Sweet Umlando Chocolate

Namuhla ngezinye izikhathi thina call ushokoledi awukudla konkulunkulu. Kodwa eqinisweni, kwamaningi zeminyaka emine ukhona, kuningi osekushintshile. Ekuqaleni kwakungeyona okuqinile, leminikelo. Wayengekhona amnandi futhi okubabayo, nentukuthelo ngaphakathi. Futhi awuzange wakhonza ashisayo nabandayo. Uyini umlando ushokoledi? ubonakele isikhathi esingakanani lapho?

izizwe sidilizwa Indian: ihlelo ushokoledi

Ngisho ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu esivamile owayehlala endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi izizwe laseMexico Olmec wayekwazi lokho ushokoledi. Wayelethwa ahlonishwe ngokuthi isiphuzo wonkulunkulu. Izazi zemvelaphi nenhlalo yabantu ziye zathola ubufakazi bokuthi cocoa etshalwa njengoba isiko ewusizo ngo-1900 BC neminikelo yako okugazingiwe nepepper, bese ezihlangene ne obabayo futhi izinongo ehlukahlukene enongiwe yalungiswa.

I Olmecs lasendulo, Mayas and Aztec wathola ukuthi ushokoledi Akumnandi ukunambitheka kuphela, futhi kuthuthukisa kwemizwelo, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, anezakhi aphrodisiac. Ngakho-ke, it is endowed izakhiwo engaqondakali. Ngandlela-thile, lo mkhiqizo isibe ngisho into ekhonzwayo, ngoba izizwe American lasendulo ohlonishwayo unkulunkulu cocoa. isiphuzo Spicy ngalezo zinsuku, akatholakalanga ukuba wonke umuntu, ngaphandle kokukhetha, indoda, lalisetshenziswa ku emikhosini ekhethekile isiko, futhi udle ayengakwenza kuphela abapristi nezicukuthwane.

Ekhulwini xv, ubhontshisi nokhokho babé uhlobo lwemali. Babesebenzisa izizwe zama-Aztec ziqhubeke futhi Mayan ukudayisa bodwa. Ngokwesibonelo, amayunithi 100, ubungakwazi ukuthenga inkukhu ephilayo.

Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, e-emperor-Aztec XVI ekhulwini Montezuma baphuza amalitha amathathu ushokoledi ngosuku zokuthuthukisa libido yakhe.

1500s: ukubukeka ushokoledi eYurophu

Ngenxa umnqobi Spanish uHernán Cortés, ubhontshisi nokhokho kwalethwa eYurophu. Umnqobi edume of Mexico ebuka ezivulekile zegolide nezesiliva, futhi wathola abanye ingcebo kangangokuthi bayazisa abantu bezwe lakubo.

ESpain ukukhiqizwa isiphuzo ekwakhiweni washintsha. Chili izithako isuswe, bafaka ku uju efanayo ne vanilla. Isiphuzo yaqala ukuba nomusa nje abaseSpain. Futhi nakuba ushokoledi isibe ezahlukene, ezinoshukela, yena yayisalokhu imfanelo lokuqala okunethezeka nengcebo.

anqobe izwe

Emashumini eminyaka ezahlala hot chocolate isiphuzo kuphela Spanish. Nokho, kancane kancane, udumo lwakhe + lwaphumela. Ngo 1615 indodakazi Spanish iNkosi uPhilip III washada uLouis XIII. Njengoba siyithululele yathe ayeyithanda kwakungu eFrance lapho kwakuqala ukwanda kanye uye wacela simthande yezikhulu wendawo.

Ngo eJalimane, eFrance, e-Austria naseSwitzerland wavula izindawo ezikhethekile lapho izivakashi zazinikezwa ushokoledi. Isidingo izinto zokusetshenziswa sakhula, ngakho ukukhiqizwa ubhontshisi yasungulwa ngo-Central America. Uma ngokusebenzisa le ndawo, kwakusondela igagasi lokushisekela isifo ku amasimu kakhokho zaqala ngokukhethekile waletha le njongo kusukela nezigqila zase-Afrika.

Ukufika kombuso ushokoledi okuqinile

Chocolate ezahlala ayiphuze aristocrats kuze 1828. Khona-ke lapho umthaki wemithi Conrad van Holland guten wasungula cindezela ekhethekile, lapho ubhontshisi okugazingiwe kungenziwa kutsho lube impuphu. Ngakho-ke wahlukaniselwa amafutha cocoa ibhotela. Ngalo, ungakwazi sifinyelele ushokoledi ukuqina.

Lokhu kwavula inkathi entsha emlandweni intandokazi kwemikhiqizo eziningi. Ngenxa indlela entsha processing, izindleko zokukhiqiza kwehle, futhi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa chocolate ekuphekeni. Kancane kancane kwaba umkhiqizo mass, etholakalayo hhayi abantu abacebile kuphela.

Ngo-1847, inkampani British JS Fry & Sons ekhiqizwa ngowokuqala okuqinile ushokoledi ibha. Lalihlanganisa nokhokho oyimpuphu, bhotela noshukela. Rudolf Lindt ngo-1879, ngcono production. Wasungula umshini esikhethekile conching, esangenza ukunikeza mass homogeneous sweet Velvety ukuthungwa.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kwakukhona brand owaziwa namuhla "Mars", "I-Cadbury" futhi "Hershey". Bavula kukhiqizwe abantu abathandwa emazweni amaningi imikhiqizo ushokoledi. Futhi lezi zinkampani akhona namuhla, nokugcina amasiko engcono.

Bewazi yini ukuthi emhlabeni minyaka yonke wachitha kwezigidi ezingu-75 zamarandi ushokoledi?