UJesu Ha-. UJesu Ha-: isici. Bulgakov, "Nkosi noMargarita"

Abantu abaningi ukufunda Amazing Roman Bulgakova "Master noMargarita". Abagxeki kwakhiwa imibono ehlukene mayelana nomkhiqizo. Futhi abantu uyifunde, phendula ambiguously ethi ngesikhathi esifanayo wonke umuntu ehlelwa imizwa iphikisana ngokuphelele nemizwelo.

Ohlukile Romana Bulgakova

Namuhla, abafundi nethuba ubone isithombe ezinyakazayo, okwakubekelwa alengayo esekelwe inoveli "Umninimuzi UMargarita", futhi ukubona ukusebenza ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Shiya isikhathi eside a baxgeki ziye zazama ukuthola uhlobo lomsebenzi, ukuqonda ukuthi yini umyalezo kufanele abonise le umfundi, kodwa ngabo akwenzekanga. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi incwadi eyabhalwa Bulgakov, ngokuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi izakhi ezahlukene. Ngokumangalisayo, le noveli-inganekwane asishicilelwa besekhona lalobhalako, ngoba ayebheka ezingasebenzi futhi abanathemba. Kodwa kwaba khona kanye emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabili nesithupha kusukela ekufeni umdali yencwadi, njengoba abaningi banesithakazelo ke, futhi yanyatheliswa ngo-1966. Incredible wukuthi konke lokhu isikhathi eside unkosikazi Bulgakov yaqhubeka umbhalo wesandla futhi ekholelwa ukuthi ngelinye ilanga uyoba ethengwa kakhulu.

uhlamvu ozithandayo

Abantu abaningi ukufunda inoveli "Umninimuzi UMargarita", nezinhlamvu abawuthandayo. Ikakhulukazi ezithakazelisayo kubhekwa uJesu Ha-. umbhali yakhe ikhomba uJesu Kristu, futhi ulunika uhlamvu ikakhulukazi engcwele. Noma kunjalo, itulo buchitha ukuze uJesu kuhluke ngokuphelele iVangeli isithombe saint.

UJesu Ha-lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi isiHebheru, uJesu usho ukuthini. Okwakushiwo isidlaliso engavamile ngisho engacabangeki. Igama eliyingqayizivele akuzange kusungulwe Bulgakov, wavele waboleka ke kusukela yomunye wabalingiswa play chevkinite. Umlobi wafuna kwakubhekwa ukuthi abalungile futhi kwaba protagonist kule noveli. Esikhathini sethu, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yale ncwadi amadili ngqo Master noMargarita, kanye namabutho amnyama.

Ukuba iqhawe uJoshuwa

UMikhail Bulgakov wachitha isikhathi eside deliberating isithombe hero, okuyinto wayefuna ukuchaza. Njengoba isizathu, wathatha ezinye izahluko Gospel, owadlula test sakhe kanye nokwelashwa obuphelele babeka phansi kubo. Ngakho, umlobi ngifuna ukuqinisekisa siqinisile. Nansi indlela yokukwenza kwafika uJesu Ha-kabani isithombe eziningi, yena Bulgakov, uma kuqhathaniswa nomuntu likaJesu.

Ngaphezu ulwazi kusuka Gospel, umbhali wahosha ezinye izigcawu kanye nemininingwane zobuciko. Mhlawumbe yilesi sizathu esenza "Umninimuzi UMargarita" kuyinto uhlobo edidayo, njengoba kwesisekelo eqanjiwe, ukubhinqa, imfihlakalo, umzekeliso, romance nokuningi.

UMikhail Bulgakov, ukudala isithombe kaYeshua, okokuqala ancike izintandokazi zabo, uma ungalele ucabangana egcwele, umuntu enempilo ngokwengqondo. Wayazi ukuthi umphakathi ugcwele phama udaka, umona neminye imizwelo engafanele. Ngakho-ke, uJesu - sibonelo of umuntu omusha, okuyinto ezinkolelweni zakhe, neqiniso futhi bube nokwethembeka ngokwemvelo. Ngale ndlela, Bulgakov isinqumo ithonya emphakathini kanye umuntu ngamunye.

Isici uhlamvu

Bulgakov unaka uJesu Ha-omkhulu futhi ngokuqondile kugcizelela umehluko okukhulu phakathi hero intandokazi noJesu Kristu. Ukufana izinhlamvu kubonakala kwezinye izikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, uJesu wagcotshwa futhi wakhashelwa uJuda esiphambanweni esiphambanweni, kodwa ngenye indlela kuwumuntu ehluke ngokuphelele. Unjani i umalalepayipini abavamile othanda philosophize, futhi ungathola yokwesaba engokwemvelo ubuhlungu ngokomzimba. UJesu wasibekela inkolo eyayinaso unkulunkulu ukuboniswa, into engcwele futhi zingakwazi ukufunda ukufa evamile.

UMikhail Bulgakov wazama ukwakha ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele uJesu Ha-. A uhlamvu lilula, kodwa umnandi kakhulu. Kwakungumuntu ekuqaleni waseNazaretha owazibiza ngokuthi sefilosofi abajikelezayo. Heroes ngokwabo, okungukuthi Master, owayesebenza ku inoveli yakhe siqu, futhi Voland, uJesu uchazwa njengewele prototype likaJesu Kristu. Ngakho, uJesu Ha-noJesu abanalo azifane, kube senkingeni efanayo. Kodwa uma kungenjalo abahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.

Beka uJesu Ha-inoveli

A umlingisi lomcoka enovelini iwuphawu ukukhanya ubuhle. Yena - a ngokuphelele Woland, obhekwa uJehova ebumnyameni. UJesu elikhona cishe zonke storylines. Bulgakov wabhala ngayo ekuqaleni, naso ibizwa nangokuthi embhalweni ekupheleni incwadi. Iphuzu eliyinhloko ukuthi Ha-hhayi ukwenza ngokuvumelana noNkulunkulu. Ngokuvamile, kulo lonke inoveli neze Bulgakov azange abhale mayelana ezulwini noma esihogweni. Konke lokhu isihlobo umdali yencwadi, futhi lowo uNkulunkulu akekho mbuzo.

Imibono yamaKhomanisi, kuthathwe njengesisekelo, okunye okucishe kufane kuya-Gnostic noma Manichean. Kulokhu amaqembu zihlukaniswe ngokucacile okuhle nokubi. Njengoba isisho sibonisa, akukho lwesithathu. Nokho, ubonakala ukuthi encwadini futhi abameleli eyodwa kanye nezinye izindawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi okuhle umusa kaYeshua Ha-, omele ezimbi Woland. Bayalingana ngokuphelele futhi abanalo ilungelo ukugxambukela ebukhoneni nemisebenzi nomunye.

ngesakhiwo ezingalindelekile

It kuphawulwe ngenhla, ukuthi okuhle nokubi ngeke ezindabeni nomunye. Kodwa enovelini ingatholakala uma uJesu uzoqala ukufunda incwadi Masters. Yena isikhalazo okungavamile kufanele isebenze, futhi enquma ukuthumela Woland Levi Mathewu. Sicela uJesu ukuba akhulule Master noMargarita ebubini futhi abavuze ukuthula. UJesu Ha-kabani isithombe beyibonakala Welukwa ezinhle, enquma ukwenza ezingalindelekile, ngoba isivumelwano sokuthula-non-ukuphazamiseka ezindabeni nomunye senziwa eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Ngakho, izingozi Siyakwamukela futhi umelana okubi asebenzayo.

ikhono kaYeshua

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile uJesu Ha-okuyinto izingcaphuno ngekhanda cishe bonke abantu, wayeyisazi sefilosofi omkhulu, ayenazo unamandla amakhulu. Loku kubonakala kahle emakhasini inoveli, lapho isazi sefilosofi uPilatu zelashwe ikhanda. Yebo, le ndoda kwakudingeka isipho sangempela, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kwaba ovamile, lapho ugcizelela UMikhail Bulgakov. Esikhathini inoveli "Umninimuzi UMargarita" zonke ezichazwe ngendlela ehluke Ngaphandle kwaseBhayibhelini. Lokhu kufakazelwa yesehlakalo, okwenzeka kwi ndaba: UJoshuwa Mathewu wabheka lo mbhalo wesandla kanye wethuka kwaphela nasozwaneni, ngoba cishe konke kwashiwo kwaba iqiniso. Eminye imicimbi uqondane ngokoqobo, kodwa nengxenye kuphela. Ngakho Bulgakov wayechaza ukuthini kubantu ukuthi iBhayibheli - hhayi standard, futhi mhlawumbe ingxenye lokho elikushoyo - amanga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali uveza ukuthi uJesu wafa, ungalokothi amanga cha dazula izimiso nezinkolelo zabo. Yilokho abantu bonke babebambelela ngimbonga futhi ebatshazwa kakhulu umuntu engcwele. UJesu waba engavamile kuphela ngoba kwaba kweqiniso, fair futhi enesibindi. Bulgakov ezama ukugcizelela zonke lezi zimfanelo futhi adlulisele kubantu: nakhu - irhuluphelo umuntu wangempela.

Ukubulawa umlingisi

Ngemva kwathiwa wavulela uJesu, uPontiyu Pilatu wanquma ukubhekana nazo ongenabo ubudlova. Embikweni wakhe, wabhala ukuthi isazi sefilosofi ezulazulayo akusho abalona ingozi futhi ubhekwa uhlanya. Ngenxa yalokhu, uJesu wathunyelwa eKhesariya Stratonian iMedithera. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi indoda ngamazwi okubangelwa isasasa isixuku, futhi nje wanquma ukuyeka.

Njengoba eboshiwe lombiko uJesu esibhaliwe ayengumbusi wesifundazwe, lapho waveza umbono wakhe mayelana nesenzo neziphathimandla - ukuthi benza abantu iziboshwa, futhi ngaphandle kwazo abantu bayohlala ezweni elihluke ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, endaweni lapho kukhona ubulungisa iqiniso. Ngemva kokufunda umbiko, umbusi unqume ukuthi ukubulawa kaYeshua Ha-ngenakugwemeka. Wagomela yokuthi umuntu wayedelele umbusi, futhi ngeke abuye asekele lokhu.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uPontiyu Pilatu wamemeza ethi engcono, uhulumeni neqiniso futhi bube nokwethembeka, ezingasetshenziswa kuphela emhlabathini - lokhu wokubusa kombusi uTiberiyu. Ngalesi sikhathi kunjalo kaYeshua savalwa. Ngemva kwalokho, lapho wayeyiqhawe isigwebo, abesabekayo kakhulu futhi esindayo - wabethelwa esiphambanweni esiphambanweni sokhuni. Nge kokufa kukaJoshuwa konke liqala ukukhanya ebumnyameni. Nokho, abantu abahlala sefilosofi wacabanga abangane abo futhi bakholelwa kubo, bazibonakalise nohlangothi ehluke ngokuphelele. Izakhamizi ezizayo ubunyoninco ukubulawa esibi, isithombe esivelayo bebona abanye imiphumela injabulo. kuphetha Ngakho umhlaba indlela Ha-Joshuwa, nobuntu eyisilinganiso ka babekezelela.

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Ukuze walala umbono wabo mayelana iqhawe, kudingeka ufunde ku siqu wobuciko sabo esiyingqayizivele Bulgakov. Futhi kungaleyo ndlela kuphela ubona movie, wathwebula emagcekeni alo. Isikhathi esabelwe ukuba bajwayelane abalingiswa "Umninimuzi UMargarita", isiphetho sabo ngeke kubangele kodwa ezojabulisa kakhulu.