwawo. Izidingo ze-Sanitary ziphoqeleka ukusebenzisa izindlela kuphela eziyinyumba. Nganoma yikuphi ukubonakala kombala, ukuhlanzwa okuphindaphindiwe kwenziwa.

Izinyathelo zokulwa nesifo sofuba zihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zokwelashwa usebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela elahlayo. Amagilavu enjolovu asetshenziselwa ukugxila kwezandla , ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula kuvikelwe ngamaski. Isibonelo sokwemvelo senziwa ekamelweni elizinikele ngaphandle kwemidwebo, lapho kungenzeka khona ukubhubhisa ama-microorganisms ngemisebe.

Ukucubungula kokugcina kwezinto

Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamadivayisi wezokwelapha, inzalo kumele ifakwe. Ihlanganisa izinyathelo zokubhujiswa kwezincane ezincane, isikhunta kanye namagciwane. Njengokusetshenziswa kwe-disinfection, isishu, isisombululo kanye nezindlela zokwelapha imisebe zisetshenziswa.

Ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa kwezakhiwo, ama-radiator ultraviolet asetshenzisiwe, futhi izinto ezincane zivezwa emigqumeni ye-gamma. Izifo ezincane ezibangelwa amagciwane zifa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwethonya lamakhemikhali. Amakhabhinethi akhethekile angakha ukuhamba kwe-air ngezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-140 degrees, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inzalo ephelele yezinto. Ithonya lokutheleleka ngamagagasi e-ultrasonic nalo liyasetshenziswa.

Ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kokutheleleka, izinhlobo ezintathu zokuxilongwa kokuhlanzeka kwezinqubo zisetshenziswa. Eyokuqala yenziwa ngosizo lwezinto ezinomthelela ekushiseni, liguqulwa libe yindawo esetshenzisiwe ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya. Indlela yesibili yokulawula isekelwe ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali: isitashi kanye ne-lagol balahlekelwa yizindawo zabo ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa, ingxube iyaba yinto ecacile.

Ukulawulwa kwesifo sohlobo lwesithathu kunikeza isikhathi eside sokuqinisekisa - cishe izinsuku ezimbili. Umthombo wezakhi ukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane, isampula kufakwa kuwo kusuka entweni okumele iphathwe ngayo.

Ziyini izingozi?

Ukuphepha okuphazamisayo akuyona nje izinyathelo zokusula isikhala esiseduze nabasebenzi bezikhungo zezokwelapha, kodwa futhi nezibalo zezingozi. Ngenxa yokuqoqwa kolwazi, indlela ejwayelekile yokusebenza kuma laboratories ithuthukiswe, lapho isiqinisekiso sokulondolozwa kwempilo kuqinisekiswa khona.

Ukuhlinzekwa kokuphepha okubhebhethekisayo kugcinwe kokubili kubaphathi bezikhungo kanye nabasebenzi ngokwabo. Abasebenzi balethwa ezindleleni zokulawula njalo izinto ezihlanzekile kanye nezakhiwo, baba yiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokulwa nokuvikela ezincane ezincane, amagciwane kanye nezifungumane.

Abasebenzi abahlukumezayo abanezifo ezingelapheki ezifana nokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, isifo sofuba, i-herpes, nayo isengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga eziphathelene nokuhlaselwa kwe-chlamydial.

Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kukhokhwa ezindleleni zezokwelapha ezisetshenziselwa ama-biomaterial sampuli. Izinto ezihlabayo nokuzibamba zidinga ukuphathwa okuqaphele kakhulu nokulahlwa okulandelayo kusuka endaweni yomsebenzi. Ukwelashwa ngesandla kwenziwa kokubili ngaphambi kokuqala kokuxhumana nesiguli, nangemva kokuqedwa kwazo zonke izinqubo.

Izinaliti ze-syringes, ama-droppers anezinsika zangaphakathi ezingabonakali iso, ziqukethe izinhlayiya zegazi elithelelekile. Ukuphathwa ngokungenangqondo kwele thuluzi kuholela ekulimaweni okungalindelekile nokungcola. Ama-scalpels, izikali, ama-blades for puncting iminwe ziyingxenye yeqembu eliyingozi.

Umthetho jikelele uvikela ukutheleleka

Ukuphepha okubhebhethekisayo - lezi yizinto zemisebenzi ehlukahlukene emsebenzini wezokwelapha. Okubaluleke kakhulu amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwesikhala sokusebenza ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha komlilo;
• Izinkambiso zokusebenza kwemishini, imithetho yokubekwa kwezikhungo zokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection nokubulala inzalo;
• Ukuhlanzeka kwezandla, indawo yokusebenzela, ukuhlanzeka kwamadivayisi wezokwelapha;
• Ukuhambisana namazinga okuhlanza izinto, ukuvuselelwa kwemfucuza, ukugcinwa kwempahla;
• Imithetho engcolile yomsebenzi wabasebenzi bezokwelapha.

Ukuphepha okubhebhethekisayo kwesiguli kufanele kwenziwe ngabasebenzi bomtholampilo, esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe izinqubo, lonke ulwazi oludingekile luhlinzekwa kuye:

• Imithetho ye-sampling yegazi;
• Izinyathelo zokulahlwa kwemfucuza equkethe izinsalela ze-biomaterial;
• Izindlela zokusebenzisa ama-protective agents ngesikhathi senqubo;
• Ngokusho kwemiphumela yocwaningo, uma kutholakala ukuhlolwa okuhle, ukuphepha okubhebhethekayo ngokushesha kukwazisa ngokutheleleka kwesiguli ukuze angenaso isikhathi sokudlulisela igciwane kwabanye.

Yini ehlanganisiwe endaweni yokuhlanza?

Ukuphepha okubhebhethekayo kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezilahlwayo ezisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa igazi. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, zonke izindlela zokuhlanza izinto ezibukhali zisetshenziswa. Izinaliti zokuhlinza, ama-scalpels, kanye nezikrini ziyabuyekezwa.

Ukuhlala kokutheleleka kungaba emoyeni ekamelweni ngemuva kokusampula i-biomaterial. Ukuvikela izindlela ezisetshenzisiwe zokuhlanza ngosizo lwe-infrared, ukuvezwa kwe-ultraviolet. Ngaphansi kwenzalo kukhona izinto zomuntu siqu zabasebenzi emtholampilo: ingubo yokugqoka, i-apron, izicathulo, ikhanda lekhanda. Awuvunyelwe kule laboratory ukusebenzisa amathelevoni, ama-shawls okusetshenziselwa ukuvuselelwa, njll.

Emva kokuthola isiguli, indawo yokusebenzela, imishini yokwelapha noma yokukhipha igazi, ukugqoka kuhlanzwa. Imitholampilo izama ukusebenzisa izentuthuko zakamuva zesayensi emkhakheni wezinhlanzi zokugcoba izinto. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukushisa kwama- ultrasonic noma ama-heater hermetic. Ama-autoclave akhethekile athengwe ngenzalo.

Izinto ezihlanjululwe zigcinwe esivinini esivaliwe nge-ventilation ephoqelelwe, ehlome ama-radiators angenayo i-decontaminating. Umoya egumbini uhlanzwa ngokuqhubekayo ngokuhlelwa kabusha ngokusebenzisa izihlungi ezithembekile.

Izimiso zokuziphatha phakathi nokusebenza kwemisebenzi

Ukuphepha okubhebhethekisayo emsebenzini womhlengikazi kuhlinzekela ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwamathuluzi e-laboratory. Ukusola kufanele kubangele yonke into egumbini, elingathola ama-microorganisms ngisho ngengozi. Isisekelo somsebenzi yizidingo ezilandelayo zokusebenza kwemisebenzi ngabasebenzi:

• Wonke umuntu osebenza emtholampilo oye waxhumana naye ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi elithathelwanayo kufanele enze umuthi omelekile;
• Zonke iziguli zibhekwa njengabathwali abathintekayo bokutheleleka, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashwe izinyathelo eziqine kakhulu lapho usebenza nabo;
• Wonke amathuluzi okubhoboza nokusika kufanele atshintshwe ngamanothi anempilo ephephile;
• Abasebenzi bathola iqoqo eligcwele lemishini yokuzivikela, okuyinto edingekayo ukuba igqoke;
• Umthamo wokulahlwa kwemikhiqizo etholakalayo ukhona endaweni eseduze nendawo yesampula ye-biomaterial;
• Kuvinjelwe ukususa izinaliti ngesandla, ngoba lokhu kukhona ithuluzi elikhethekile;
• Kuvinjelwe ukuvala iphuzu lezinto zokugxila nganoma yiziphi izinto ngaphambi kokulahlwa kwisitsha esifanele;
• Isiqukathi ngasinye akufanele sigcwaliswe ngaphezu kwe-2/3 wevolumu yayo;
• Iziqukathi kufanele ziphawulwe ngemibhalo ejwayelekile;
• Ukulimala okwenziwe ngesikhathi somsebenzi kubhekwa njengesigaba sokukhiqiza, ngokulandelana, umqondisi oqondile kufanele azinikezele ekwenzeni izenzakalo;
• Ngeke ukwazi ukufihla ulwazi mayelana nokulimala okungenhloso, emva kwalesi sigameko kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuzivikela, ngisho noma ukutheleleka kungakaze kwenzeke;
• Ngemva kokuthola izingozi zokutheleleka kweziguli noma osebenza nabo, kufanele zibikwe kubaphathi bemtholampilo bese zithatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze zithole indawo engozini.

Yini okufanele zonke izisebenzi zesikhungo sokunakekela impilo zikwazi futhi zikwazi ukuzenza?

Ukuphepha kokutheleleka esikhungweni sezempilo kuhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi. Abasebenzi bomtholampilo kumele badlule inkambo encane, kuhlanganise nokwazi:

• Ngezifo, izindlela zokusakazwa kwazo, izindlela zokulwa nazo, izindlela zokuhlaziya.
• Ngemiqondo yezidingo zezokwelapha, imithetho nemigomo yokugcinwa kwezakhiwo.
• Ngezinguqulo zakamuva zamadokhumenti okulawula emkhakheni wokuvikela ukutheleleka.
• Ngamazinga akhona okwelashwa ngesandla. Nika umphakathi, ukuhlanzeka nokuhlinzeka. Indlela ngayinye isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zabasebenzi bezokwelapha. Ukukhipha okwenziwe kwenziwa uma kukhona oxhumana naye nge-biomaterial yesiguli. Gcwalisa ukucwiliswa kwendawo yokuxhumana nokusetshenziswa kwezixazululo: utshwala, amakhemikhali.

Kulaba bantu, inqubo yokugqoka amagilavu ayinzima. Kodwa-ke, izindlela ezivamile zokususa imishini yokuzivikela azifanelekile ukusetshenziswa emtholampilo. Imfundo ephelele ekusingatheni imishini yokuzivikela iye yasungulwa.

Imiphumela yezimo zengqondo ezingenandaba nokusebenza

Ukuphepha okuphathekayo yiyona imithetho, ehlanganiswa nemiphumela yokubheka okuningi kokulimala kwesikhashana kanye nokutheleleka kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha. Imiphumela ebuhlungu ifika ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi eside. Ngenxa yesisebenzi esithathelelekile, abathandekayo bakhe bangase bahlupheke.

Ukulandela ngokuqinile imigomo yezindlela ezithuthukisiwe - umsebenzi wesisebenzi ngasinye sezempilo ukuvikela kokubili impilo yakhe kanye neziguli zezikhungo zezokwelapha nezokuvikela. Uma uhambisa umuntu onesifo esikhungweni sezokwelapha, ukucwiliswa kwezinto zonke ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwekhabini kanye ne-stretcher kuqhutshwa kwisayithi ekhethiwe ngokukhethekile.

Izembatho zokuhlolwa kweziguli kumele zifakwe isifo sokubulala amagciwane. Uma isiguli sitholakala, kwenziwa ucwaningo lwawo wonke amalungu omndeni wakhe nezihlobo ezinethuba lokutheleleka. Abasebenzi bomtholampilo ezinsolo zokuqala, nabo, kumele badlule ukuhlolwa bese behlola.