Udubule kanjani i-Star Wars? Imiphumela ekhethekile, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Enye yezinhlelo ezidume kakhulu futhi ezinkulu kakhulu "zonke izikhathi nezizwe" - i-saga emangalisayo "i-Star Wars" - yaqala ukudalwa ngumqondisi waseMelika uGeorge Lucas ekuqaleni kwawo-1970. Ukuze kusetshenziswe, kwakudinga umzamo omkhulu, owaqinisekisa ukunqoba kwesithombe sokuqala, esakhishwe ngo-May 1977. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kobufakazi balabo ababambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwalesi siqeshana sefilimu, kwenzekani phakathi nomsebenzi kungaba indaba yefilimu ehlukile ethakazelisayo. Ngakho-ke, i-Star Wars yadudula kuphi futhi kanjani?

Amazwi ambalwa ngoGeorge Lucas

Ngaphambi kokuba siqale indaba yokuthi amafilimu e-Star Wars adutshulwa kanjani, ukunakwa okuncane kufanele kubhalelwe ubuntu bomqondisi.

Namuhla uGeorge Lucas ungomunye wabameleli abacebile kakhulu emisebenzini yakhe enezigidigidi zamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-5, kanti ngesikhathi efika nomqondo wephrojekthi, wayengeneminyaka engu-30 ubudala, futhi wayenamafilimu amabili ubude obugcwele efa lakhe. Ngokwehluleka, kumele ngitshele ukuthi usuvele ufanise i-movie enhlobo yezinganekwane, kodwa ayizange ibe nempumelelo yokuzithulu. Isakhiwo salesi sithombe, esaziwa ngokuthi "i-THX 1138", yindaba mayelana nezwe elizayo, lapho isintu, esaphoqeleka ukuba siphile ngaphansi komhlaba, silawulwa yi-computer. Ifilimu, eqinisweni, iphansi kunombukiso we "Star Wars", kodwa amaqhawe ayo namanje alwela ilungelo labo lokuhlala abantu futhi enze zonke izinqumo ngokwazo.

Yayiyini isisekelo salesi simo

Ngesinye isikhathi, uGeorge Lucas wahlatshwa umxhwele kakhulu yifilimu kaAkira Kurosawa i-Fort Hidden Fortress. Ngenxa yalokho, wabhala iskripthi emakhasini angu-12 enesihloko eside, esibhekisela ku-Great Jedi.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, uLucas wayematasa esebenza "ku-Apocalypse Now", kodwa isithombe sithathwe ngaphandle kwakhe. Noma kunjalo, izigcawu eziningi azenzile kamuva zasetshenziselwa ukudala i- "Star Wars".

Isihloko saseNingizimu Afrika asizange sikhulume uLucas, futhi wabhala kabusha umbhalo wakhe wokuqala futhi wanquma ngokuqinile ukumema bonke abadlali baseJapane. Kodwa-ke, esigabeni sokugcina somsebenzi umqondisi washintsha kakhulu ingqondo yakhe, futhi indaba yabonakala ukuthi abalandeli be-saga bazi ngenhliziyo ngemininingwane encane kunazo zonke.

Ralph McQuarrie

Njengoba eseqedile umsebenzi omude futhi owubuhlungu esimweni saleso sithombe, uLucas wayezoveza ifomu elimnyama kulabo abatshali bezimali kanye nama-studio amaningi efilimu. Iqukethe ngokuphelele zonke izenzakalo ze-Star Wars indawo yonke ne-trilogy yezikhathi zanamuhla kanye nencazelo eningiliziwe yamakhulu ezinhlamvu, ngamagama kanye nama-biographies.

Ukuba ngumuntu ongokoqobo, uGeorge Lucas waqaphela ukuthi ukuze athule iphrojekthi yakhe kubaphathi befilimu ngokuphumelela okukhulu, indaba eyodwa enomdlandla ayanele. Waqala ukucabanga ngendlela engcono yokuletha "i-Star Wars". Le filimu, njengoba yayikhulelwe, yayidinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuningi, ngakho umqondisi wanquma ukukhipha imifanekiso embalwa kumklami owaziwayo waseRalph McQuarrie waseBoing. Ukuzikhethela kwakhe kwakungeyona yengozi, ngoba lo mculi wakha izithombe ezidumile zokufika kwabantu baseMelika enyangeni. Ukubambisana phakathi kukaLucas noMcQuarrie kwaveza ukuthi kunezithelo, futhi umqondisi wathola izithombe ezinhle kakhulu ze-Star Wars.

UColin Cantwell

Ukukhuluma mayelana nokudubula "i-Star Wars", asikwazi ukukhuluma ngomuntu owadala imodeli yesikhala sokuthutha kanye nengqalasizinda. Ngomsebenzi we-co-author ezindabeni zobuchwepheshe, u-Lucas wamenywa nguColin Cantwell, owayesevele esebenza kumafilimu ethi "The Strain of Andromeda" no-2010: I-Space Odyssey "futhi wahlala endlini yakhe iqoqo elibanzi lemifanekiso. Abathandana nabakwaMcQuarrie, beza nokubonakala nezici ze-speeder, imikhumbi kanye nesiteshi se "Death Star".

Yeka indlela i-Star Wars eqoshwe ngayo: i-prehistory

Namuhla kunzima ukukholelwa kulokhu, kodwa phakathi neminyaka engama-70 kwakunzima kakhulu ukuthola ifilimu efuna ukuqala ukukhiqizwa, futhi kuthatha uLukas cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngalokhu. Ngenxa yalokho, i-XX-Cent Century Fox yavuma ukuqala ukuqoshwa, kodwa yafaka izimo eziningana phambi komqondisi, kuhlanganise nokwenqaba ukuthola imali ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokushicilelwa kwencwadi ngesigaba sesiqephu sesine saga saga. Lesi samuva, ngokombono we-studio, kwakudingeka senziwe ukuze sithole ukuthi iskripthi sefilimu yesikhathi esizayo sikwazi ukuthakazelisa izilaleli.

Ngokubambisana emsebenzini emsebenzini wencwadi enhle, u-Lucas wakhanga u-Alan Foster, futhi maduzane lonke iMelika selivele lifunde mayelana nokuzijabulisa kuka Han Solo, Princess Leia noLuka Skywalker.

Ukudalwa kwencwadi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani amafilimu e-Star Wars awazange afakwe ngokulandelana. Lesi siko sokuphonsa kusukela ekupheleni kuze kube sekupheleni kweskripthi sagcinwa esikhathini esizayo, njengoba senza ukukhathazeka nokufutheka kwezintshisekelo ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo ze-movie. Wabuye wabangela ukudideka embuzweni wonyaka othi "i-Star Wars" yadutshulwa. Phela, isiqephu sokuqala sinikezwe ababukeli kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-XX.

Iphi i-Star Wars (isiqephu sesine)

Eqondiswe uGeorge Lucas isikhathi eside kakhulu yakhuthaza umbono wefilimu yakhe, ecacile ngokucacile ukuthi lo mlingiswa kufanele abukeke kanjani nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kangcono imiphumela ekhethekile edingekayo.

Njengendawo yokudalwa kwezwe, lapho kwakufanele khona ama-saga ama-saga, iTunisia, noma ngokuqondile, indawo yaseTatooine, yakhethwa. Futhi igama lalo lizithanda kakhulu abahlanganyeli bokuqopha okwakusetshenziselwa ukubeka iplanethi, lapho i-droids C-3PO ne-R2-D2 ithunyelwe, ithunyelwe usizo ekulwa nempi yoMbuso.

Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili, abahlobiso bakha umuzi waseMos Astley ehlane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uTatooine waletha amamodeli angu-25, kuhlanganise nokulawulwa kwemisakazo, okwakhiwa uCarlo Rambaldi.

Ngamaphi amazwe amaqembu okudala kaLucas ahambele ukudalwa kwe-movie Star Wars

Isithombe sadutshulwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba, isibonelo:

• Inaliti ye-Skywalker nayo yakhiwe eTunisia, kodwa echibini lomunyu olomile elingu-El-Jerid. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngemva kokuqothulwa ngo-1977, umhlobiso wadilizwa, kodwa wakhiwa kabusha ngokudubula "Ukuhlaselwa kwamaClones".
• Ihhotela elisedolobheni laseTunisia laseMatmata, elakhiwa kabusha kusukela endaweni yokuhlala yaseBergber, indawo lapho i-Star Wars eqoshiwe khona, lapho kubalulekile ukukhombisa indlu ka-Skywalker.
• Ngokwemvelo izigcawu ezivela eplanethi Yavin, zazikhethiwe ezicekelekile epaki laseGuatemalan Tikal.
• Isimo esisePalest Square eTeda saqoshwa eSpain, endaweni lapho umbukiso wase-Ibero-American wabanjwa ngo-1929.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, opharetha, abadlali kanye namanye amalungu ethimba eliqondiswa uLucas ngenkathi esebenza "kwi-Star Wars" bavakashela umuzi waseForway waseFins, eThai Thai, eShayina Guilian nakwezinye izindawo eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Ngakho-ke, bafakazela ukuthi iplanethi yethu inemvelo ehlukahlukene futhi ingahle ibe umhlobiso we-Universe yonke.

Ukudubula kwesiqephu sokugcina kwenzeke kuphi

Ingxenye ngayinye yesikhala se-George Lucas yesikhala sasiyinkimbinkimbi futhi iphelele kusukela ekubukeni kwezixazululo zobuchwepheshe nemiphumela ekhethekile. Amazwe lapho abantu abafuna khona imvelo nabo bashintsha, futhi kaningi izikhathi eziningi phezu kwesithombe. Isibonelo, izindawo lapho "i-Star Wars. Ukuvuswa kwamandla "yilokhu:

• Indawo eyayiyinhloko-dolobha yase-Arab Emirates yase-Abu Dhabi, lapho beyakha khona imakethe kanye nokupaka izimoto, okusho ukuthi, ngokuvumelana nesakhiwo, kuDaku;
• Ihlathi elisemngceleni wezifunda zase-Wales nase-Gloucestershire, lapho abadali bomdwebo befihliwe ezitheni zenkosi enkulu Yoda;
• Esiqhingini saseSyliglig-Michael e-Ireland, lapho kukhona khona izindlu zezindela zasendulo eziyingxenye yefa lezwe le-UNESCO;
• Isibhamu sezindiza eNewbury, lapho indiza yempi yeRebel Alliance yayihamba khona;
• Enkundleni "Pinewood", emadolobheni aseLondon.

Ngendlela, ngoba i-epic epic episode iqukethe ama-episodes angu-7, ngaphambi kokuthi uphendule umbuzo ngokuthi ngumuphi unyaka owadutshulwa "i-Star Wars", kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi ubani ohilelekile kuwo. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuphawula ukuthi "I-Awakening Force" kwakuyifilimu yokuqala ye-saga, eyayiqondiswa omunye umqondisi - J. J. Abrams. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uGeorge Lucas, owanikezela umsebenzi wakhe uWalt Disney ngesimo sesi-7, kamuva watshela abezindaba ukuthi indaba eyalalelwa izethameli ayihlangani nalokho abhalayo ngenxa ye-trilogy sequel.

I-Star Wars isusiwe isikhathi esingakanani?

Labo ababona ingxenye yokuqala ye-movie saga uGeorge Lucas ebuntwaneni bakhe, namuhla kunengaphezu kwamashumi amane noma ngisho namashumi amahlanu.

Uma umbuzo ubuzwa ukuthi zingadutshulwa kanjani amafilimu amaningi e-Star Wars, cabanga isikhathi sokuqala esivela kwisiqephu sokuqala (1977) kuze kube sekupheleni kwengxenye yokugcina yefilimu (ngoNovemba 2014).

Yimiphi imiphumela ekhethekile esetshenzisiwe

Namuhla, ihluzo zekhompyutha kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene be-digital yenza kube lula ukudala izithombe zangempela zamazwe omnandi, futhi eminyakeni engama-40 eyedlule kuphela ama-stuntmen, ama-pyrotechnicians kanye namashumi ayishumi nambili amasu wokudubula ahlanganisiwe ayengasetshenziswa abaqondisi nama-operators.

Yingakho imiphumela ekhethekile ye "Star Wars", lapho abaningi bebukele namhlanje bemomotheka, ngesikhathi esisodwa bamangala izilaleli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaningi abazange bacabange ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezidinga ukuthunjwa isiqephu esithile esivela kumasekhondi angu-20-30. Isibonelo, ukwenza "inkemba ekhanyayo", bathatha induku ejwayelekile yezinkuni futhi bayigubungela ngokubunjwa okubonakalayo, futhi isiteshi sesikhala "I-Death Star" kwakuyisayizi elihlekisayo ... idesksi. Ngaphandle kwayo, izisebenzi zahudula ikhamera encane ekhebula, elawulwa yikhompiyutha eyenziwe ngokwayo ngokukhethekile kule njongo.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo mayelana nokudubula

I-Fantasy Lucas yayingenakulinganiswa, futhi ukudala imiphumela ekhethekile kule nkambo kwakungeyona "indawo" yezinto. Ngakho, ngokudubula indiza ngebhande le-asteroids, amazambane ajwayelekile ayesebenzisa njengemvula yasezulwini. Isikhathi sendawo ngayinye "isikhala" sadutshulwa ngasemuva kwesibuko esibuhlaza ngokwehlukana, futhi emva kwalokho zonke izingcezu zahlanganiswa kanye nesithombe "sezinkanyezi ezindizayo". Konke lokhu kudinga umsebenzi omningi, kodwa umphumela wawungekho mnandi kunalokho okususwayo namuhla usebenzisa ihluzo zekhompyutha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengesibonelo sokudubula izigcawu zempi, uLucas wasebenzisa umlando wempi weMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Sekuyisikhathi eside ukuloba amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana namafilimu avela ku-Star Wars saga, ngoba ngesikhathi esithile i-epic epic seyithathile ukuqonda kwabadali bayo ukuthi baqala ukuxazulula izixazululo ezingasetshenziswa muntu ngaphambili.

"Ifa"

Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwesiqephu sokuqala saga le-Star Wars, ifilimu yaba yihlelo lobuhle ngempela. Imigqa emabhayisikobho yayinesikhathi eside, njengangaphambili. Abaningi babafana base-US bafuna ukuthenga i-lightaber, futhi esikhundleni samathoyizi abonisa amaqhawe e-movie, izingane zeKhisimusi zanikezwa izitifiketi zokuthenga kwazo. Njengoba kwenzeka, ifoni, eyathola ilungelo lokuyikhipha, yayingenaso isikhathi sokwanelisa ukukhula okwenyuka kwamanani anjalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqephu sendawo "I-Star Wars" sikhombise ukuqala kwe-subgenre eponymous ku-cinema. Ukuthandwa kwayo kwaba kuhle kangangokuthi umphakathi wase-US udlulisele igama le-saga ohlelweni lwezokuvikela lase-US "SOI - Star Wars." Kwakukhona futhi uhlobo olusha lwesango - Saberfighting ngisho nenhlangano yokuqala yenkolo "Jedi".

Manje uyazi ukuthi kungani i-Star Wars ayifakwanga ku-oda, lapho kwenzeka khona nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani. Kuhlala nje ukusho ukuthi ngo-2017 no-2019, iziqephu ezimbili ngaphezulu kulindeleke ukuba zivele ezikrinini, umqondisi okungenzeka ube nguRyan Johnson.