Ubuchopho isakhiwo. Pons

Kuzo zonke izinhlelo we isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko yomzimba ke akaconsi. Ubuchopho elawula yonke imisebenzi, okuyinto wanika indoda. Siyabonga kuye, wenza ubudlelwano phakathi umsebenzi kwezitho neenkambiso. Ngaphandle ukulawulwa ingqondo umuntu ngeke kube inhlangano iphila. Ngenxa ehlukaniswe we isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, thina nokunyakaza, ukukhuluma, ukucabanga futhi bazizwa ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle. Ubuchopho has a isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngamunye izingxenye zalo unesibopho umsebenzi othile. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi walo izakhiwo ahlinzeke umzimba wethu kuphela ekuhlanganisweni. Ikakhulukazi ekufundisweni, amalungu isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko kukhona medulla futhi Pons. Ziqukethe izikhungo ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo (senhliziyo, zokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, slozootdelitelny), kanye zisenza sibe iningi nezinzwa cranial.

Isakhiwo zobuchopho

Iyunithi isakhi isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko kuba namangqamuzana ezinzwa. Kuyinto leli seli unesibopho yokwamukela, ukucubungula ukugcinwa kolwazi. Zonke ubuchopho bomuntu yinhlanganisela izinzwa kanye nomgudu walo - axons futhi dendrites. Bona ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasignali e-CNS futhi emuva izitho. Ubuchopho yakhiwa grey futhi ndaba emhlophe. Eyokuqala yakha ngokwabo izinzwa, kwesibili - axons yabo. Izinhlaka eziyinhloko ubuchopho nenkabazwe (kwesokunxele bese kwesokudla), cerebellum futhi isiqu. Eyokuqala unesibopho kokuhlakanipha kwabantu, inkumbulo yakhe, ukucabanga, umcabango. ikakhulukazi, cerebellum kubalulekile ngefanelo nangokuvumelana, ke lenza kahle ukuma, ukuhamba, thatha izinto. Pons elise ngaphansi. He is ukuhlobana medulla futhi cerebellum.

Pons: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti

Ibhuloho ingenye izingxenye obungemuva. ubude bayo kuhluka 2.4 kuya 2.6 cm Pons has a isisindo mayelana 7 g izakhiwo lapho Abut nalo, -. Ingabe oblong futhi ubuchopho obuphakathi furrow transverse. Izingxenye ezisemqoka yilezi Pons engenhla futhi phakathi peduncles cerebellar okuyizinto izindlela ezinkulu. Front iyona inkatho basilar, eliqukethe imithambo usinika ubuchopho, futhi itholakala eduze indawo ophumayo we emsipheni trigeminal. Ngesikhathi ezingemuva amafomu Pons engxenyeni engenhla izimbobo rhomboid e ezazihlanganisa 6 futhi ingxenye 7 izinzwa cranial. Phezulu kwebhuloho amanga cores kakhulu (5, 6, 7, 8). Ngaphansi kwesithombe senqaba kwebhuloho baqhuba phezulu indlela: corticospinal, bulbar nozalo kuvuleke.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko walo mzimba:

1. Conductor - ngokwezindlela zakhe kukhona amaza emsipheni cortex cerebral kanye nomgogodla.
2. Thinta umsebenzi - inikezwa yi ezinzwa vestibular-cochlear kanye trigeminal. Esikhathini nuclei we 8th emsipheni cranial kwenzeka ngokucubungula ulwazi mayelana ezishukumisayo vestibular.
3. Motor - ihlinzeka nokwehlisa zonke izicubu ezithile ebusweni. Lokhu kungenxa nuclei we emsipheni trigeminal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yayo ebucayi ithola imininingwane ezintweni nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we-receptor umlomo inhlamvu yeso ikhanda namazinyo. Lezi zimpawu ithunyelwa ku fibre ibhuloho e cortex cerebral.
4. umsebenzi Integrative inikeza isixhumanisi phakathi kwamakhamera abheke phambili ubuchopho labaqaphi elingemuva.
5. Elisheshayo Brain.

kumiswa reticular kwebhuloho

kumiswa reticular - neketanga branched, ise-ubuchopho, ehlanganisa ezinzwa kanye nuclei. Itholakala cishe zonke zokwakheka CNS futhi ngokushelela ihamba kulo Mnyango eyodwa kuya kwenye. Pontine kumiswa reticular athambekele phakathi side futhi ephakathi. izinqubo zakhe ezinde - axons akha esiqinile white njalo sihambe ngendlela cerebellum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le micu we amangqamuzana ezinzwa e-amasignali ibhuloho angadluliselwa kusukela ekhanda emuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka reticular okuhambisa izimpawu cortex cerebral, kangangokuba akusekho ukuvuseleleka noma iphupho womuntu. I izikhwebu zitholakala kule ngxenye kwebhuloho, ubheke isikhungo ukuphefumula ise oblongata medulla.

Reflex umsebenzi kwebhuloho

Ikhono we isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko ukuba nokusabela ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle libizwa reflex. Isibonelo okuvela Ukuvuza amathe at the emehlweni ukudla, isifiso elele ngomsindo umculo opholile nokunye. G. Cerebral Ikhaliphe kungaba ngesimo futhi ngaphandle kwemibandela. Umuntu wokuqala ozuza kule ndlela yokuphila, bengathola noma kushintshwe kuye ngokuthi izifiso zethu. Lesi sakamuva singabangela kungabi ukwazi, bona obutholakala ngokuzalwa, futhi alikwazi ukushintshwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlafuna nokugwinya, ukuziqonda nezinye ikhaliphe.

Njengoba kwebhuloho kuthinta ukubukeka ikhaliphe

Ngenxa yokuthi i-Pons kuyingxenye quadrigemina, lubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuzwa futhi reflex kwezibalo. Ngenxa yokugcina, siyakwazi ukugcina umzimba ngendlela ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uxhumana ubuchopho yesibili, it ovala Ingcenye eqakathekileko yomsebenzi wehlelo ikhaliphe kwemisipha.