Ukuphakama kwamadolo ahlangene ngamadolo: izimpawu, izithombe, ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, imiphumela. Ukuphakama kwe-knee medie-joint meniscus: ukwelashwa

Emzimbeni womuntu, amathambo angaphezu kuka-200, ahlangene ndawonye engahambi kahle, asemaselula namaselula. Ukuhlanganiswa kokugcina kuthiwa ukujoyina. Phakathi kwazo zonke izixhumanisi, idolo lihlale libhekene nokucindezeleka, kunengozi enkulu yokulimala.

Ihlangene yenziwa ngamathambo, imigqa eminingi kanye namafomu, okusebenza njengama-depop for depreciation - menisci. Ngokuvamile, ubuhlungu bamadolo bubangelwa izifo zabo. Kubantu abaneminyaka engamashumi amane, indawo ehamba phambili ibhekene nokuhlukunyezwa, futhi emva koku-50 kakade kuthinta izinguquko ezishintshayo ohlelweni lwethambo. Ukukhubazeka okubi kakhulu ukuphuka kwamadolo ahlangene amadolo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.

Iyini i-meniscus?

I-Meniscus iyiplanethi ehamba phambili emkhatsini wamathambo asiseni nasemlenzeni ophansi, osebenza ukuwuthola ngenkathi uhamba. Iqukethe umzimba nezimpondo. I-Meniscus ifana ne-crescent yezimpondo zazo ezixhunywe ekuphakanyeni kwe-intercondylar. I-Menisci iza ngamafomu amabili:

1. I-Lateral. Itholakala ngaphandle kwamadolo, inokuhamba okukhulu, ngakho-ke yalimala kakhulu.
2. Ukuphuka kwe- meniscus ephakathi kwamadolo kuhlangene kaningi, ngoba itholakala eduze komngcele wangaphakathi futhi uhamba kancane.

Izimbangela nezimpawu zokuphuka kwe-meniscus kuzoxoxwa kabanzi.

Inhloso yamadoda

Lezi zakhiwo ezihamba phambili zenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Nika isandla ekunciphiseni futhi unciphise umthwalo emathanjeni ohlangothini lwamadolo;
• Ukwandisa emathanjeni oxhumana nabo, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise umthwalo kubo;
• UMenisci uzinzile emadolweni;
• Iqukethe ama-receptors, anikezela uphawu ebuchosheni mayelana nesimo semikhawulo engezansi.

Izingxenye ezingezansi zegazi le-meniscus zitholakala ku-capsule, nomzimba ngenxa ye-intracapsular fluid. Kunezindawo eziningana zokunikeza i-meniscus ngezakhi:

1. Indawo ebomvu itholakala eduze nendawo ye-capsule futhi ithola igazi eliphakeme.
2. Indawo ephakathi ithola ukudla okuncane.
3. Indawo emhlophe ayinayo igazi elivela ku-capsule.

Uma kukhona ukuphuka kwe-meniscus ephakathi kwamadolo, ukuphathwa kukhethwe kuye endaweni yokulimala.

Izimbangela ze-Meniscus Trauma

Ngokuvamile, i-meniscus rupture inga:

1. Umthelela omuhlungu.
2. Khipha ukukhishwa komlenze ophansi.
3. Isandiso esiphezulu nesiphezulu emadolweni.
4. Knock on the knee.

Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, ikhefu e-meniscus lingabangelwa izinguquko eziguqukayo ekubunjweni kwamathambo.

Izinhlobo zokulimala emadodeni

Ukuphuka kwe-meniscus ephakathi kwamadolo okuhlangene kungenye yezinto ezilimalayo njalo. Ngokuvamile kuvame kubadlali, abadansi abaqeqeshiwe, kanye nalabo abahlanganyela emisebenzini eqinile yomzimba. Ngokuya ngohlobo lomonakalo, bahlukanisa:

• Igebe elilinganayo;
• Oblique;
• Ukuqhekeka ngokweqile, uma kubonakala ukubhujiswa okukhulu kwamathambo e-meniscus;
• Umsindo;
• Ukuqubuka okuvundlile;
• I-trauma yezimpondo ze-meniscus.

Ngenxa yokulimala, ukulimala kwamadoda angaphandle noma angaphakathi noma kokubili kungenzeka.

Izimpawu zokuphuka kwe-meniscus

Uma sicabangela uhlobo lwesibangela sokuphulukana, khona-ke bahlukaniswa babe izinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Ukuhlukana okudabukisayo kwe-meniscus kwezimpawu zamagolo ezihlangene kuyisici futhi kuqhubeka kahle.
2. Ukuqhekeka kwesifo esinqunyiwe kubonakala inkambo engapheli, ngakho-ke izimpawu ziyashintshwa futhi azikho imibonakaliso emitholampilo ekhanyayo.

Ukuhlukunyezwa okunzima kwe-meniscus kubonakala:

1. Ubuhlungu obukhali futhi obukhulu.
2. I-Edema.
3. Ukuphazanyiswa kokuhamba kwesibambisene.

Kodwa ukubeka isifo esifanelekile kungenza udokotela kuphela, ngoba izimpawu ezinjalo zingakhuluma ngokulimala okuningi, isibonelo, ukuhlukaniswa noma ukuphulwa kwemigqa. Uma ungathathi noma yiziphi izinyathelo, khona-ke emasontweni ambalwa i-meniscus izinyembezi zezimpawu zamadolo ezihlangene, isithombe sibonisa, sibonisa kakade ukuthi sesibili, okufaka:

1. Ukuqoqa uketshezi emgodleni ohlangene.
2. Ibhande liboshwe ngesimo esiphezulu.
3. Imisipha yamathanga alahlekelwa ithoni.
4. Ngezinye izikhathi endaweni ehlangene ungathola i-meniscus.

Uma kukhona ukuphuka kwamadoda ehlangene ngamadolo, ukwelashwa kuzoxhomeke ekubambeni kokulimala.

Ubukhulu bokuqina kwe-meniscus

Njengoba kunikezwe izinga lokulimala okunzima kwe-meniscus, udokotela uzobeka ukwelashwa. Futhi izinga lokulimala yilokho okulandelayo:

1. I-degree elingu-1, uma kunokuphuka okuncane, ubuhlungu buyinto encane, kukhona ukuvuvukala. Izimpawu zinyamalale zodwa emasontweni ambalwa.
2. 2 degree of graver moderation. Kuboniswa ubuhlungu obukhulu emadolweni, ukuvuvukala, ukunyakaza kunqunyelwe. Ngomthwalo omncane kakhulu, kukhona ubuhlungu ekuhlanganyeleni. Uma kukhona ukuphuka okunjalo kwamadoda ehlangene ngamadolo, kungelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, i-pathology iyahlala ingapheli.
3. Ukuqhekeka okungu-3 kuyona engaphezulu kakhulu. Akukhona ubuhlungu kuphela, ukuvuvukala, kodwa futhi kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwesisu emgodleni ohlangene. I-Meniscus ishaywa ngokuphelele, leli dinga lidinga ukwelashwa okuphoqelekile.

Isitatimende sokuxilongwa

Uma kukhona ukusola kokulimala kwe-meniscus, kufanele nakanjani uthintane nodokotela. Udokotela ohlinzayo ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kuzobheka ukuthi ubuhlungu bokulimala, indawo yayo, kodwa ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuhlukumeza kwamadoda kuyadingeka ukuba kwenziwe uchungechunge lwezifundo:

1. I-Radiography iyindlela elula yokuxilonga. Ngenxa yokuthi i-meniscus ayibonakali esithombeni, isifundo senziwa ngokusebenzisa i-medium contrast.
2. I-MRI.
3. I-Arthroscopy ikuvumela ukuba ubukeke ngaphakathi kokujoyina futhi unqume ubukhulu besilonda.

Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukutholakala, udokotela angakwazi ukunikeza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.

Izinhlobo zokwelashwa kokulimala kwamadoda

Uma kutholakala ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwamadoda ahlangene ngamadolo kuqinisekiswa , ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa kuhlanganisa izikhombisi-ndlela ezilandelayo:

1. Ukwelashwa kokuzimela.
2. Ukwelashwa ngosizo lwezindlela zomuntu.

Uma kukhona ukuhlukana okubanzi kwamadoda ahlangene ngamadolo, ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa ngeke kusize. Ngaphandle kosizo lwazo odokotela abahlinzayo abakwazi ukukwenza.

Ukwelapha okuqaphayo

Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lubandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Usizo lokuqala, okulandelayo:

• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthula okuphelele.
• Ukusetshenziswa kokucindezeleka okubandayo.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi.
• Uma uketshezi kuqoqa, kuzodingeka usebenzise isikhala.
• Ukufakwa kwe-bandage ye-plaster, nakuba odokotela abathile bebheka lokhu kungenzeki.

2. Ukuhambisana nokuphumula kombhede.

3. I-langeta ye-gypsum isetshenziselwa isikhathi esingaphansi kwamaviki amathathu.

4. Susa ukuvinjelwa kwamadolo.

5. Ukusebenza ekwelapheni izindlela zokwelapha kanye nokuzivocavoca kwezokwelapha.

6. Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu be-syndrome kususwa ngosizo lwezidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala: Diclofenk, Ibuprofen, Meloksikam.

7. Ama-Chondroprotectors: "I-Glucosamine", "i-Khondratin sulfate" isiza ukutholakala kokuqala kwezicubu zomzimba.

8. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-agent wangaphandle ngendlela yamafutha kanye nama-creams kuzosiza ukuphumula ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala. Ngokuvamile isebenzisa i- "Ketoral", "i-Voltaren", "i-Dolgit" nabanye.

Uma ukwelashwa kukhethwe kahle, emva kwamasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8, ukutholakala kuzokwenzeka.

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa

Uma kutholakala i-meniscus ehlangene yamadolo, ezinye izimpawu zingase zibe yisibonakaliso sokungenelela kokuhlinzwa:

• Izicubu ze-meniscus zichotshoziwe;
• Kukhona ukufuduka kwe-meniscus noma ukuhlukana kwayo zibe yizingxenye;
• Ukuba khona kwegazi emgodleni ohlangene;
• Ayikho imiphumela evela kokwelashwa.

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Uma ukuyeka kwe-meniscus yamagciwane izimpawu ezihlangene kuyingozi ngenxa yokuchithwa okuphelele okukodwa kwezicubu zomzimba, ukukhishwa kwe-meniscus noma ingxenye yayo kubonisiwe. Ukusebenza kunzima kakhulu futhi kunganciphisa ubuhlungu kuphela kuma-50-60% amacala.

2. Ukubuyiselwa kwe-meniscus. Ngenxa yokuxhaphazwa okunjalo, odokotela abahlinzayo bavame ukuthathwa lapho kusetshenzwa abantu abasha futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile:

• Ukuqhekeka kwe-longitudinal;
• Ukuphambana komzila wendawo;
• Uma i-meniscus iphuma ku-capsule;
• Ukuyeka ukuphazamiseka kwemiphakathi nokuhamba;
• Uma kungabikho ushintsho oluguqukayo.

Ngokungenelela okunjalo, kubalulekile ukucabangela indawo yokuphuka kanye nemithi yokulimala.

Indlela ye-Arthroscopic ayinhle kakhulu futhi isimanje. Ngalokhu kungenelela, ukuphazanyiswa okuncane kwamathekithi ahambisanayo kwenzeka. Ukuthunga i-meniscus usebenzisa izinaliti ezikhethekile, ukugxila kunamandla.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwezilungiso ezikhethekile zokulungisa i-meniscus. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uqalise ukusebenza ngaphandle kokukhipha namadivayisi engeziwe. Kule ndlela, ukulungiswa kwesizukulwane sesibili kusetshenziselwa ukuxazulula ngokushesha nokunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga.

5. Ukufakelwa kwe-Meniscus kwenzeka lapho kwenzeka okungenakwenzeka. Kukhona okunye ukuphikisana kwalendlela:

• Izinguquko eziguquguqukayo;
• Ukuguga;
• Izifo zesimo somuntu;
• Ukungazinzi okuncane.

Iyiphi indlela yokwelapha okuhlinzekwayo okukhethwa kukho ngodokotela ngamunye.

Ukuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Akuyona nje kuphela kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi ngendlela efanele, kodwa impumelelo iyoxhomeke esikhathini sokubuyiselwa. Emva kokusebenza, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo ezithile:

1. Ukuzivocavoca ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komqeqeshi ohlangene oqeqeshiwe ozosiza ekuthuthukiseni okuhlangene.
2. Ama-Chondroprotectors, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala ziyadingeka.
3. Usizo olukhulu ekubuyiseleni luyoba physiotherapy kanye massage.
4. Akukho msebenzi okwenziwe okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi kungcono zonke izinyanga ezingu-12.

Uma ulandela zonke izincomo zikadokotela, khona-ke inqubo yokutakula iyophumelela.

Izindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa

Uma izimpawu ze-meniscus zamadolo ezihlangene azange zilukhuni kangaka, ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zabantu kanye nemithi yokwelashwa kungasiza kakhulu. Nasi uhlu lwezokupheka ezidumile kakhulu:

1. Emahoreni wokuqala nezinsuku ngemuva kokuthola ukulimala endaweni enzima, sebenzisa ice.
2. Ukuphumula okuphelele njalo futhi umlenze kufanele ubekwe ngenhla kwenhliziyo.
3. Ungasebenzisa i-compress ukufudumala usebenzisa uju, ngeke nje ususe inqubo yokuvuvukala, kodwa futhi ukhulule ubuhlungu. Lungiselela kanje: xhuma inani elifanayo lokuphuza utshwala noju, uhlanganise kahle, ungeze isikhumba semifino bese unamathisela endaweni enzima. Phezulu ngekhanda elifudumele bese ubamba amahora amaningana.
4. Gaya nge-blender e-bulb esheshayo, hlanganisa ne-1 ithisipuni yeshukela bese usebenza ku-napkin emgqeni olimele. Phezulu ngokugqoka eplastiki futhi kuphephile. Kulesi simo, ushiye ubusuku bonke. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe nsuku zonke, uma i-meniscus ingasuswa, kufanele ibuyiselwe.
5. I-Burdock ingasiza futhi uma ichotshoziwe iphinde isetshenziswe endaweni eqondile. Qinisekisa i-bandage bese ubamba amahora angu-3, bese ushintsha.

Uma i-meniscus yamadolo ehlangene ikhombisa ukwanele okwanele, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa akusizi, khona-ke kuzodingeka uqale ukuhlinzwa.

Imiphumela yokulimala kwe-meniscus

Uma kukhona ikhefu kumadoda we-meniscus, ukuhlukumezeka okunjalo kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukukhubazeka kwamajoyina akudluli ngaphandle kokulandelela, ngisho nangokwelashwa okufanele. Uma kutholakala ukuthi i-meniscus rupture ehlangene, imiphumela ingase ibe kanje:

1. Ukuphinda okuphindiwe. Lokhu kuvame ukwanele ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Yingakho emva kwesikhathi sokuvuselela kuyadingeka ukunakekelwa kwamadolo akho okufanayo, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa imisebenzi ephathelene nemidlalo.
2. Imfundo ene-hematomas. Bangakwazi ukuhlala ngemuva kokusebenza futhi babangele ubuhlungu. Imiphumela enjalo idinga ukuqedwa okuphuthumayo, isiguli kumele sithole isikhathi eside sokuvuselelwa kanye nokwelashwa okunzima.
3. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokuvuvukala, okuvame ukukwenzeka, uma ungazami ukuqeda ama-hematomas asele noma kube khona ukungenelela okungenakuphumelela kokuhlinzwa. Ngisho noma ukwelashwa kuphumelele, akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke kube khona izinkinga esikhathini esizayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuvakashela udokotela ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuhlolwe.
4. Kubuye kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi emva kokusebenza kuyoba khona ukuvuvukala komzimba, kodwa emva kwesikhathi konke lokhu kuzodlulela, uma kungenjalo, kuyadingeka ukwazisa udokotela.
5. Ukukhathazeka ngemuva kokukhishwa esibhedlela kuhlala isikhathi esithile, kodwa kuyaba mncane njengoba kuthathwa imithi. Kodwa uma ingaphumeleli, kodwa iba namandla, khona-ke kungase kuthiwe ukuthi inkinga iqala ngesimo sokuqeda imfucuza ibe yinqubo ehlangene noma yokuvuvukala. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela abakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kosizo.

Indlela yokuvimbela ukulimala kwe-meniscus?

Wonke umuntu angathola ukulimala okunjalo, kodwa kungcono ukuvimbela i-meniscus ukuthi ingaphuli noma inciphise amathuba awo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuqeqeshwa kwamalungu amadolo kuphelele. Kodwa akusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemithwalo esindayo, kwanele ukugibela njalo ngebhayisikili, ukwenza ukuhamba, ukugijima, ukuze i-meniscus ikhule ibe namandla, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukuphuka kuyodlula.

Sihlolisise ukuthi i-meniscus yamadolo ehlangene ibonisa izibonakaliso zalokho okusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa, kodwa kungcono ukungavumeli ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo. Zizinakekele wena nempilo yakho.