Isifingqo "Iliad" Kunconywa njengengxenye yezifundo zezikole kanye jikelele self-ukuthuthukiswa, ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi yasekuqaleni. Indaba sihlehlela emuva ngezikhwepha yaseGrisi yasendulo, ngesikhathi namaqhawe nama-legends. Ibhalwe ngu imbongi abayizimpumputhe, "Iliad" Homer Kuyoze uhlupho izingqondo mlando nezingqapheli zefilosofi emagama abo nokubaluleka.
Isingeniso. uthayi
Okokuqala, kufanele siqonde ukuthi umkhiqizo kuboshelwe azungeze umuzi of Troy, noma ngenye indlela "Ilios", kusukela lapho kuthatha igama lawo "The Iliad." Isifinyezo ingxenye yokuqala Kulula ukuba adlulisele ngamagama ambalwa: isikhulu Troy Paris nomfowabo Hector wavakashela ukuvakashelwa kobungane ukuze Menelaus, inkosi yakwa-Sparta. Paris, usindwa ubuhle umkakhe Menelaya Eleny, ukuyenga futhi kuthatha kuye ukuba Troy, ezingeke abajeziswa. Kusukela leli phuzu kukhona ikhefu :. Kwamenywa namaqhawe afana no-Odysseus, Ajax, Achilles, nabanye, ngokusekelwa uthi abaningi azihlanganisa kanye amabutho Ukuvinjezelwa komuzi asengozini. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ukuvinjezelwa okwathatha Achilles invulnerable ebhubhisa ithempeli unkulunkulu-nomvikeli Troy, lokho, ngokwemfundiso yesiko, liyakulahla yena ekufeni. Ezinsukwini ezilandelayo kukhona ukulwa hero of Troy, uHector, nge Patroclus, abagqoké zempi baka-Achilles, kulandele kokufa Patroclus revenge impela Achilles.
The main ingxenye. lokuvimbezela
"Iliad", sifinyeto okumele okungenani ukumboza izenzakalo ezinkulu sikhathi, awuzibe incazelo ukungqubuzana: elide lokuvimbezela iyize nokungabi nathemba amaqhawe kulo lonke izwe laseGrisi phambi ubukhulu izindonga okungenakubhubhiseka. Kube sekulandela incazelo impi futhi abalimala eziningi nhlangothi zombili ezilwayo, kanye nempi ye-Menelaus futhi esijana eParis, lapho Paris, ngehlazo, uHector wasinda, ukuthi amasosha athukuthele kuphela. Trojans wabuyela izindonga zomuzi bangene bese ukuvinjezelwa baqhubeka. Kodwa Odiseem ngobuqili, nokungelona wokuqala ukuthola indlela yokuphuma ezimweni ezinzima, kwathiwa kusungulwe uhlelo ngesinyenyela emzini.
Ihhashi lethrojani. umphumela
Ake ambalwa abantu bazi igama le nkondlo, kodwa sibonga i siqephu ihhashi iThrojani wabiza "Iliad", okuyinto isifinyezo libekwe kahle lapha, wehlela emlandweni njengoba feat. amabutho avimbezela yabuthelwa kusuka ugodo imikhumbi ihhashi omkhulu okushiywe njengesipho yokuwina ezintathu. Le catch kwaba ukuthi zazifihliwe ngaphakathi ihhashi amasosha kweshumi ezimbalwa, ukulungele ebusuku, ngemva ukuhalalisa kokunqoba, ukuvula amasango yebutho main, ukufihla ngemuva amatshe ogwini. Lapho kuqala ebusuku Troy zawa ngaphansi ukuhlaselwa amaGreki bagqekeza lo muzi futhi ambalwa Trojans waphunyuka olwandle. Ngokusho yetinsita kwaba kubo eRoma yasungulwa. Empini efanayo yawa Achilles omkhulu, ethintekile umcibisholo eParis endaweni ababuthakathaka kuphela - esithendeni.
Efingqa
Ngakho, esikufundisayo futhi yini ukutshela "Iliad"? Isifinyezo, yebo, awakwazi ukuveza bonke incazelo atshalwe umbhali nkondlo, kodwa ngisho lezi izinsalela umlando kwanele ukuba siqonde ukuthi amandla akuyona njalo ubusa ngaphezu enamandla kancane futhi ngobuqili ngezinye izikhathi kungaba umuntu fikisa ahlula, kodwa umuntu usizi olukhulu. Umqondo oyinhloko indaba itholakala lokuthi ukuthi nakuba impi yenzeka khona esikhathini eside kakhulu, inkumbulo nezigigaba ezinkulu amaqhawe bayophila phakade, futhi fana Nkulunkulu besikhathi sakhe, ukuba uphila, kodwa ayisheshi.