Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli kanye nefomu layo

I-pancreatitis engapheli yisifo esiyingozi futhi esihlala njalo esihambisana nezinqubo zokuvuvukala kwe-pancreas, kanye nokulimala kwamangqamuzana namathambo ayo. Lesi sihloko sizochaza ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli, kanye nezici eziyinhloko zalesi sifo.

Iyini le ngozi?

I-pancreatitis engapheli ivame ukuvela kubantu besifazane asebekhulile, futhi kaningi kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka yobudala. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kuthuthukiswa kwempilo ukungondleki komuntu.

Ngokuvamile, izinkinga ezine-pancreas zivela ngokuqondile lapho umuntu eqala ukudla ukudla okuningi okuthosiwe namafutha. Nokho, lokhu akukona okwedlulele kuphela. Futhi, lesi sifo singabuye sihlasele abesifazane abaqaphela ukudla okuqinile futhi baziphika ngokwabo imikhiqizo yokudla ewusizo. Uma umzimba womuntu uthola amancane kakhulu namaprotheni, ama-pancreas ayeka ukusebenza kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma umuntu ehlukumeza utshwala, ungaqiniseka ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo kuzokwenza uzizwe.

Kuze kube manje, kunamanani amaningi okuhlukaniswa kwesifo, ngasinye esicabangela izici ezithile. Ake sicabangele ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe.

I-Marseilles-Roman classification of pancreatitis engapheliyo

Lesi sigaba sithandwa kakhulu futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokusho kwalo, kunezinhlobo ezine zalesi sifo:

• Ukuvimbela. Leli fomu libhekene nokutholakala kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala kwamaphakethe. Kulesi simo, kukhona ukuvinjelwa kwamadayini amakhulu ngamathumba, ukunamathela noma inkambo yokuphendula okuvuvukalayo ngokwabo.

• I-calcific pancreatitis iyona evame kakhulu ukuphola. Kulokhu, ama-tissu ahlakazwa ama-foci, enza kulokhu amatshe okugeleza. Izifo ezihlukahlukene zalesi sifo zivame ukutholakala kubantu abasebenzisa inqwaba yeziphuzo ezidakayo.
• Ifomu lokuzivuselela lingavamile kakhulu, ngoba libhekwa yi-tissue atrophy.
• Imfundo yama-cysts ne-pneumocyst.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-pancreas

Ukuze uqonde inkinga enjalo njengokuhlelwa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi owenziwe yilungu elinjalo njenge-pancreas. Kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi uveza ama-enzyme ahlukahlukene asebenza ngokuqondile endleleni yokugaya ukudla. Ama-enzyme we-pancreas angagaya ukudla okungenayo esimweni esinjalo ukuze singene. Ngosuku, lo mzimba uyakwazi ukukhiqiza cishe ilitha elilodwa lemfihlo, okubaluleke kakhulu ukugaya ukudla okufanele.

Izimpawu ze-pathology

Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziphathelene nalesi sifo. Futhi-ke, yiziphi izibonakaliso okudingekayo ukunaka:

• Ubuhlungu esiswini;
• Ukungcola okungalungile, okuyoba nezimpawu ezinjengamafutha amaningi amaningi, ukubhubhisa, ukulahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu, ukubekezelelana kokudla kanye nobuthakathaka benyama yonke;
• Kwezinye izimo, izigaba ezithuthukisiwe zesifo sesifo sikashukela esingapheli singaqala ukuthuthukisa;
• Ezingxenyeni ze-bile, ingcindezi ikhuphuka futhi isisu se-dyspepsia syndrome siyatholakala.

Ngenxa yalokho i-pancreatitis engapheli iqala

Eqinisweni, lesi sifo singaqala ukuthuthukisa ngezizathu eziningana, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo. Qaphela izizathu, okuyinto, ngokusho odokotela, ngokuvamile yimbangela yalokhu ukukhubazeka:

• Ukuphuza ngokweqile utshwala;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile;
• Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium egazini;

• I-fatabetism engalungile yamafutha;
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo nakho kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yohlu olubi;
• Futhi, lesi sifo singenza uzizwele lapho kunomsoco owanele wokudla.

I-pancreatitis engapheli: Isigaba se-ICD 10

Lesi sigaba sinamuhla futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu namuhla. Ngokusho kwalolu hlu, i-World Health Organization izethula izifo ezintsha njalo eminyakeni eyishumi, futhi ihlanganisa nokuphefumula okungapheli. Isigaba samanje sinikeza isifo ngasinye isici sayo, ngakho-ke ngisho noma udokotela engaziqondi ulimi lwangaphandle esebenzisa le ndawo, uzokwazi ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo.

Ngakho, ngokusho kwalolu hlobo, i-pancreatitis engapheli inezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Uhlobo lwemvelaphi yokudakwa;
• Ezinye izinhlobo zalesi sifo.

Ukwahlukaniswa kweCambridge

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Cambridge ye-pancreatitis engapheli kuyathandwa ikakhulukazi ngama-medics aseWestern. Isekelwe ekuqaliseni izinguquko ema-pancreas ngezigaba ezahlukene zesifo. Ngokwalezi zigaba, lezi zigaba ezilandelayo zesifo ziyahlukaniswa:

• I-pancreas isesimweni esivamile. Kulokhu, isitho sinesakhiwo esijwayelekile kanye nemisebenzi efanele.
• Izinguquko ezincane zesimo esingapheli. Kulesi simo, kunezinguquko ezincane kuphela kuma-pancreas.

• Izinguquko ezincane ze-pathological zibhekene nezinguquko emidayeni ye-lateral.
• Izinguquko ezithinta umzimba zendalo elinganisiwe. Kulesi simo sekuvele kunokwenzeka ukuphawula izinguquko hhayi kuphela emidayeni ye-lateral, kodwa futhi nakakhulu. Ngokujwayelekile kulesi sigaba, kusetshenzwa ama-cysts amancane nezicubu zesikhumba.
• Izinguquko ezibalulekile zokuguqula umzimba. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinguquko ezichazwe ngenhla, ama-cysts amakhulu namatshe angakhiwa.

I-pancreatitis exhaswe yi-Biliary

I-pancreatitis engapheliyo ye-biliary isifo esihlala isikhathi eside esine-pancreatic esibhekene nalokho okwenzeka emzimbeni ngisho nangesikhathi sokuzalwa kwengane. Empeleni, isifo esinjalo sivame kakhulu futhi sibonakala izimpawu ezinjalo:

• Ubuhlungu kuzo zonke izingxenye zesisu, okuvela ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Izinzwa ezibuhlungu zingaphinde zenzele emuva, amahlombe noma intamo. Kulokhu ngokuvamile izibonakaliso ezibuhlungu zalesi sifo zingadideka ngeziqu ze-biliary colic.

• Ukungena kwe-bliary-dependent pancreatitis kubonakala ngesimo sokubhubhisa, ukuhlukumeza, ukuqhuma, ukuhlanza noma ukudumaza esiswini.
• Phakathi nesifo, izinkinga ngezihlalo zingabonakala. Iziguli eziningi zikhononda ngesifo sohudo, okwakubonwa izikhathi ezinhlanu ngosuku. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitokisi sasinjenge-porridge-like and was poorly washed the walls of the toilet bowl.
• Ukwanda kwamazinga wegazi we-bile pigment. Ngenxa yalokho, isikhumba, kanye nabamhlophe bamehlo, bathola i-tinge ephuzi.
• Iziguli eziningi zathola ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esikhulu.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela mellitus.

Isifo esinjalo sivame ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele, kodwa ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungadingeka.

I-pancreatitis ejwayelekile

I-pancreatitis engapheli (ukuphindaphinda okusetshenziswayo isetshenziswe ngokweqile ngokweqile) ibhekene nesenzakalo esivame kakhulu sobuhlungu. Ngeke kuthiwa izinhlungu ezinjalo zibuhlungu kakhulu, kepha ngokuphathwa ngendlela engafanele, isimo sesiguli singakwazi ukuwohloka kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ngesikhathi esifanayo nalesi sifo isiguli sinezinye izifo zesimiso sokugaya, khona-ke ubuhlungu bungase bubekezeleleke. Ngokuvamile ubuhlungu be-syndrome buvela emahoreni amaningana kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukuze uqede izimpawu zalesi sifo, udinga ukusebenzisa izindlela zokwelashwa okulondolozayo, futhi ulungiselele ukudla okunomsoco.

Ukwelapha

I-pancreatitis engapheli, i-etiology engase ihluke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, kungenjalo lokhu kudala kungaholela ekwakheni ezinye izifo. Ngokuvamile, uhlobo oluhlala njalo lwe-pathology lukhuni kakhulu ukuphulukisa ngezindlela ezizenzekelayo, ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe basikisela ukuba basebenzise ukungenelela kokusebenza. Ungenzi iziphetho eziphuthumayo, vakashela odokotela abaningi, futhi ngesisekelo seziphakamiso ezijwayelekile ezitholiwe, thola uhlelo lokuthola ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi inqubo yokwelashwa kufanele ihloswe ekuqedeni ubuhlungu, ukususa izinqubo zokuvuvukala, kanye nokususa i-bile emzimbeni.

Amafomu wesifo

Kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo lwe-pancreatitis elisebandleni ngalinye. Ifomu lesi sifo kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ososayensi abazinikeza zona:

• I-edema ye-pancreatitis engapheli ifana kakhulu ne-acute eyodwa. Kulesi simo, lesi sifo siqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngokuvamile, ngaphezu kwesifo sobuhlungu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza nazo zikhona.
• Ifomu le-parenchymal libhekene nesenzakalo esivame ukuqhuma. Njengomthetho, ukukhushulwa okunjalo kwenzeka izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Uma wenza ukwelashwa kwe-ultrasound, kanye nezinye izindlela zokuhlola, kungaphawulwa ukuthi ama-pancreas abonakala ngezinguquko ezithile.
• Ifomu lokuzivuselela ngokuvamile libhekene nokuzwa okunamandla kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lama-amylase liqala ukwanda egazini. Kodwa-ke, i-ultrasound ayikhombisi ukuthi isitho siqala ukwanda ngesayizi. Kwezinye izimo, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuba mncane.
• Ngefomu le-cystic kuma-cycreas ama-cysts amancane aqala ukwakha. Kulesi simo, isitho ngokwayo siqala ukwanda, futhi izambatho zayo zihluke kancane.
• Ifomu le-Psevdotumoroznaya ngokuvamile libhekene nesifo esibuhlungu kunazo zonke. Kulesi simo, isitho sanda kakhulu usayizi futhi sishintsha isimo sayo. Lokhu kungabonakala ngisho nangesiza solimi olujwayelekile.

Yiqiniso, lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu, ngakho odokotela bakutshela ukuthi uzondle futhi udle kahle iziguli zakho. I-pancreatitis engapheli ingelashwa ngezokwelapha ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa lokhu kungenziwa kuphela uma lesi sifo sinesisindo sokuqala. Ezimweni ezinzima kunazo zonke, ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kokungenela okuhlinzayo.

Yidla kwesokudla, ngena emidlalweni, ube nokuphumula okunye nangesikhathi sokukhuluma nodokotela, bese kuthi kuwe noma yisiphi isifo ngeke sibe sesabekayo. Yiba nempilo futhi unakekele.