Special (defectological) imfundo. Sezifo: kuphi futhi ubani usebenza

Kwezemfundo ephakeme, engenayo inikeza anhlobonhlobo zokuqeqesha. Omunye amakhono, okuyinto kungabonakala amanye amanyuvesi, izinhlangano zezifundiswa kanye nezikhungo, - ". Special (defectological) imfundo" a Abantu ababefunda kulo mkhakha, ezibhekwa Ochwepheshe eliyingqayizivele futhi okufunekayo ezweni lanamuhla. Kwezinye amanyuvesi ahlinzekwa lesi siqondiso ukuqeqeshwa? Othile zabafundi abathole iziqu abagcina kahle isimiso semfundo futhi amadiploma wathola ukusebenza?

imfundo Defectological: ngokuyisisekelo isiqondiso

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abakhubazekile edinga ukunakekelwa onekhono ochwepheshe. It babe othisha abaqeqeshiwe, inkulumo pathologists. A emkhakheni abantu ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu ezikoleni zamabanga aphakeme e "imfundo defectological."

Phakathi nezifundo zakhe, umfundi ngamunye uyafundelwa eyala eziningi. Lezi zihlanganisa futhi "Psychology" futhi "Psychology" futhi 'elisekela Medical begazi futhi Defectology ", kanye" The Umtholampilo thuthuva engqondo ", nokunye .. Ngenxa yalokho ukuthuthukiswa Uhlelo umuntu liyakwazi kwezimilo, ezemfundo kanye nomsebenzi wokubonisana-zokuxilonga :

• ukulungisa iziyaluyalu entuthuko;
• ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ngabanye zemfundo kanye kwezimilo;
• ukutadisha abanezidingo ezikhethekile kanye nezidingo abantu abakhubazekile;
• ukunikeza iseluleko kubantu abakhubazekile, amalungu emikhaya yabo.

amaphrofayli Special (defectological) kumiswa

Kokuqhubeka bebheke "imfundo defectological", izicelo ezitholakalayo zenza ukukhetha phakathi amaphrofayli. Inombolo yabo incike inyuvesi. Amaphrofayili alandelayo ahlinzekwa, isibonelo, eza impohlo:

• "Psychology Special";
• "Speech therapy";
• "Ukwesekwa Pedagogical nezingokwengqondo maqondana nezingane ezikhubazekile ';
• "Oligophrenopedagogics".

Ukuze more ngokujulile ulwazi emayunivesithi abaningi bebheke "defectological (ekhethekile) imfundo" master aqine. zokuqeqesha ukuhlangabezana okulandelayo:

• "Ezemfundo womanyano";
• "Ukwesekwa Pedagogical nezingokwengqondo kwabantu abanokukhubazeka";
• "Speech therapy (imfundo sabantu ngenkulumo kahle)";
• "Ubuchwepheshe Innovative in imfundo inkulumo egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo."

Ukuphuthuma okukhethekile ezweni lanamuhla

Amayunivesithi, izinhlangano zezifundiswa kanye nezikhungo ukuthi babe "Ezemfundo defectological" ekhethekile, umema abafundi ukufunda. Amalungu ekomiti Ukukhetha, othisha ukhulume ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo, ngoba okwamanje inkinga kunalokho okukhulu imfundo yezingane ezikhubazekile. Cishe 9-11% kwabantu phakathi kwabantu ezingane irhelebho defectologists othisha. Usizo kuyadingeka futhi abanye abadala.

Abantu, owayefundelwa ngesiqondiso "defectological imfundo ekhethekile", wahlanganyela ukuthuthukiswa, imfundo nokuqeqesha izingane nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zentuthuko eziphathelene kokubili sphere ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Izindawo umsebenzi ochwepheshe okuhloswe ngazo abantu abanale nkinga yokungadli kahle abeyizuzile futhi azalwa naso umbono, ukuzwa, pathologies we-apharathasi vocal, ukwehla ukukhalipha, ukusabela psychoneurotic.

Ukutholakala izimfanelo siqu kuyadingeka

Direction sokulungiselela "imfundo defectological" ezithakazelisayo, kodwa hhayi bonke abantu. Uma ukhetha lokhu okukhethekile kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi Umeluleki kufanele ifa izimfanelo ezithile zomuntu siqu. Lo muntu kumele kube:

• isinyathelo;
• ezinamandla;
• friendly;
• nesu lokungacunuli;
• bayasethemba umphumela ngempumelelo imisebenzi yabo, isicelo Uhlelo kwezimilo.

Uchwepheshe Ikusasa kufanele sibe nethemba. Ukuba Nethemba Lokuhle abantu baqashwe kakade kubonakala umsebenzi yezenhlalakahle maqondana isihloko kokuba umthamo elinganiselwe, yaze yaba umphakathi lapho abafundi zizofakwa, ukuze yena.

Ukulungiselela imfundo NPCs

Cishe yonke imizi has a enyuvesi, okuyinto has a isiqondiso "imfundo defectological." E-Moscow kukhona imisebenzi embalwa. Omunye ezikoleni - Russian okusha University (NPCs). Kuyinto inhlangano ezizimele okungezona inzuzo yemfundo belilokhu likhona kusukela 1991.

"Defectological Ezemfundo" eNyuvesi inikeza Faculty of Psychology futhi Pedagogy. Uma uthola isicelo ngamunye unikezwa ithuba lokukhetha ifomu elula kakhulu ekuqeqesheni. Ngo esigcwele amakilasi aphethwe izinsuku 5 ngesonto. Imibhangqwana esikoleni esiphakeme ukuqala emahoreni angu-9. On engekho e Russian abafundi entsha inyuvesi ngokuzimela ukuthuthukisa isimiso semfundo. Amakilasi eyunivesithi aphethwe 2 izikhathi ngonyaka phakathi nesimiso, isikhathi lapho imayelana 20 days.

Imfundo e MPSU

Phakathi amanyuvesi aqeqesha othisha, inkulumo abelaphi, usengakwazi ukunikeza isibonelo eMoscow Psychological and Social University (MPSU). Lokhu semfundo ubuye ezizimele okungezona inzuzo isikhungo. Imisebenzi yaso nyuvesi sihlehlela emuva 1995.

Moscow inyuvesi psycho-social, eyayaziwa ngokuthi sikhungo nokobana isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa izinhlelo yesimanje zemfundo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona "imfundo defectological" ku impohlo. It inikezwa esigcwele, amatoho futhi zifunde ngeposi. izinhlelo Master kule ndawo esikoleni esiphakeme kungukuthi enikeziwe.

Ngokuzayo abathweswe iziqu

Abantu wean maqondana "defectological (ekhethekile) imfundo" emayunivesithi futhi wathola i-diploma, ungasebenza ezihlukahlukene izinhlangano:

• ezikhungweni zemfundo ye zonke izinhlobo kanye namazinga;
• e (zokulungisa) zasenkulisa, isikole kanye nezikhungo zezokwelapha ezikhethekile;
• ezikhungweni zokubasiza ezingokwengqondo, wezokwelapha, kwezemfundo nezenhlalo;
• izikhungo zokuvikeleka komphakathi;
• izinhlangano ezisiza nomphakathi ukusebenza nabantu abaphila nokukhubazeka okuthile.

Abathweswa iziqu, esikhathini esizayo elinde umsebenzi onzima. Basuke ukusebenza ngomuntu othile uzodinga ukusiza nje ngokumsiza kodwa umndeni wakhe. Nasi isibonelo. Ngakho, uthisha-Umeluleki isebenza nge ingane ngokuhambisana uhlelo lwethu kwezimilo. Esikhathini onekhono izidingo ukunakekelwa, yena nabazali bakhe, eziseduze, ngoba umkhaya udlala indima ebalulekile inqubo ukulungiswa kanye nethonya Pedagogical. Ingqikithi ekusizeni abazali ukweluleka on ukuthuthukisa, ukuqeqeshwa, komphakathi kanye nokuhlanganiswa wengane ku umphakathi. Ngakho, umsebenzi kuyoba nzima, kodwa ezithakazelisayo, ngakho-ke, ikhethelo "defectological (ekhethekile) imfundo" ufanelwe ukuqashelwa.