Uhlelo lwe-Venous: isakhiwo nomsebenzi

Uhlelo lwezinyosi luyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sokujikeleza komzimba womuntu. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-slags nezinyosi zisusiwe, ukulinganisela oketshezi kumaseli kulawulwa. Lapha, ukuhamba kwegazi kuya enhliziyweni futhi kulula ukucebisa inhlanganisela ephilile ne-oxygen.

Izincazelo Ezijwayelekile

Uhlelo lwe-arterial and venous luhlinzeka umzimba nge-oxygen, amaminerali, nezinto eziwusizo. Egazini kunezingqamuzana ezivikelayo ezivumela ukubhubhisa ukungena kwamanye amazwe: amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, imiphumela yokubola. Futhi kukhona nesiphetho segesi le-carbonic.

Uhlelo lwezinyosi yilona igatsha elingemuva lokugeleza kwegazi. Ngalo, kukhona ukunyakaza kuya enhliziyweni. Lapha, ukucindezelwa ezitsheni akuncane kakhulu, uketshezi olugcwalayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izindonga ezinamafutha ziyadlula.

Izitsha ze-venous system zinezivalo zokuhlola ezingafaki ukuhamba kwegazi. Imisipha iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-bacteria ekuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhuma kwezikebhe kuyimbangela yezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezimweni eziningi.

Imisipha encane isusa igazi esikhumbeni sesikhumba, amalunga, imisipha. Zihlanganisa izitsha ezinkulu ezidlula kuwo wonke umzimba - yizivunguvungu ezingenhla nezingezansi. Owokuqala uqoqa imifino encane ekhanda, esifundeni somlomo wesibeletho, emilenzeni engenhla. Owesibini uxhumeke esifundeni segundane, izitho zangaphakathi zokugaya, indawo ye-hip.

Ukudlula enhliziyweni, igazi libuyela emthini we-pulmonary, lapho futhi ligcwele umoya-mpilo futhi lapha kukhishwa i-carbon dioxide. Azikho izinhlayiya ze-oxygen kule ndawo. Lona kuphela isifunda esiphelile se-circulatory system.

Isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi

Emithanjeni, ingcindezi ingaphansi. Uma igazi liphoqa inhliziyo emithanjeni, ukuphuma kwegazi eliyingozi kuyabangelwa ngenxa yokwehla kwemisipha. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, umvuthwandaba usulelwe. Igazi eliqoqiwe liqukethe i-carbon dioxide, liphinde libe usongo empilweni yonke imvelo.

Kukhona ama-valve emithanjeni. Ukuze unqobe, igazi lidinga umzamo ovela ngaphandle, futhi inhliziyo ngokuvamile ihluleka ukubhekana nayo. Isithombe sibonisa ngokucacile ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani. Ngenxa yalokhu, igazi alikwazi ukugeleza emuva.

Izitokisi ze-Orthopedic zisiza ukucindezela imifino. Kodwa lokhu kuyasiza kuphela uma umuntu ehamba. Ngendlela yokuphila yokuhlala, ama-stockings enza ijubane umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Udinga umzamo ongaphezulu wokuphonswa igazi ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi eyengeziwe edalwe ngokwedlulele.

Kungcono ukugqoka amasokhethi omzimba wokuhamba, ukugijima, ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba kuze kube yimisipha ngokwabo abakwazi ukubeka ingcindezi ezitsheni. Esinye isici esibi esivimbela ukuhamba kwegazi ngemikhumbi kungamandla okugwedla amandla. Uma umuntu emi, umthwalo omkhulu ungenxa yesisindo somzimba nokucindezela kwe-hydrostatic. Esikhundleni sokulala, ukungezwani kwezicubu kunciphisa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokugqoka amasheya omzimba, kunconywa ukuba uphakamise imilenze yakho imizuzu embalwa, uvumele ukuthi imivimbo ikhululwe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Igazi elisemibhoshweni ilula futhi ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokususa izindonga zemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, azibonakali kancane ngaphansi kwezicubu zesikhumba. Izifo ze-venous system zivela ngaphandle ngenxa yombala omnyama wegazi. Lokhu kubonakala ngokuphawulekayo lapho izitsha zingaphezulu kwesikhumba.

Ukuqokwa

Uhlelo lwe-venous luhlanganisa ukuqoqa igazi, nokubuyisela imiqulu ephelile enhliziyweni nasemaphaphu. Noma kunjalo, lo msebenzi awupheli lapho. Izitsha zithwala izakhi ezinamathisini, zenza imisebenzi yokujikeleza kwegazi, ukuhlanganiswa kwezicubu ne-carbon dioxide akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni yomuntu ngamunye kuyahluka futhi kuncike ezimweni zokuba khona, kanye nezici zomzimba ngamunye: ubulili, indlela yokuphila, ukudla okunomsoco, izifo ezithintekayo zesimiso sezinyosi. Izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezingapheli ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, ukutheleleka, ukwehluka kwamasosha omzimba nakho kunomphumela. Izitsha ezihlanekezelayo ziguqula imikhiqizo yokubola kusuka kumaseli alandelayo:

• I-Tumor;
• Ukuvutha;
• Amafutha;
• Leukocyte.

Uhlelo oluyingozi lwesimo esiphansi lubhekana kaningi. Uma kunesifo esithile sokuthi isifo se-vascular, abantu abanjalo kufanele bathathe izinyathelo zokuqapha. Kungenjalo, kuze kube yiminyaka ekhulile ngisho nabagijimi bavuthwa emithanjeni emilenzeni yabo.

Uhlelo oluyingozi luhambisa igazi ezithombeni: isisu, izinso, amathumbu. Ukuguqulwa kwezimboni kuthinta ukugaya ukudla. Izinto eziwusizo kufanele zithwalwe kuwo wonke umzimba. Lapho ukudla okunamafutha okugcwele kunamapulisi, esiwabona ebusweni besikhumba.

Isakhiwo

Uhlelo lwe-venous-vascular system lubhekene nokucindezelwa kwezicubu ezisakazwa, lunezigaba eziningana:

1. I-Collagen: izicubu zivimbela ingcindezi yangaphakathi yegazi.
2. Izicubu zokuvikelwa kwe-muscle: ukukhwabanisa nokwelula kwemisipha kusiza ukuhamba kwegazi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvikela izitsha ezivela emathonyeni angaphandle (ukushisa, ukucindezela, ukulimala komshini).
3. Izindwangu zesikhathi eside zikwazi ukuqina, zisebenza njalo lapho umzimba uhamba: ukuhamba ngegazi kanye nokwandiswa kwesibindi, izingalo noma imilenze, ikhanda likhishwe.

Uma imithanjeni iswetshiwe, ukuphuma kulukhuni, kodwa nge-muscle contraction, kukhona amandla engeziwe okuphishekela igazi. Isivinini sokuhamba ngezinyawo siphezulu ngenxa yesethi yezici ezilandelayo: i-palpitation, ukunyakaza kwesifuba ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, ukuguquguquka kwemilenze, ukushintsha isimo somzimba esikhala, ukuchithwa kwegazi ngenxa yokugaya noma izidakamizwa. Futhi, ukugeleza kwegazi kwanda ngenxa yokwanda komshini wokushisa komzimba: ekugezeni, isibhakabhaka esishisayo.

I-veins ye-trunk ibe nobubanzi obukhulu. Ukuhamba kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwezitsha kwenzeka ngesinye isiqondiso ngenxa yobukhona bama-valve amaningi. Ziqukethe izindwangu zokuqina okunamandla namandla. Bayamelana nenqwaba yemijikelezo yokucindezela kulo lonke ukuphila komuntu.

Umsebenzi we-systemous venous awukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwama-valve. Phakathi nesikhathi sokubuthakathaka kwabo, izimo ze-pathological ezibizwa ngokuthi i-varicosity zingenziwa. Indawo evamile kakhulu yokubukeka kwayo yizitho ezingezansi.

Ukuphambene nesimo sezempilo

Uhlelo lwesimiso sezintambo ezingezansi lunengozini ngenxa yemithwalo ephakeme ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kugijima ngisho nasendleleni ejwayelekile yokuma - isikhundla sokuma. Izifo ze-venous system zivela ngezizathu eziningi, hhayi nje ngokomzimba. Kusho, isibonelo, ukungondleki. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokuthosiwe, okusawoti, okumnandi kuholela ekubunjweni kwamacwecwe egazini, okunamathela emaqenjini amakhulu. I-thrombosis iyingozi kunoma yimuphi umuntu.

Okokuqala, ukuvinjelwa kwenzeka emithanjeni encane. Kodwa ekukhuleni, ama-clots angangena ezitheni ezinkulu eziholela enhliziyweni. Izimo ezimbi zalesi sifo ziholela ekupheleni kwayo. I-Thrombi kufanele isuswe ngesikhathi esifanele - ngakho ukuvimbela ukuhlukumeza okuyingozi kwenziwa.

Imivimbo ye-varicose evame kakhulu. Abantu abangaphezu kwesigamu besifazane banenkinga yalesi sifo. Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, ukuqina kwe-veins kunciphisa, futhi umthwalo uhlala ufana. Ngokuvamile ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuholela ekubunjweni kwezindonga zegazi ezithintekayo. Ubukhulu benhliziyo abuguquki, futhi ivolumu yokudluliswa kwegazi iyanda ngokuthenga kwamakhilogramu engeziwe.

Isici esingezelelekile siyindlela yokuphila ehleliwe. Ukuhlaselwa kwegazi akubanga nje kuphela ukubonakala kwezifo zamathambo, kodwa futhi kunezinkinga kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Indlala ye-oksijini ithinta ukubonakala kwesikhumba ebusweni, izandla, entanyeni.

Izinhlobo zezinkinga

Isimbangela semisipha ye-varicose kanye ne-thrombosis yemilenze yinkimbinkimbi ye-venous. Umzimba womzimba uhlelwe ukuze ngendlela yokuphila, ukwehlisa izindonga zemikhumbi kungenakugwemeka. Ukuphambana okufanayo kwempilo kwenzeka ngokuntuleka kokudla nokungondleki, ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi, imithwalo yemisebenzi.

Phakathi kwezifo eziningi ze-circulatory system yilezi:

• I-Thrombophlebitis iyindlela yokuvuvukala ezindongeni zemithanjeni, elandela isitsha sonke. I-Thrombi iyingozi ngenkathi iphuma emkhunjini futhi iqala ukuzungeza ohlelweni lokujikeleza. I-thrombus ingangena cishe noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, okwenza isimo esibi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuhamba kwezinkomba ezincane esifundeni senhliziyo noma ekhanda.
• Imivimbo ye-Varicose - izinguquko ezingenasiphelo ezingaphandle kwamagalelo angamafutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokunciphisa izindonga zemifino, ukulahlekelwa yi-plasticity yabo. Umkhumbi ukwandisa amandla ayo, lapho igazi elimnyama lihlanganisa khona. Kulula ukubona ngesikhumba somuntu ogulayo. Izindawo ezithintekile zithatha amafomu ahlukumezayo. I-degree of pathology ixhomeke ezimeni zomzimba.
• Ukwehla kwesifo sofuba emithanjeni - kubangelwa ukwephulwa kwe-lipid metabolism. Ku-lumen ye-veins, ama-atherosclerotic plaques akhiwa, okwenza kube nzima ukuphuma kwegazi. Iziteji eziqalisiwe zesifo emithanjeni emikhulu zingabangela ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yelungu. Izimpawu zezinkinga ziyizinyawo ezikhathele lapho zihamba, zipholile.
• I-Teleangiectasia - ichaza isimo sokwandiswa kwemifino emincane, ngenxa yalokhu, kunezinkanyezi esikhumbeni. Le nqubo ide kakhulu: ukungaziphathi kahle kwezempilo kwakha iminyaka embalwa.

Abashushisi bezifo

Kwabesifazane, izithende eziphakeme kanye nokuphila okungahambi kahle kwakuyizici ezimbi ekubunjweni kwezinkinga ezinezimbangela zegazi. Ukulondeka emilenzeni kubonakala ngenxa ye-edemas, kubonakala njengomphumela wokuma isikhathi eside. I-veins enkontileka iyanciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi futhi inciphisa amathuba okushintshanisa oksijini kanye nezakhi.

Cishe zonke izifo zivela ekubukeni kwezici ezikhungayo:

• Ama-blood clots kanye nokunciphisa amathissi amavulumu ngenxa yokubhema. Umusi unqanda i-oxygen ne-saturates nge-toxin.
• I-cholesterol ephakeme egazini ivame ukwakhiwa ngenxa yokungondleki kokudla okune-fat-saturated.
• Ukushisa ngokweqile, isifo sikashukela sinomthelela ekwandiseni imithangu.
• Isisindo esiningi.
• Ukubheja kwezidakwa.
• I-Hereditary factor iyinhloko enkulu yezinkinga nezitsha zemilenze. Ukuba khona kwama-hemorrhoids kubazali kubonisa ingozi ye-varicose veins ezinganeni.
• Ukuphila okungahambi kahle ngokuhambisana nalezi zici ezingenhla kuyashesha ukuqhutshwa kwesifo sokubunjwa kwezifo.
• Umsebenzi omningi ngokweqile noma ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo.

Ukukhipha izinkinga ezinezitsha zegazi kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kwendlela yokujikeleza futhi uhlanganyele empilweni: ukudla okuphelele nokulinganisela, ukuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo, ukwelashwa ngokucophelela kwemilenze.

Izindlela zokuxilongwa

Isistimu yomlenze oyingozi ingahlolelwa yizindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukutadisha okuphambene nalokho - Kunconywa izimpawu ezifihliwe, izinkinga ezinezinyosi. Lenziwa ngokusola okuyisisekelo kwe-pathology. Uma kungangabazeki ukuthi imivamisa ye-varicose noma i-thrombosis yenziwe, ngaleyo ndlela le ndlela ayidingi.
• Ucwaningo lwe-duplex lwe-ultrasound - luhlanganisa amathuba okuskena kwe-ultrasound ne-Doppler. Izinkomba eziholela kukuvumela ukuba uhlole ijubane lokugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemikhumbi, i-geometry, ikhwalithi yamadonga kanye nomsebenzi jikelele wesistimu yezinyosi.
• I-Angiography - Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray usebenzisa ukungafani. Isimo sezitsha sihlolwa.

Izinkinga ezingxenyeni eziphansi zingatholakala ngampawu eziyinhloko:

• Ukutholwa kwemifino yemikhumbi emilenzeni, i-thrombus noma iziphambeko zangaphandle zethambo.
• Ukhathala nobuhlungu bomlenze ezinxenyeni ze-muscular noma ze-vascular. Ukuvuvukala kwesikhashana, ukuvuvukala.
• Iziphambeko zangaphandle zenziwe njenge-asymptomatic.
• Ukwandiswa kwemithanjeni, ukuphazamiseka kokuma kwezitsha, ukuvuvukala kwamadada.
• Ubuhlungu ngokukhathala endaweni ye-popliteal noma enye ingxenye endaweni yamadayini enobuthi.
• Ama-cramps, ama-aches, aphina.

Ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, inkambo ephumelelayo yokwelashwa ngabanye inikezwa, izinyathelo zokuvimbela ze-pathologies ziyathathwa. Isistimu ye-lymphatic ene-pathological venous ingakwazi ukuphazamisa umuntu ngesikhathi sokuphila. Kodwa lesi sifo kumele sizibonakalise ngokwanele ekudala.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo

Uhlelo olubuthakathaka lwe-venous of the end passes through various stages of varicose veins. Ososayensi bahlukanisa lesi sifo zibe yizigaba eziyisithupha ngokwezinga lezingozi: kusukela ekubi ukuya ekuvuseleleni. Izigaba ezinzima zilashwa kakade.

Sichaza isimo sempilo yomuntu esigabeni ngasinye sesifo:

• I-Zero idlula ngokungaqondakali ngaphandle, kodwa isimo sezinyawo sesivele siqala ukukhathazeka. Kukhona ukuzwa okuvuthayo kwezendlalelo ezingaphezulu kwesikhumba semisipha. Kuvame ukukhukhuma, kukhona ukukhathala ukuhamba.
• Isigaba sokuqala. Umshini wezitsha ezincane, ama-asterisk kanye namazwe ashiwo ngenhla kubonakala.
• Owesibili. Izivunguvungu ezivuvukala kanye nama-nodules ayenziwe ombala omnyama atholakala. Ubukhulu bendawo yokukhubazeka buhluka usuku lonke. Ngendlela yokuphila ehleliwe, izindawo ezithintekayo ziphelile futhi ziphelile.
• Okwesithathu. Kulezi zimiso, ukuvuvukala kusihlwa kanye nobusuku kuyanezelwa.
• Okwesine. Ingqimba engenhla yesikhumba ibonakalisiwe. Kubonakala sengathi i-dimples, i-tubercles yesayizi elimangalisayo. Ngokuvamile izilonda ze-trophic zenziwe.
• Isishiyagalombili isigaba. Izimo eziphindaphindiwe emva kwezilonda ze-trophic zibonakala emehlweni.
• Owesithupha. Izilonda zeTrophic zinzima ukuphulukisa futhi cishe aziphilisi.

Kusukela esiteshini esimisiwe sesifo, odokotela banquma indlela yokwelapha. Ifomu lokugcina, elingu-6 (eliyinkimbinkimbi) ye-varicose veins iphela etafuleni lokusebenza. Kungenzeka kube nokukhubazeka kwangaphandle okudinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki. Umphumela omuhle ukukhubazeka, ukuphulwa kwesigungu.

Izinkinga zemithambo yegazi ziphathwa kanjani?

Uhlelo lwe-circulatory oluyingozi luyathinta zonke izindawo zomzimba. Izifo ze-vascular kufanele ziphathwe ngokushesha. Ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kwezinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-varicose veins noma thrombosis, izinyathelo zokuvimbela zisetshenziswa. Izindebe ezandisiwe zizama ukukhipha ingxenye noma ngokuphelele. I-Thrombi ivame ukujabulelwa ukuvimbela ukungena ngengozi kwabo ekugezeni kwegazi.

Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokwelashwa kwemithanjeni zisiza ukukhipha ukukhula okuqhubekayo komkhumbi, ukususa izindawo zokuhlala, ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga. I-Sclerotherapy isetshenziselwa izimonyo ze-cosmetology nemitholampilo. Inqubo iphephile futhi ithatha imizuzu eminingana. Esikhunjini esithintekayo senziwa into, ihlanganise izindonga ndawonye.

Umzimba ulahla imvini eqoqwe ngamandla ayo. Ihlakazeka, endaweni yayo eyakhiwe izicubu ezicacisiwe. Azikho amaphutha angaphandle. Inqubo ingenziwa ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa emithanjeni encane. Kulezi zikebhe ezinkulu zivela ezindaweni eziningi ezise-cyanotic.

Indlela ye-laser coagulation ikhethwa uma imithanjeni ethintekile inkulu. Le nqubo ibuhlungu, idinga ukwethulwa kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Emva kwalokhu, umhlahlandlela okhanyayo usungulwa emkhunjini othintekile, umshini ophikisayo owenziwe yi-liquid. Uma izincomo zikadokotela zigcinwa ngemuva kokusebenza, indawo etholakalayo ixazulula.