Ukudala isithebe MySQL Dala idatha Ithebula

Database, njengoba okuhlukile lokuhlushwa Imininingwane kubalulekile, futhi ngaphandle kwazo Awukwazi ukwenza ngisho iphrojekthi encane. Kanjani ngempumelelo ayicabangile isakhiwo, amatafula yakhelwe kahle, ukuxhumana ngezifiso - incike izinga isampula / bhala, idatha nokwethenjelwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka umonakalo ngephutha, ukutholakala buyisela emuva, ukuphelela kuthengiselana ngalinye - futhi impumelelo lonke.

I database ngokuyinhloko - umqondo lomqondo, isethulo kolwazi, kanye logic yokusetshenziswa kwawo emsebenzini othize.

Simple ngempumelelo ukuqaliswa isilinganiso =

umqondo zingubudlelwane yokuhlela idatha ngokucacile hhayi okungcono, kodwa ngokuqiniseka banezikhundla yabo iminyaka leminyenti. Njengoba izimboni zokukhiqiza ukudla nezimpahla kubalulekile umthengi, basuke nakanjani kudingeka.

imibono Yokuvukela ulwazi empeleni izikhathi eziningi limenyezelwe ilungelo labo ukuphila, kodwa kuze kube yilolu suku lahluleka ukunikeza ubufakazi enkulu khona lungelo. Njengenjwayelo, lula - isihluthulelo sempumelelo. Nokho, isihloko ubudlelwano kanye nokuxhumana phakathi idatha izinto - amaphuzu, futhi izinhlelo ulwazi isikhala - namanje egcwele namabala amhlophe kanye lezimanga ezithakazelisayo.

Ukusebenzisa isakhiwo esilula MySQL ukudala itafula kuholela ekwakhekeni elula elula ukusebenzisa inqwaba amatafula, ngokusemthethweni inkinga ububanzi. Qala ukusebenzisa "imisipha" silula, kodwa ngemva eziyishumi amatafula lokuqala ubudlelwane zingubudlelwane zisenza sibe nesimo sengqondo ezahlukene ulwazi, isethulo, Isilondolozi kanye nokusetshenziswa.

Okwesikhashana, olawulwa futhi njalo

iphuzu ezimangalisayo: "isakhiwo eliyisisekelo" semininingwane imiqondo ngaphandle iqhaza MySQL, esahlanganisa ziphile izinhlelo Inthanethi futhi buye baba ingxenye ebalulekile kuso. Dynamic, ubuchwepheshe besimanje eye wavumela semininingwane ube lula okusheshayo, onokwethenjelwa futhi ngempumelelo, ukufunda kanye nokusebenzisa.

Ngaphezu amatafula main ukudala yesikhashana itafula MySQL design ivumela uhlelo ukudala yesikhashana izakhiwo idatha khona ngesikhathi samanje, ukuvakasha umsebenzisi othile, okuvela kuyo umcimbi othize.

Uma phambi amatafula kanye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo base liphathwe njengokuthile obungenakuphikwa, kodwa manje ayisekho wamukela egciniwe ngisho ezinamandla ukuze ubheke izinto eziyisisekelo. Lona nje ezomenza ukuqonda isakhiwo ukwaziswa okudingekayo ukuze baxazulule le nkinga.

Ngokunikeza ithuluzi ukudala amathebula zesikhashana, ukudala itafula lesikhashana, MySQL ikuvumela ukuqhekeza database izingxenye static kanye ashukumisayo. Ecacisa izinhlobo Amasimu ethebuleni, uMklami ngokuzenzakalela ukulawula ngokunemba lasungulwa. Ukusebenzisa MySQL ukudala itafula isheke design, umklami ungacacisa izimo ngokugcwalisa emasimini. Nakuba le ndlela - kunalokho ithuba lula yokufuduka imiklamo ezivela kwezinye izilimi zezigodi SQL.

Imininingwane Space: imigomo izinhlelo

Njalo project, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungcono yonke indawo, ekhasini elilodwa noma algorithm elula, itholakala endaweni ethile isikhala ezithile ulwazi. "Ikheli" lendawo - umsebenzi othize, izimo khona-algorithm: isakhiwo ulwazi itheku futhi uphuma khona, wakha inqubo ukuguqulwa.

Nokho, lokho akusho ukuthi balandele imithetho MySQL, ukudala itafula Awukwazi ukudala ukuthi ngokuhambisana-syntax yayo.

Kulesi sibonelo, code_back ensimini, session_code owner_code ichaze okhiye ngokulandelana wabuya, futhi esimisweni iklayenti. Akukhona nje ukusetshenziswa version angajwayelekile of MySQL ukudala itafula, ukhiye lapha akuncikile ensimini yayo yekusebenta, kanye zaveza ngaphakathi kokuchaza: ikhodi ukubuya esimweni non-sokusongwa, esebenzayo ikhodi iklayenti nekhodi kweseshini, okungenzeka eziningana iklayenti, kodwa sincike kuyo, lapho ikhodi ngizoya ukuphathwa ukubuya.

Kukhona ukusetshenziswa okungezona ezijwayelekile Amasimu h_code, a_contents futhi a_surprise. Lapha ukudala itafula MySQL isibonelo sendlela inkambu ingaqukatha idatha, kanye engasho lutho. Kunoma yisiphi isimo lapho une itafula amakhasimende, kuwukuhlakanipha ukwakha inqolobane ingxenye esebenzayo kwethebula. Lokhu akusho siwenze ezanele kokuqala isakhiwo idatha. Ngokwesibonelo, a_contents Lokuphakathi ensimini: igama, iphasiwedi, i-imeyili, kanye a_surprise ensimini - isimo samanje umsebenzisi.

I a_contents umqondo kanye / noma a_surprise

samuntu okunjalo akudingi ukufinyelela etafuleni main, okungaba omkhulu futhi nzima, futhi kuzokhawulela encane, equkethe ulwazi olufanele kuphela. Lapha ukudala itafula MySQL - isibonelo salokho kungenziwa ufake igama lamakhasimende kanye nephasiwedi, noma iphasiwedi kanye e-mail ku alula: (a_contents efana '{$ cUserName} {$ cUserPass}%') noma (a_contents efana '% {$ cUserPass} {$ cUserName} ').

Kulesi sibonelo, isebenzisa yayo umsebenzi isheke kwetafula: scTableExists ( 'rm_cache') njengoba uma etafuleni akuyona, uzodinga hhayi kuphela ukwakha, kodwa futhi ukurekhoda, isibonelo, amarekhodi ambalwa wokuqala ne abaphathi idatha resource.

okufana Standard ukudala itafula uma ayikho MySQL samuntu bahlinzeka engavimba ukutholakala etafuleni futhi wamiswa uma engekho. Ngokuvamile, lokhu akwanele. Akufanele nje hlola etafuleni, kodwa futhi usigcwalisa ulwazi kokuqala.

elula uhlobo cell

Ngokucacile of MySQL ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi, ikakhulukazi PHP, ngokuvamile kwenza intuthwane umthamo kwemininingwane ethandwa: wokuqala nomkhulu kunabo bonke, netipirovannostyu eziguquguqukayo zayo. Izintambo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, njengoba kudingeka - inombolo nosuku, ngezinye izikhathi idatha okunengqondo. amathuba angeziwe echaza idatha MySQL ukudala itafula iqukethe ezingavamile. Nakuba mithandazo kunqunywa inkinga ingaxazululwa. Ungasebenzisa lonke uhla idatha nge ukudala itafula MySQL, isibonelo - yimuphi yesimanje ukuphathwa kokuqukethwe uhlelo iwebhusayithi.

Yini futhi indlela yokusebenzisa - ichaza unjiniyela. Kuleli qophelo ngesikhathi, ngokusho Wikipedia, ivolumu kanye nesivinini izici MySQL ungahlangana umcabango capacious iningi ikhasimende, ikhumbula isipiliyoni lonjiniyela esetshenziswa. Lapho ukusetshenziswa MySQL ukudala itafula okuzenzakalelayo-izakhiwo ukuvumela ukudala (amatafula ezingenalutho) okuhlanzekile amaseli ubude variable futhi ukwakha okuqukethwe ashukumisayo enqubeni.

Inxanxathela isakhiwo idatha

Umumo izinhlobo elula idatha, umugqa wokuqala, kuye kwaholela nesithakazelo esikhulayo umklamo kolwazi eziyinkimbinkimbi izinto lapho esebenza database is kuguquka isitoreji izintambo main, izinombolo (izinkomba - avame), izinsuku, futhi "idatha big" - izithombe , imisindo, nokunye okuqukethwe capacious. Lapha lwesigodi yokudala SQL Ithebula le MySQL cishe akukho kwemingcele. Ngoba bonke lula nekufinyelela "imisipha" uMklami has ekuchithweni kwayo amandla agcwele SQL yangempela.

Ngaphandle elula ngokuya cell hlobo semininingwane wezinhlamvu noma varchar bashintsha algorithm lokufunda into ephelele - idatha isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi (izakhiwo, izindlela, i-syntax kanye engasho lutho), futhi lapho okuqoshiwe futhi ukudonselwa ifomu compact, ngokuyisisekelo kwalo kunqunywa ngunjiniyela.

Ithebula iyunithi

ikholomu kuphela, kuphela imigqa uyedwa lesici empambana zabo, futhi munye kuphela uhlobo - cell. Lona eziyisisekelo umthetho isakhiwo MySQL "ukudala itafula". Ayikho MySQL Uhlobo lwedatha akuyona yasekuqaleni: inombolo, yezinhlamvu, usuku ... Akukona ukulandela kusuka syntax, kodwa kuvela practice.

Unicode kuhunyushwa cell angakwazi ukubekezelela ke yiluphi uhlobo lwento, ngenxa nezidingo umsebenzi. Ngokombono database ukuthi "noma yikuphi" - umugqa kuphela.

Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini, kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa unjiniyela ukhetha. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi (ngokuvumelana Wikipedia) ivolumu kanye nesivinini MySQL imingcele onganelisa umcabango capacious iningi ikhasimende, ikhumbula isipiliyoni lonjiniyela esetshenziswa.

"Olukhuni" kukhona itafula silula, wahlela indlela kakhulu elula. Uma unjiniyela ubeka kuwo wonke emkhakheni we incazelo efanele, couching it in wezinhlamvu noma varchar uhlobo ngaphakathi MySQL ukudala yakho etafuleni le-syntax, etafuleni azosebenza.

ithebula inamba

Kufanele futhi ukhulume izinkomba e MySQL. Yakha ithebula ikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha ukuchaza kubo bese usebenzisa ukufinyelela amavolumu enkulu idatha. Le ndlela kuyaqondakala kakhulu, ajwayelekile phelelisa imininingwane yokuthi nokwenza kuncike ijubane CPU, amasampula ukulondoloza isikhashana anobuciko ukubala algorithm ngokuvamile akhethiwe idatha ukuhlela php.ini, my.ini futhi httpd.conf.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, akukho lutho kuvimbela umthuthukisi ukudala umbono wakho siqu "Idatha" - "okhiye idatha" ukuze kube lula inamba - akukho imigqa kuthebula, izinombolo kuphela. A micro ukudala itafula int MySQL uyosinika konke lonke kunesidingo kwetafula: ukufinyelela okulula, operation elula, ukusebenza okugcwele ngejubane ekahle.

Integers, ihlelwe njengoba amakhadi idatha yangempela amatafula enkulu futhi bulky, ngeke ukukhethwa kanye ukuguqulwa Imininingwane ngaphandle kwezinkinga ukusheshisa. Ngokukhethekile ukudala inguqulo isihluthulelo ukufinyelela kuze kuphele isikhathi umsebenzi, ungasebenzisa ukudala itafula isakhiwo sesikhashana, MySQL kudala itafula yesikhashana ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa. Noma, ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzisi ngamunye - itafula ukhiye.

Kulesisimo-ke, i-syntax aluboniswa ukusetshenziswa ukwakha etafuleni uma ayikho MySQL ikuvumela ukudala amatafula ezidingekayo, ngisho nalapho bengekho ezingalindelekile, isibonelo, kwaba elingalungile okokufaka / okukhipha noma ikhompyutha ukuphahlazeka, nangenkomba iphazamiseke.

Ukugcwaliseka kwazo ine - MySQL +

Ngokomlando, database isakhiwo idatha okunenjongo. Design M ySQL ukudala itafula ekuqaleni balandela imiqondo classical idatha futhi indawo yabo sediski. izinhlelo Inthanethi, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke kukho ine kanye logic of the ethandwa okuqukethwe ukuphathwa uhlelo, wenza eziyinqaba, Uma unganakile, ukufuduka: omunye base kungaba inhlanganisela eziningana. Ukuhlukana kuba igama ithebula Isiqalo.

Abanye abahlinzeki ibamba nqumela esizindeni sokwaziswa se-amagama izimfuno zabo, olufana negama semininingwane iqala igama ukusingathwa umnikazi.

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, akunandaba yini ukubiza nendlela ukuyibiza itafula database. Nokho, isimo siqala ukuba bamele hhayi nje i-syntax MySQL futhi nezidingo ibamba le-syntax plus, okusho MySQL +.

A itafula elincane, kubalula ezihlelwe ngayo, futhi kancane it uloba, le luthe ukuqina ke ingenisa ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo lapho izenzo oyifunayo lwenziwa nge idatha.

Ngomqondo onabile, yimuphi umsebenzi kulula ukupenda tincenye aphansi, umbuzo kuphela, kangakanani izobiza lula ezinjalo.

Uma udinga MySQL ehlanzekile, ukuthi ungumnikazi ibamba server yakho siqu, lapho ingeke ibe khona imingcele isibalo yolwazi noma imithetho nokuzitjho futhi ilungu amatafula abo.

A ezihlukahlukene izinguqulo ze-Apache / MySQL / PHP

Bethembela imvelo ibamba - enkingeni hhayi okungaka, njengoba isimo kubalulekile ukuze izinhlelo yesimanje ukuzivikela. Ungakwazi ukubhala PHP 7.0.13, zisebenzisa MySQL 5.7.16, kodwa ikhasimende uzobe usingethe, ukuvumela kuphela inguqulo ye-Perl kanye ne "imisipha" 4.1.1 noma inguqulo endala ye-PHP.

Ngokuvamile (okuyinto ngenhlanhla akuyona Eqinisweni) ibamba etholakalayo ku-Linux, FreeBSD, Ubuntu futhi izinhlelo nezinye Izinguquko yunikosopodobnyh. Bonke umsebenzi omuhle, kodwa ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu, izinguqulo zabo emihlanganweni AMP (Apache, MySQL, PHP). Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi, hhayi njalo ithimba kulapho ezosebenza esikhathini version elilandelayo, nakuba wasebenza kulowo odlule.

operation enjalo elula njengoba ukuthekelisa semininingwane iyiphi inguqulo ye-MySQL owenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kokubili kusuka Ngenisa Ngenisa phpMyAdmin, futhi kusukela kumugqa womyalo. Imininingwane yokungenisa ukusebenza ngeke zenzeke. Njalo nje asikho isidingo sokuthi ashintshe okuthile PHP wakho, MySQL iseva noma Apache. Uma izinguquko musa asize, kubalulekile ukubheka ezinye izindlela.

Iqiniso elisobala, ukuhlinzwa engenziwa ngokuhlela kabusha database, ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo noma iseva. Lokhu akulona ikhambi best, kodwa ngokuvamile ngempumelelo.

Ukudalwa semininingwane ithebula / ukuqinisekiswa

Syntax MySQL ukudala itafula akuvamile esebenzayo samuntu bayo obujwayelekile. Uma kubhekwa ngokomongo ethandwa ukuphathwa kokuqukethwe uhlelo: kuyohlale kukhona Classic uhlobo. Umsebenzi nsuku zonke elula silihlobanise umongo umkhuba: okuyinto Amasimu bayadingeka etafuleni, okumele abe nohlobo kanye nosayizi bona. Zonke ezinye kusadingeka ngicwenge inqubo yentuthuko: iqoqo lezinhlamvu, hlunga oda, okhiye.

Optimum inguqulo ye-algorithm, lapho ngisho yokuntuleka database kungaphazamisi isayithi ukuze uqalise. Ungabhala umsebenzi wakho siqu hlola egciniwe kanye / noma itafula lapho udinga ukudala hhayi kuphela izakhiwo ulwazi, kodwa futhi ukuba ugcwalise ulwazi lwabo lokuqala.

Kaningi zisebenzisa uchungechunge imiklamo Yakha ithebula uma ayikho, MySQL akazange amangale umnikazi isayithi noma isivakashi ngokungazelelwe lolo uthi: akukho egciniwe noma ithebula isakhiwo siphukile.

Ngo yesimanje izinhlelo ojwayelekile we "ithemba kodwa uqinisekise" ayisebenzi, noma kunalokho izosebenzisa logic of the "uhlole bese usebenzisa."

Yakha ithebula: ithebula MySQL umsebenzisi isampula

Ukubhaliswa yezivakashi ezintsha emnyango / ephumayo abasebenzisi indawo baye basungula izikhathi eziningi, kodwa umkhawulo sokuphelela kule ngxenye ebalulekile kunoma iyiphi isayithi okwamanje.

Ngezindlela eziningi, okokufaka / okukhipha kanye nokubhaliswa ichazwe ngu okusetshenzelwa isayithi kanye / noma usebenzise okuqukethwe ukuphathwa uhlelo, kodwa ngokuvamile - isifiso ukuthuthukisa okuthile ivikeleke kakhulu, ukuvikela akhawunti yomsebenzisi, ukuvimbela nokugenca indawo.

Ngokuvamile MySQL database iphephe kakhulu kune-website, kodwa uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ayikwazi wabusa isibonisi isiphequluli imilayezo yamaphutha ikhodi kwe-site, equkethe amagama kanye namaphasiwedi database.

Ukwenza okuhle - ukwabelana idatha izingxenye static kanye ashukumisayo. On isibonelo itafula umsebenzisi, ungaba ngobuningi abasebenzisi spreadsheet cache_users asebenzayo. Ithebula lokuqala iqukethe inqwaba abasebenzisi, kwesibili - kuphela kulabo ababesebenza ngosuku lokugcina (isibonelo). Wonke umsebenzisi omusha engekho ethebuleni yesibili, kwafika ngemva emnyango / reception futhi agcinwe isikhathi esithile.

Kodwa division zibe amatafula amabili lapha akagcini ngokunikeza idatha lesampuli (itafula elincane njalo ngokushesha kunokuba besiyoba sikhulu futhi kube elikhulu), kodwa futhi iqiniso ukuthi esifanelana kuphela ulwazi oludingekayo kaningi lapho uqhuba yimuphi ikhasimende ye isayithi ethile. Ukuze izibonelo zalokho noma izinguquko idatha ngokwemvelo esetshenziswa etafuleni main.

Memory, ulwazi kanye yolwazi

Esikhathini emkhakheni kolwazi nobuchwepheshe ngandlela-thile uwukakabi ukumela ulimi inkumbulo izinhlelo. Ulimi - eziguquguqukayo, constants netakhiwo, kokuvumela ukuba okuthile futhi ngandlela-thile ukusetshenziswa. Database - yinto nokugcina. Kusukela ke ungakwazi ukukhetha okuthile kuwo ungarekhoda okuthile.

ulimi Kuhlanganiswe kanye nohlaka ngenjongo yokusebenza ngolwazi, kodwa logic of the ubuhlobo kule triad aluphelele ngakho, ngisho kweqembu okulula AMP: Apache, PHP, MySQL. Lapha yonke into icacile: iseva, ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo kanye database - konke okudingekayo ukuze iningi imisebenzi.

SQL ulimi - ngolimi olufanayo izinhlelo, futhi ngempela database has siqu logic imisebenzi yayo, siqu izinhlelo umqondo. Lapha sinawo isifiso database izinhlelo eceleni. PHP - ithuluzi elihle, kodwa ukusho ukuthi izimisele ngokwanele semininingwane uhlangothi, kunzima. Nokho, isimo sawo futhi imisebenzi athuthukiswe futhi ngcono.

Uma sihlanganisa PHP and MySQL e yisikhungo esisodwa, uthola ithuluzi, unenkumbulo. Inketho inhlanganisela anomqondo wento izinhlelo into-ngamakhasimende: into echazwe ngolimi ngesikhathi lusizo yabo kumemori (database) esimeni ezihlangene. Lapho kuba khona isidingo, kuyehla ibe into okugcwele usebenza ngokuhambisana enekhono.