David Fincher: i-biography yokudala yomunye wabaqondisi abahlakaniphile kakhulu baseHollywood

UDavid Fincher (igama eligcwele uDavid Andrew Leo Fincher) - Umqondisi waseMelika, wazalwa ngo-Agasti 28, 1962 edolobheni laseDenver, eColorado.

Lapho eseyingane, uDavid wayegijima nsuku zonke esiteshini sezemidlalo esiseduzane, lapho ayebukela khona amafilimu afanayo izikhathi eziningana. Futhi ngemuva kokubukela entshonalanga "uButch Cassidy noSundance Kid" intsha eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala yaqala ukucela uyise ukuba amthengise ikhamera ye-movie. Njengoba esethole njengesipho ikhamera engama-8-millimeter ikhamera, uDavid waqala ukwenza amafilimu akhe. Ukuzilibazisa ngokushesha kwaqala ukuba yindalo, eduze kochwepheshe, umculi wamasha wokudubula amateur waba mnandi kakhulu. Futhi lapho uFincher eqala ukudubula izigcawu ezihleliwe, waqaphela ukuthi lokhu kudinga uhlelo olukhethekile lwamathuluzi omshini nokusekela. Futhi umqondisi wesikhathi esizayo wanquma ukuthola ulwazi oluvela kubachwepheshe.

Umsebenzi wesigaba

UDavid wathatha umsebenzi kumafilimu amasha amafilimu amafilimu ukuze asondelane nemishini yokuqopha. Imisebenzi yakhe yayihlanganisa ukufakwa nokudilizwa kwamakhamera wefilimu, kanye nayo yonke imishini yobuchwepheshe, kuhlanganise nesihlalo somqondisi. Insizwa ekhuthele ngokushesha yaba umsizi obaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abasebenzi, kuhlanganise nomqondisi ngokwakhe. Ama-operators azinike ngokuzithandela uDavide ngobuciko bemisebenzi yakhe, futhi wafunda indlela yokukhiqiza ifilimu endaweni.

Idol nguGeorge Lucas

Ngo-1980, ifilimu ye-Star Wars yaseGeorge Lucas yavela ezikrinini, kanti uFincher akazange ashiye i-cinema usuku lonke. Wakhetha nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuthi azi kahle umqondisi odumile futhi ngo-1982 wajoyina inkampani eveza imiphumela ekhethekile ye-cinema, eyayikaLucas. Ngakho-ke, uDavide wakwazi ukuhlanganyela ekukhiqizeni amafilimu "Ukubuya kweJedi" no "Indiana Jones". Ngokulandelayo, amafilimu kaDavid Fincher azofana nemisebenzi kaGeorge Lucas.

Amabhizinisi

Ngo-1984, uFincher wavula ithuba lokuzimela, lapho esengasebenzisa khona ulwazi nolwazi lwakhe. Futhi nakuba babeyizindawo nje ze-TV, uDavid waqala ukudubula. Ukuchichima ubuciko bomqondisi ngokushesha wakuqaphela, ama-oda athululiwe. Yonke imiklamo ye-Fincher yayingafani neyindlela entsha yokuthola izixazululo zabo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi yayiyizisebenzi ezivela embonweni wezobuchwepheshe. Izinkampani ezifana neNike no-Revlon, iLewi ne-Coca-Cola, zenzele umqondisi.

Iziqeshana zomculo

Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uDavid Fincher wahlala endaweni yamafilimu amaPropaganda Films, okwakhiwa ekukhiqizeni amavidiyo omculo abizayo. Ividiyo yokuqala yomqondisi yayiyi- "Janie's Got A Gun" yeqembu le-Aerosmith. Bese kulandelwa isiqeshana esithi "Uthando Luqine" lwe-Rolling Stones ne "Freedom" kukaGeorge Michael. Futhi lapho uMadonna ecela uDavid ukuba amenze amavidyo kliphu amabili e-"Vogue" ne "Bad Girl", uDavid wayejabule. Iziqeshana zomculi zenze isitayela nesimo sokucabangela.

Debut kubhayisikobho enkulu

Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi enza amavidiyo omculo, uDavid Fincher uhlele ukwenza imisebenzi yefilimu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Futhi ngo-1992 umqondisi wenza i-debut yakhe ebhayisikobho enkulu. Wavunyelwe ifilimu ethi "Alien-3", okuyinto eqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo ye-movie engenzi lutho "Alien" ekukhiqizeni i-Ridley Scott ne "Alien" eqondiswe uJames Cameron. Ukuqala kukaFincher kwakungekho ngaphandle kokucaciswa kobuhlobo nabaphathi be-studio yefilimu ethi "i-20th Century Fox", lapho kucatshangwa khona ukuthi umqondisi wayeyingozi ngokweqile ngalolu script, futhi uDavid Fincher ngokwakhe wathi ubuthakathaka balesi simo. Ekugcineni, ukuphikisana nokuphathwa kwe-studio, uFincher ushiye. Ukuzijabulisa ngandlela-thile kwaphela ngaphandle kwakhe, kodwa ifilimu ayiphumelelanga futhi yahluleka ukuphunyuka kwehluleka kwehhovisi lebhokisi.

Ukunqoba komqondisi

Umqondisi wanquma ukuthatha ikhefu kusukela ekuqaleni kwakhe okunzima ebhayisikobho elikhulu futhi ubuyela ngesikhathi samavidiyo womculo. Wadutshulwa amafilimu nezimakethe ezincane kuze kube ngu-1995, kuze kube yilapho i-studio "I-New Line Cinema" imnikeza isihlalo somqondisi ukuba asebenze enjabulweni engokwengqondo ebizwa ngokuthi "Seven." UDavid Fincher wavuma ngemuva kokucabanga okuningi, kodwa ifilimu ephathelene nezinsuku eziyisikhombisa zokuphila kwabaculi ababili, elandela umbulali obulalayo, yahamba. Ifilimu yaba yincintiswano iFincher, ibhokisi lebhokisi liphindwe izikhathi eziyishumi kunamali asetshenzisiwe. Ephakathi nendaba, uJohn Doe, umbulali obulalayo, ujezisa izisulu zakhe ngenxa yezono ezibulalayo okukhulunywa ngazo eBhayibhelini. Le filimu yayingakonakaliswa ngisho nokungabikho kokuphela kwesigodi esijabulisayo, abathandekayo abaseMelika. Igama lomqondisi uDavid Fincher laziwa kubo bonke ababukeli be-movie.

"Umdlalo"

Ngo-1997, uDavid Fincher, "umdlalo" wakhe oyingqayizivele Isibonelo se-movie-thriller, sidutshulwa uMichael Douglas engxenyeni yesihloko. Isithombe, njengokungathi, saqhubeka nomugqa wendawo yangaphambilini mayelana nombulali we-serial. Uhlamvu lukaMichael Douglas alubulali noma ubani, kodwa ubungozi bokufa emdlalweni osungulwe nguDeveli ngokwakhe. UNicholas Van Orton, indoda ephumelelayo, onakho konke, akusiyo kuphela ukwesekwa okungokomoya kuphela ekuphileni, okufakwe ekufeni. Ubaba wakhe wazibulala eneminyaka engama-48, kanti uNicholas 48 kumele agcwaliseke ngelinye ilanga, futhi naye uzizwa unesifiso esingenakuphikiswa sokuya ezweni elizayo.

Amafilimu aphikisayo omqondisi

Umkhankaso wefilimu omkhulu futhi ophikisanayo uFincher yi-movie ethi "Fight Club", eqoshwe umqondisi ngo-1999 kwi-studio yefilimu ethi "i-20th Century Fox." Indima eyinhloko idlalwe nguBrad Pitt, uDavid ayekade esebenze nabangani bakhe. Iqhawe lefilimu uTyler Durden liyaziphikisa emphakathini futhi lihola umzabalazo ongenakuqhathaniswa naye, ngokuvamile ngezindlela ezingekho emthethweni. Kulo mlingiswa, umqondisi ngokwakhe usiza, kufaka phakathi ithalenta yakhe ephelele. Ngenxa yalokho, uFincher usolwa ngokugqugquzela ubudlova nokulimala okulimazayo. Ukugxekwa kabi kwefilimu kuye kwaphazamisa ihhovisi lebhokisi lasekhaya futhi ingxenye ethile ku-cinema ezindaweni zokudlala. Futhi kwaphinde kwaba nokuphikisana okuncane nabaphathi be-studio, ababethi umqondisi ngaphezu kwemali yesabelomali. Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile, "Fight Club" ithole umbukeli wayo, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isimo se-cassette se-video sishaywa phansi, ukuthengisa kwabo kwanda.

Ukuphikisana nezidakamizwa zezezimali ze-studio yefilimu "i-20th Century Fox" kugcina sekukhathele uFincher, kanye nefilimu yakhe elandelayo, into ejabulisayo ebizwa ngokuthi "Igumbi Lokwesaba" noJudy Foster endimeni yeqhaza, wanquma ukudubula okungenani kwelinye i-studio, kodwa ngokuhambisana nesakhiwo Ibhajethi, eyathola ukunconywa kwabagcini bezimali, kodwa yabangela ukunganeliseki kwababukeli abavamile, njengoba isimo sokukhiqizwa kwemvelo sasibonakala. Umbukeli, ojwayele ukutholakala kwemiphumela ekhethekile, akafuni ukubekezelela ubuqiniso obuyimfono yesithombe esisha. Noma kunjalo, ukunganeliseki kwaqhubekela phambili kuze kube yilapho imidwebo eyenziwe ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha ibonakala esikrinini. Wonke umuntu uthande uhambo lwekhamera ye-movie ngezindonga noma ukungena ngokusebenzisa i- keyhole. I-heroine yefilimu iyahambisana kahle nesitayela esisha sesithombe futhi ingenye yezenzakalo ezenzeka ekamelweni.

Abaphenyi namafantasy

Ekuqaleni kuka-2007, kukhishwe ifilimu entsha ye-Zodiac ezikrinini, edutshulwa nguDavid Fincher ngesisekelo sezenzakalo zangempela eSan Francisco ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha. Isithombe sitshela ngombulali obulalayo, ozobizwa nge-Zodiac, obala futhi onesihluku owenze ubugebengu obungamashumi amane eminyakeni engu-12. Icala ladideka kakhulu, amaphoyisa akakwazanga ukuhlasela umzila we-Zodiac, nakuba engazange afihle okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emva kokuhlaselwa, umbulali wathumela uhlobo lwezenzo ezenzweni zakhe emaphephandabeni. Fincher, eqhutshwa intshisekelo yobuchwepheshe, wachitha unyaka nonyaka emalondolozweni, ezama ukuzama ukubulala konke. Kodwa-ke, wayengakwazi ukufunda lutho olusha, futhi ekugcineni umqondisi wenza ifilimu ngokusekelwe kumaqiniso adume kakhulu.

UDavid Fincher wabe eseqala ukukhiqizwa kwefilimu ethi "Icala Lolukuluku LwaseBenjamin Button", eliqala ngoDisemba 2008. Imisebenzi eyinhloko kule ifilimu, okuyinto yokujwayela ifilimu indaba ka-Scott Fitzgerald, eyenziwa nguBrad Pitt noCate Blanchett. Iqhawe lefilimu uBenjamin Button uthola osemncane unyaka nonyaka, iwashi lakhe lezinto eziphilayo lingasetshenziswa futhi manje uphila impilo ngokuphambene nalokho, aludala, kepha liba lincane. Futhi, ubuchwepheshe obusha kakhulu bekhompyutheni basetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni, futhi njengoba abalingisi abafana noBrad Pitt bebengelula ukuthola, ubuso bakhe bubekwe ngaphezu kokubili, futhi kwakukhona inqwaba yabo. UDavid Fincher wabhekana nalolu daba, wasiza umenzi womculo we-experience, ngoba umqondisi ogxile kulowo owenziwe nabalingiswa ezimakethe ezitshela mayelana ne-popcorn. Le filimu iqoqa inani elingakaze lize libekiwe kanye nokuphakanyiswa, ama-Oscars kuphela ayengu-13-ти.

Isitayela sawo somqondisi

Njengamanje, uDavid Fincher, u-filmography yakhe kakade iqukethe imidwebo engu-20, ulungiselela ukudubula amaphrojekthi amasha wefilimu. Umqondisi unesitayela sakhe esiyingqayizivele. Indlela yakhe yokwenza amafilimu ingafaniswa nesitayela somlobi somlobi waseMelika uWilliam Faulkner, oqala ukulandisa, ngokushesha uvula yonke inethiwekhi yamagatsha esakhiwo, futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi igatsha umfundi ozofika ngalo, uzoba phakathi kwezehlakalo. Kanjalo uFincher - umqondisi ubeka iwebhu, futhi abadlali abasoli ngalokhu, bavele benze umsebenzi wabo, bese kuthiwa lo msebenzi ufana ne-lace encane, eboshwe emlandweni we-subtlest. Lona ubuciko beqiniso bomculi weqiniso, okungukuthi uDavid Fincher, umqondisi kaNkulunkulu.