Uhlobo isebenza "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu." inoveli kwenqondo Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova

Roman M. Yu. Lermontova "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" yakhululwa ngo-1840. Umlobi wabhala umsebenzi oyinhloko ekuphileni kwakhe iminyaka emibili, ukushicilela ke emakhasini umagazini ethandwa "Amanothi we lawobaba." Lo msebenzi lwaluwushintsho hhayi kuphela emsebenzini wakhe, kodwa futhi ezincwadini Russian sisonke, njengoba le ncwadi okwenzeka kuqala ngokugqamile futhi kuphumelele ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuhlaziya ngokwengqondo enemininingwane umlingiswa oyinhloko. Kwakuyisimanga kanye lelandzisako Ukwakheka ngokwayo, okuyinto yayihlukene phakathi. Zonke lezi zici imisebenzi yabakhanga baxgeki, abafundi, futhi kwenza kwaba uphawu lokuma ku uhlobo yayo.

design

Roman Lermontova awavelanga angaqondi ukuthi kungani. Umbhali usebenzisa kokubili kwezilwandle futhi imithombo ezifuywayo esamenza ukudala umlingisi ngokubikezela izinto ezididayo nezingathembekile indaba engavamile. Mikhail Yurevich bhuku ku umqondo wakhe kuyinto iyafana "Evgeniya Onegina" Pushkin, nakuba Ubhalwe isitayela eyisimanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsunguli wancika isipiliyoni angaphandle ekudaleni umhlaba yangaphakathi hero. inoveli kwenqondo kwakuvele kwaziwa e-Europe. Uhlobo isebenza "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" lingachazwa ngokuthi inoveli ezingokwengqondo ngenxa ukunakwa komlobi ukuziphatha kanye nemizwelo Pechorin.

Ngokucace izimfanelo ezinjalo ebonakaliswa imisebenzi uthisha French Rousseau. Kungenzeka futhi ukudweba ukufana okukhona phakathi kwemisebenzi kumbhali nemisebenzi Byron, Bestuzhev-Marly. Ekwakheni indaba yakhe yokuqala, umlobi udzimelela namaqiniso isikhathi sakhe, okubonakala isihloko. Ngekusho kwembhali wencwadzi, wafuna ukudala i-portrait jikelele yesizukulwane sakhe - intsha abahlakaniphileko awukwazi ukuthatha noma yini wena ukuchitha amandla akho imisebenzi engenamsebenzi ezilimaza, kokubili ngokwabo kanye nabanye.

Izici ukwakheka

Roman Lermontova ine ukwakhiwa engavamile njengoba kuqhathaniswa nezinye imisebenzi of fana hlobo. Okokuqala, kuhlukumeza ukulandelana ngokulandelana kwazo zonke izenzakalo izenzakalo; okwesibili, umlandzi Izıhlabane eziningana, kuhlanganise, futhi kusukela umlingisi lomcoka. inqubo enjalo ukhethwa umlobi akuyona ngephutha. Waqala indaba nge maphakathi nawo-impilo Pechorin ngamabomu. Umfundi uthola umbono sakhe ngala mazwi yomfokazi, uzakwabo wangaphambili Maxim Maksimych. Khona-ke, umbhali libonisa amehlo akhe yemlandzi, owabonayo edlulayo, kodwa wakwazi ukwenza sakhe umqondo lonke ilungelo.

iqhawe isithombe

Njengoba kule noveli ngokwengqondo kuhilela analysis eningiliziwe emhlabeni engaphakathi uhlamvu, zinyanga izingxenye ezimbili ezilotshiwe egameni Pechorin ngesimo kwedayari. Ngakho, umfundi ubona izinhlamvu amaphuzu ezihlukene zokuphila kwakhe, ngubani Kubonakala sengathi neze exhunywe nomunye. Ngakho Lermontov wafuna ukwenza dissociation kwesikhathi, ngokuzama ukuze abonise ukuthi kuyize bokuba khona uhlamvu yakho, okuyinto ezinkathini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwakhe izibonakalisa hhayi ezinhlangothini engcono.

Qhathanisa Onegin

Uhlobo isebenza "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" - inoveli bakhetha ngokwengqondo. Lo msebenzi, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, okwenzeka kuqala izincwadi Russian kudalwa uhlobo olusha uhlamvu - okubizwa ngokuthi abantu engadingekile. Nokho, futhi Lermontov abanye abalobi wadala uhlamvu abangazange angena usungule umhlahlandlela zezenhlalo nezombusazwe ngokoqobo Russian we nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu le-19. Isibonelo okusobala kakhulu - Eugene Onegin, okuyinto kuyafana Pechorin kwaba esihle nje njengoba wangaphumelela uzama ukuthola okungenani amanye ukusetshenziswa amabutho namakhono abo. Nokho, uma Pushkin kuvezwa uhlamvu yakhe amahlaya nabanomusa ke Lermontov wagcizelela ingxenye okukhulu. inoveli kwenqondo Mikhail Yurevich isibe omunye imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu isikhathi.

Isici isithombe Pechorin

Umlomo iqhawe yakhe, yena ugxeke izenzo ezimbi okubi emphakathini wesimanje, kamunyu ihlekisa amaphutha emhlabeni. Lena isici Pechorin isithombe - engachithi isikhathi isikhathi eyize njengoba Onegin edolobhaneni, isimo sakhe sengqondo ukuze ukuphila okhuthele, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ugxeke izici ezingezinhle emphakathini, lapho ukuphotha, kodwa nezenzo, eneka ezizungezile uhlobo ukuhlolwa kwengqondo.

Ingxenye yokuqala

Uhlobo isebenza "iqhawe besikhathi sethu" uhlonzwe isici umbhalo kule noveli. Umbhali esethwe ku beqa isiko izincwadi Russian, sibangela Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, eqala uhlelo lwendaba entsha lelandzisako ashukumisayo. Lermontov akazange agxile ukuhlaziya eningiliziwe isimo sangaphakathi iqhawe lakhe. Okokuqala yayinesithakazelo incazelo nezizathu zaleso eziyinqaba, okungavamile, ukuziphatha impikiswano Pechorin. Umzamo wokuqala ukuchaza ubunjalo isikhulu abasha wathatha Maksim Maksimych, induna inqaba Caucasian lapho Pechorin wakhonza.

Okuhle uCaptain ayezama ngobuqotho ukunikeza incazelo okungenani ezinye izenzo oluyinqaba uzakwabo: ukuthunjwa nguBhela yothando lwakhe ngaye kanye nokupholisa okusheshayo izinzwa, sobala bakhe, a nandaba kubonakala sengathi kwaba sekufeni kwakhe enyantisayo. Nokho, Maksim Maksimych, elula kakhulu futhi unsophisticated, futhi bengaqondi ukuthi isizathu ngokuphonsa umphefumulo Pechorin. Umlandi, uthi kuphela ukuthi yokugcina okwabonakala kuye umuntu engajwayelekile, ngoba ukubonakala kwakhe kwalandelwa uchungechunge lwezenzakalo eziyinqaba ezibuhlungu.

portrait

Ngezinye izifundo esikoleni ezincwadini kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abafundi baqonde imisebenzi uhlobo "iqhawe besikhathi sethu." Le ncwadi yakhiwa portrait ngokwengqondo Pechorin, okuyinto yena, kuyinto portrait lilonke abalobi wesimanje asemasha. Ingxenye yesibili yomsebenzi Kuyathakazelisa ngoba kulo umfundi ubona Pechorin emehlweni oyedwa naye isimo sabo emphakathini, ubudala, ezemfundo nokuqeqeshwa. Ngakho-ke, incazelo eyanikezwa yemlandzi kule uhlamvu, kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile ngoba, naphezu ngendlela eshelelayo sokuhlolwa kanye ngobufushane umhlangano, wedlula incazelo induna. Okuqakathekileko yokuthi yemlandzi engachazi nje ukubukeka, kodwa futhi uzama ukuqagela isimo sengqondo Pechorin, futhi ngokwengxenye kungenzeka. Yilokhu uchaza yokuthi kungani noveli "A Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" libizwa ngokwengqondo. Umlandzi uyalibona nobunjalo Pechorin ngezici ezinjengobumnene ukucabangela, ubuthakathaka kanye ukukhathala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waphawula ukuthi bekungelona ukwehla esithobayo ngokwenyama nangokomoya. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa elithi kwamehlo akhe, okuyinto bakhanya nabanye ukukhanya phosphorescent futhi akazange smile lapho wahleka.

ukuhlangana

Umvuthwandaba le ngxenye ukuchaza Petchorin umhlangano abasebenzi induna. Kugcine nabalangazelelekayo kulo mhlangano, yena, waphuthuma ku-ofisa abasha ukuba umngane ubudala, kodwa wahlangana ngempela lokumamukela cool. Old uCaptain wathukuthela kakhulu. Nokho, umlobi, kamuva eshicilelwe Diaries Pechorin, yathi ngemva kokuyifunda waqonda kakhulu ubunjalo umlingisi, ukuhlaziya ngokuningiliziwe izenzo zabo kanye nokushiyeka. Yilokhu kusenza siqonde ukuthi kungani noveli "A Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" libizwa ngokwengqondo. Nokho, umhlangano Maxim esiteji Maksimych umfundi kungenzeka uhlamvu bamangale noma isihlamba ngenxa nandaba ezinjalo. Kulesi uzwela isiqephu ngokuphelele ohlangothini induna ubudala.

Story "Taman"

Lo msebenzi luvula ekuqaleni kwedayari Pechorin. Kuyo isiphathimandla abasha ekutshela hhayi kuphela indaba sesiphila ome njengeqanda edolobhaneni elingasolwandle, kodwa futhi ukuhlaziya ukuziphatha kwabo. U-Ella wamangala ukoma kwakhe nokuhahela ukuphila, siphawula ukuthi zavela futhi kuyize angenelele ukuphila we abashushumbisi.

Isifiso lokuzimbandakanya empilweni yomdlali kwabanye abantu, ngisho ngokumelene nentando yabo - ukuthi kuleli cala main theme. "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" - inoveli egxile hhayi kakhulu incazelo izenzakalo zangaphandle, kodwa kunalokho ku analysis eningiliziwe yangaphakathi isimo abadlali. Engxenyeni yesibili Pechorin iba ubufakazi amaqhinga abashushumbisi kanye kunalokho ngobudedengu unika kude izimfihlakalo zayo. Ngenxa yalokho, akazange cishe waminza, futhi lezi zigelekeqe waphoqeleka ukuba babaleke emizini yabo. Ngakho, ngomzamo ukuqonda Pechorin siqu ukuziphatha okungalungile - lena ingxenye main theme yesibili. "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" Kuyathakazelisa ngoba njalo iveza umfanekiso yomdlali iziqondiso ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ezingalindelekile.

"Inkosazana uMariya"

mhlawumbe Lena ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo umsebenzi. Kuyinto kule ngxenye umlingisi kwembulwe ngokugcwele. Isenzo senzeka khona emanzini oqabulayo eCaucasus.

Isiphathiswa abasha, bakugcone umngane wakhe Grushnitsky, ukuthandana ne abasha Princess uMariya. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yena ngokwakhe qakala wakhe, nokho, yena akakwazi umthanda ngempela. inoveli Pechorin sika "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" kule ndaba kwembula uqobo ngohlangothi disadvantageous. It hhayi kuphela ekhohlisa intombazane, kodwa duel abulale Grushnitsky. Nokho kule ngxenye Grigoriy Aleksandrovich ngendlela engenaluzwela udalula kahle. Lapha uchaza ubuntu bakhe: emazwini akhe, i yokuchitha isizungu zavela, ukungabi nabangane isihawu nokuqonda ukuba lokhu kwakusho ukuthi waba Bile, nentukuthelo mnyewu. Nokho, waphetha ngokuthi "inhliziyo umuntu ongaziwa ngazo zonke." Yena izingxenye isitatimende bakhe ukuba bangagcini ngokushumayela kwabanye abantu kodwa futhi yena.

Pechorin e "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" inoveli, yembulwe kule ndaba ngokugcwele. Ezithakazelisa kakhulu yerekhodi lakhe ukucabanga ngosuku olwandulela duel Grushnitsky, lapho ufingqa konke ukuphila kwakhe. Isiphathiswa abasha uthi ukuphila kwakhe, yebo, leyo wenza njani umqondo, kodwa ukuthi yena uye wahluleka ukuqonda kwakhe.

uthando umugqa

Siza ukuze uqonde kangcono ubunjalo ubudlelwano bakhe nabesifazane. Esikhathini inoveli kukhona ezintathu love story, ngalinye elikwazi uveza ukwaziwa isikhulu abasha kusuka ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Eyokuqala yalezi lihlotshaniswa ulayini Bela. Ngokwemvelo wayengumhlali intombazane, inkululeko-onothando, njengoba esekhulile ezintabeni izizwana Caucasian.

Ngakho-ke, empeleni Ukupholisa okusheshayo ke Pechorin sengimbulele. Le noveli "A Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu", izinhlamvu zesifazane ezisiza ukuba ngiziqonde kangcono portrait ngokwengqondo umlingisi, enikelwe uthole incazelo eningiliziwe yokuthi ukuziphatha isikhulu abasha. Engxenyeni yesibili kukhona umugqa uthando, kodwa kunalokho ezingabalulekile.

Noma kunjalo, indaba wakhonza njengephayona ngesisekelo nozungu endabeni yesibili. The hero yena akazi ukuthi ukuhlola izenzo zabo: "Isiwula noma a villain, Angazi" - uthi ngaye ngokwakhe. Umfundi ubona ukuthi Pechorin is kahle ababeyizazi Psychology kubantu ababezizungezile: masinyane eqagela umlingisi lesihambi. Nokho, ithambekele adventure entsha, kulokho waqaphela, okwaholela enesiphetho ongaziwa.

Umkhiqizo we "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu", izinhlamvu kabani zesifazane ezithakazelisa ngoba ngandlela-thile ukuthonywa isiphetho Pechorin, kuphelile uthando zokugcina umugqa wasehhovisi kanye inkosazana. Kugcine nentshisekelo uhlamvu yasekuqaleni Pechorin, kodwa ihlulekile ukuqeda ekuqonda. Ngo indaba efanayo kukhona incazelo ubudlelwane Grigori Aleksandrovich nge Princess Vera, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunabo bonke abanye waqonda ubuntu bakhe. Ngakho, noveli yokuqala ngokwengqondo izincwadi isiRashiya kwakuwulimi umkhiqizo we "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu." Izilinganiso umlingiswa oyinhloko uyibonise esinjengesomuntu eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi edidayo.