Skidding imishini: izinhlobo, izici, injongo

Izinkuni - izinto ezahlukene ukuthi kuyadingeka yibo bonke futhi njalo. Kodwa ngaphambi kwesihlahla iphenduke umkhiqizo osuphelile, ke kuyodingeka zidlule eziningi imisebenzi wokulungiselela. Luqala ngokunikela ukugawula futhi skidding. Futhi uma roll (isihlahla ahlabayo) ngaphansi ibutho labantu ngamasaha ke skidding - inqubo more xaka. On abagawuli ukusiza lapha kufika umshini ekhethekile - skidders. Bona ukuphuthumisa kakhulu futhi lula izinkuni futhi ezibhekwa iyisibusiso lwezisebenzi namahlathi. Namuhla siyazi nawe, kuyini ugodo imishini skidding futhi simazi kangcono ezinye onobuhle zabo.

aphoyintimenti

Skidding libizwa ukuthuthwa izihlahla lonke noma isihlahla sobude izingodo kuya ukulayisha endaweni - indawo okungase ukushayela amaloli. Nge ukulayisha endaweni ezenziwe ngokhuni ekususweni - ethutha ngaphandle ibhande ihlathi ke.

Isidingo umsebenzi egawula isobala. imishini amaHlathi kanye ezokuthutha esinda komugqa akakwazi ukufinyelela endaweni cutting ukuqoqa izinkuni lapho, ngakho impahla kumele uthunyelwe endaweni ukuqalisa ukhululekile. Skidding ikuvumela ukuba agxilise ezindaweni elula isilungele ukulayisha futhi eminye ezokuthutha ugodo.

Ngakho, skidding kungenziwa ngokuthi ezokuthutha imisebenzi, kodwa bahluke kwezinye izinhlobo ezokuthutha imisebenzi. Njengoba imishini skidding ukuhambisa endaweni ebanzi kakhulu futhi wasigcina kwenye ahlabayo endaweni isikhathi esifushane, ebeka imigwaqo ngabo engeke asebenze. Skidding wenziwa kwezimo ezinzima emigwaqweni, noma kuphi ehlathini ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Endleleni yakhe skidder ihlangana ne isisindo izithiyo: iziphunzi, imithi ewile, amadwala nezinye izindawo izimbuku. Ngenxa yalokhu, futhi kukhona izidingo ezikhethekile kuya skidder.

izici design

imishini Skidding ababuthelwa ngesisekelo ugandaganda elula. Egibele emsamo ugandaganda uzimele esinqunyiwe ukulayisha ngeziswebhu. It unamathele ezingemuva umshini.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ugandaganda ezinjalo luyanda eziveza ndawo. I emikhulu lokungcolisa, ingcindezi kancane ugandaganda has phansi, futhi kuba lula ukuhambisa e permeability ongaphakeme. Ehlathini, kubalulekile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, skidding umshini kumele abe ngamandla uhlelo enamandla, babe permeability ezinhle kanye nekhono ukusebenza nzima izimo zezulu. Ngokuvamile, imishini enjalo ifakwe diesel. Ngaphezu ugandaganda kungenziwa bufakwe: uzimele noma platform emakhiyubhi ukhuni indophi, ukubambana namanye nezinamathiselo. Ngokuvamile, endlwaneni eyakhiwe namandla iyunithi skidder kukhona front futhi bakhulise umsebenzi platform. Tom isifundo esiwusizo - lapho emsamo selulayisheke ugodo, umshini uyalinganisela futhi kulula ukuba kudlule izithiyo. Uma omunye amaqembu zazizidlula ukunyakaza endleleni yenza kube nzima kakhulu.

umshini Feller-skidding has isicelo ebanzi. Ngenxa imishini ekhethekile, kungaba zokugawula imithi, kwakha pack ezokuthutha ugodo endaweni oyifunayo.

izinhlobo skidders

Ngesisekelo skidder ongabeka ugandaganda ezahlukene. Kuye uhlobo thruster, bangase ngesihlalo esinamasondo wayiswa noma zithwalwe ngezinyawo. Okuningi ezivamile imodeli namanje zilandelwa, njengoba benjalo, sibonga contact endaweni enkulu, aphakeme nozakwabo ezinamasondo ku unqamule izwe. Kuye indlela leqoqo ugodo, okuyinto ifakwe ugandaganda trelevochniki kukhona choker futhi beschokernymi.

Umshini skidding choker isetshenziselwa ukuthutha izingodo ukuthi abangu washayiseka nge chainsaws Feller. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa ugandaganda ezifana TDT-55, PSI-10 nabanye.

Beschokernye skidding imishini, phakathi kwabanye, ube design yabo bamba, noma njengoba ibizwa, Hydro. Lolu hlobo imisebenzi esihambisana umshini wokuvuna. Phakathi beschokernyh ugandaganda onobuhle kungenziwa waphawula: LT-154, LT-187, kanye nabanye.

abakhiqizi abaziwayo

Kuye umakhi kanye model of the skidding imoto, kungenzeka ezinye umehluko ukusebenza. Lakhicitwe, abanye abakhiqizi of ogandaganda neminye imishini ekhethekile. Ngo emakethe yethu ungathola amamodeli we zokukhiqiza Russian angaphandle. Phakathi abakhiqizi Russian of skidders uzinake izitshalo ezifana:-Altai, Kirov, Onega, futhi inkampani "Tesmark". imishini okungenisiwe is naye wayemele emakethe ngempela kakhulu. Lena ngokuyinhloko ifemu: "UJohane Deer", futhi Caterpillar "Velte". Yiqiniso, ngaphandle kwalokhu abakhiqizi, kukhona nezinye, kancane owaziwa. Ukuze uqonde kangcono izici eziyinhloko imishini skidding, ubheka tractor ambalwa owaziwa.

TDT-55

Lo mshini ingenye abameleli bhá of Russian imishini skidding. Imodeli kuyinto ugandaganda drawbar ekilasini lesithathu isibungu. Ingasetshenziselwa ku ukustaka futhi ebamba ugodo osayizi enkulu naphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini ingasetshenziswa imisebenzi asizayo: ukulungiswa portages, messing bezungeza ngeziswebhu, yokulayisha yokululama zikagwayi.

Ugandaganda ubhekana umsebenzi permeability abampofu. He kubhekwa umholi emkhakheni izingodo processing, kodwa isetshenziswa nezinye izinhlobo imisebenzi ekhethekile. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we ugandaganda kubhekwe ukusebenza imithwalo esindayo izinsimbi.

Le modeli yenziwa Onega izixaxa Plant 1966. Ngo-2003, watholakala akusebenzi futhi ikhishiwe ukusuka ekukhiqizeni. Iminyaka 37 udaba ubonakele kokulungiswa kancane ugandaganda:

1. LHT-55. Tipper has a platform metal, ephakamisa nezinamathiselo futhi Pheqa ikhasi elingemuva.
2. TDT-55 nge motor entsha.
3. TDT-55 A-05. Kusukela inguqulo yangaphambilini has a injini namandla kakhulu.

Ubukghoni nokubhalelwa

Inzuzo enkulu TDT-55 ugandaganda, owawungumnyaka isizathu kwayo futhi ukusetshenziswa kabanzi, kwaba alula. Ukusebenza umshini cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi okwenzeka ezimweni ezithile, kodwa ayebhekana nazo zonke imisebenzi kalula. Ugandaganda kwaba lula kakhulu ukulungisa kanye nokugcinwa. Ugandaganda abashayeli bakuthola cishe okuphakade. imishini Ukumelana kufezwa ngokusebenzisa high quality materials kanye Ukuyekwa kwezindlela zezinqubo kwakungafanele zibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi aphume oda. Sikhuluma mayelana conditioner emoyeni, isikhwama somoya futhi inani elikhulu izinkinobho. Isikhala bekhululiwe ufake injini enamandla kanye ne-transmission okuthembekile. Ngosizo lwabo, imodeli lithole extra 30-40% patency.

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi intengo TDT-55 ugandaganda overpriced, kodwa uma ucabanga zonke izinzuzo imodeli, singaphetha ngokuthi buyafaneleka ngokuphelele. Ngokuya nokwethenjelwa, izindleko izingxenye ezisele futhi petrol kule yunithi ingenye ezikhanga kakhulu ingxenye yayo. Intengo ugandaganda esimweni esejwayelekile, ububanzi engama-ruble angu-1.2 million 1.8 emakethe yesibili. izinkinga Model zingatholakala ruble ayizigidi ezingu-400. Njengoba imodeli luseyintandokazi, bakuthola kunzima ngempela asalayo.

amapharamitha

izici Technical ugandaganda TDT-55:

1. Motor Amandla - 70 noma 95 amalitha. a.
2. Specific petrol - 227 noma 167 g / kWh.
3. Tank umthamo - 140 l.
4. Ubukhulu - 5850/2357/2560 mm.
5. Ground imvume - 555 mm.
6. Ground ingcindezi - 44 KPA.
7. Ukunqanda isisindo - amathani 9.6.
8. I ngesivinini esiphezulu 12,8 km / h.

TT-4

Enye imodeli eziyihlazo ukwakhiwa Soviet. Limelela trelevochnik wesine traction ekilasini elakhelwe egawula. Ngenxa amacimbi eqinile, imishini choker kanye aphansi Uhlaka Ukuvikelwa iyunithi ubhekana nezinkinga ongaxazulula akubona bonke imishini.

Ukungena imodeli TT-4 ugandaganda ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi Altai izixaxa Plant kusuka 1969 kuya ku-2010. Model okusekelwe inguqulo TDT-75, owawungumnyaka omkhulu kakhulu ekilasini yayo kule-yalolucwaningo 70. Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza umshini, abaklami niyenzé izinguquko eziningi, eziningi zazo isibe injini entsha. Ngenxa ukwakha ngohlaka nge phansi avaliwe, ugandaganda akesabi ukuxhumana namabhampa snags, okuyizinto ihlathi zingatholakala at zonke sinyathelo. Omunye umehluko ebalulekile ugandaganda Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi motor kanye bamba zitholakala ngaphakathi cab.

Ubukghoni nokubhalelwa

Skidder TT-4 futhi inguqulo esetshenziswa ukuthutha lesikafula futhi komthwalo wayo phezu izingodo, futhi zonke izinhlobo ezisekelweni. Kunoma imishini namahlathi kungenziwa exhunywe njenge-trailer nalokho. Ngenxa unpretentiousness ugandaganda kanye ukuzinza imisebenzi yayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezingafani zezulu, kuthandwa kakhulu ezindaweni nokhahlo enyakatho.

amathrekhi Wide nomthelela ukuhamba abushelelezi umshini, hhayi kuphela ngebhayisikili imizila ihlathi, kodwa futhi izimbuku, iqhwa kanye nezinye izindawo inkinga. A patency ezinhle kuyasiza nasekubeni sibe ukudluliswa ngempumelelo. Naphezu kobungako nobuningi bayo, ugandaganda, noma kunalokho, udizili yayo injini, has ezifisweni nesizotha kakhulu.

I ethile eyinhloko imodeli Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi motor is aboshelwe cab. abanikazi abaningi futhi ungathandi ukuthi ngenxa massiveness ugandaganda, ke inekhono ongaphakeme. Ngokwesibonelo, trelevochnika TDT-55, ezichazwe ngenhla, kuyinto maneuverability ethe xaxa. kuwufanele ugandaganda TT-4 udaba eledlule ruble abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili. Lwakamumva ngaphambi 2000 kungadla cishe kabili njengoba kancane.

amapharamitha

Izici ugandaganda TT-4:

1. motor umthamo - 81 wamalitha. a.
2. Specific petrol - 250 g / kWh.
3. Tank umthamo - 135 amalitha.
4. Ubukhulu - 6000/2500/2750 mm.
5. Clearance - 550 mm.
6. Ground ingcindezi - 44,13 KPA.
7. Ukunqanda isisindo - amathani 13.
8. ngesivinini esiphezulu - 20 km / h.

John Deere 848H

Manje, kafushane bajwayelane onobuhle angaphandle. skidders ezinamasondo John Deere 848H uhlukile inqubo yayo. Kuyinto icwecwe, ukuzinza okusezingeni eliphezulu, maneuverability esihle kanye nomnotho. Ugandaganda gripper ifakwe ukuthi uyakwazi ngeziswebhu esitebeleni tendlulisa clamping force on iyiphi indawo.

Imodeli ine ngesivinini, kodwa ukonga kakhulu petrol. Anqoba ngayo nenhlabathi exhaphozini, emithambekeni emaweni kanye nezinye "izipho" yehlathi. Motor ugandaganda ifakwe injini okuthembekile, ukonga imvelo ethobela Tier 2. design Special isisindo isakazwa phakathi eksisi umshini, sisivumele ibhekane kalula izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. I Converter torque engu ikumodi okuzenzakalelayo ivumela zihluka torque anda amandla tractor.

Ngenxa alo abanikeze asebenza nabo ukufinyelela motor lemifanekiso, gearbox futhi uhlelo wokubacindezela kutfokomele kakhulu. Epholisayo kanye ezibandayo uwoyela wokubacindezela ifakwa phambili for yokuhlanza lula. Mayelana no-opharetha induduzo inkampani futhi akayikhohliwe. Salon ifakwe Ukupholisa kanye Ukushisa izinhlelo. Kulawulwa isigwedlo olulodwa, okuyinto kunciphisa zabasebenzi kanye kwandisa umkhiqizo. Izindleko zalesi ugandaganda kuzoqala ayizinkulungwane yikhulu dollar.

Imininingwane Model:

1. amandla Motor - 200 l. a.
2. Tank umthamo - 329 amalitha.
3. Ubukhulu - 8072/3560/2946 mm.
4. Ground imvume - 615 mm.
5. Ukunqanda isisindo - amathani 17,8.
6. ngesivinini esiphezulu - 20,9 km / h.

isiphetho

Kufinyeta okungenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi skidders kakhulu lula futhi ukusheshisa inqubo ukugawula. Lena real wonke amasondo izimoto, ekwazi udonse ngokwami amathani ukhuni cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo.