Uhlelo lwe-alamu lomlilo. Iyini uhlelo lwe-alamu yezwi?

Uhlelo lwe-alarm alarm lunye lwezingxenye zomlilo nokuvikelwa kobuchwepheshe. Ngokusho kwamazinga okuphepha komlilo eRussian Federation, noma yisiphi isakhiwo kufanele sibe nesimiso esinjalo.

Incazelo

Uhlelo lwe-alamu lomlilo luyisethi yezinyathelo zenhlangano ezihloswe ukuxwayisa abantu ngesingozi esingaba khona, kanye nezindlela ezingenzeka zokukhipha esakhiweni. Lolu hlelo lufakwe kanye nesistimu ye-alarm alarm. Abaningi babo banezinsiza zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomsindo nokusakazwa okuphuthumayo. Ungathumela isaziso esidingekayo ngokusebenzisa noma iyiphi yefoni yangaphakathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukudayela inombolo ekhethekile yekhodi. Ngezinye izikhathi kumabhizinisi amakhulu lolu hlelo lisetshenziselwa ukuthola isisebenzi esithile.

Izinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zalezi zinhlelo, futhi ukukhetha kwabo kuxhomeke kuhlaka lokulawula futhi okwesibili - ngezifiso zomthengi.

1. Isaziso somsindo. Lesi isignali esicacile, i-alamu ye-alamu, njll.
2. Isaziso sokukhanya. Njengoba izimpawu zokukhanya ziyizibonakaliso ezikhanyayo ngokubhalwe phansi "Phumani" nge-pointer edwetshiwe.
3. Isexwayiso nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Ngokuhambisana nezithombe "Phuma", abantu baziswa ngokusebenzisa izikhulumi mayelana nezenzo ezidingekayo.
4. Isaziso sokukhanya, izwi, isaziso sezendawo elula kanye nesaziso sezendawo kungenzeka ukuthi impendulo evela ku-dispatcher.
5. Isaziso sokukhanya, izwi, isaziso sezendawo kungenzeka ukuthi impendulo evela ku-dispatcher, ukuqaliswa kwezixwayiso eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, zonke izinhlelo zihlanganiswa neposi lokuthumela.

Uhlelo lwe-alarm alarm yindlela enokwethenjelwa futhi elula yokwazisa abasebenzi mayelana nomlilo noma esinye isimo esiphuthumayo, ukudluliselwa kwezindaba ezikhethekile noma ngisho ukuhalalisela.

Izingxenye zesistimu yokuxwayisa umphakathi

Isistimu yokuxwayisa elula futhi yokuphumula ihlanganisa: imakrofoni, i-loudspeaker (eyodwa noma eziningana), i-amplifier. Ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi, amamojula wokukhetha amakhemikhali, amamojula wokuxuba namanye amabhlogo angafakwa ngokungeziwe, ngokusekelwe kuphrojekthi kanye nesabelo somsebenzi.

Izinhlobo ze-loudspeakers

Uma ukhetha i-loudspeaker ethile, izinhlelo zokuxwayisa nezokuthutha kufanele zisekelwe ezimweni zomsebenzi wazo wesikhathi esizayo: lapho kuzosetshenziswa khona, emgwaqweni noma ekamelweni, imilayezo kuphela noma izingoma zomculo zizosakazwa, kanye nezici ze-acoustic ekamelweni lapho ukufakwa kuhlelwe khona.

Namuhla, abakhiqizi sebekulungele ukunikeza ama-loudspeaker angathengi ababukeli obuhlukahlukene, ubukhulu namakhono. Kuzo zonke lezi zinqwaba udinga ukuyihlunga. Indlela elula ukuwahlukanisa zibe izinhlobo eziyinhloko:

1. I-loudspeakers horn uhlobo. Kusetshenziswe ezindaweni ezivulekile nasemkhiqizweni. Lezi zwi-loudspeakers zibhekwa ngomsindo ophezulu wezwi. Isetshenziswe kuphela ukudluliselwa kwezikhangiso ngenxa yobubanzi obuncane bokuphindaphindiwe kwama-frequencies. Ahluke kumazwibela ajwayelekile futhi ngokuthi ane-angle encane kakhulu yemisebe yomsindo. Kuphakanyiswe ezisekelweni, imibhoshongo, izibonda, iziqhafaza zezakhiwo. Isetshenziswa emahholo wokukhiqiza nakwezinye izindawo ezifanayo lapho umsindo wezwi uphakeme khona.
2. Ukufakwa ezindaweni ezivulekile. Ezingosini ezinjalo, kusetshenziswe izikhulumi ezikhuluma uthuli, ezikwazi ukusebenza ngamazinga amaningi okushisa. Yiyo le mingcele okufanele inikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile uma ukhetha lolu hlobo. Izinga lokuvikela uthuli kufanele lilingane ne-IP-34. Ibanga lokushisa li--25 ° С - + 40 ° С. Izimfuneko ezinjalo zingamelana nama-loudspeakers ngezinsimbi ezenziwe ngamaplastiki angenakushisa noma insimbi. Ukumisa kukuvumela ukuba ushintshe isiqondiso kwelinye lamabhomu amabili.
3. Ama-loudspeakers asekelwe. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziselwa kabanzi emagcekeni aphezulu. Umklamo wabo uvumela ukufakwa okudingekayo Ukuphakama, okuqinisekisa ukuthi kufana nokuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo kwezakhiwo zomcibisholo obunzima kakhulu. Amadivaysi anjalo asetshenziselwa amahholo okuhweba nge-multi-high noma ephakeme kakhulu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi bahambisana ngokunamandla ekwakhiweni kwegumbi, bafakwe ezingeni elifanayo njengezinto zokukhanyisa. Lokhu kwenza izikhulumi cishe zingabonakali, kodwa zizwakala kahle. Zihlanganiswe ezakhiweni zezakhiwo zensimbi noma izigxobo.
4. Ukufakwa odongeni. Lolu hlobo aluluthandwa njengodonga olusungulwe noma olumisiwe kuma-loudspeakers asele. Lokhu kubangelwa ubunzima bokusebenza kokufaka. Ngakho-ke, esodongeni sezitini uzodinga ukulungisa i-niche, futhi hhayi ngamunye wabo unesisindo esibalulekile, ukuze le niche ibe nokujula ngokwanele. Ukufakwa ebhodini le-gypsum kwenziwa ngosizo lweziphethu, ezitholakala emgodini olungiselelwe ngaphambilini.
5. Ukufakwa endaweni ekhohlisayo yamanga. Isetshenziswe kakhulu, ifanele izakhiwo nganoma yikuphi ukucushwa. Isimo esiyinhloko ukutholakala kwelayili lamanga. Esikhathini senqubo yokuklama, kufanele kunikezwe okukhethekile ukulinganisa okuphelele kwezikhulumi nokuphakama kwawo, okungadluli ibanga phakathi kwetafula eliyisisekelo nokumisa okwesikhashana. Amadivaysi anjalo aphakanyiswa ngosizo lwamithombo, alungiselela emgodini olungiselelwe kuphahleni.
6. Ukuphakamisa udonga. Okuthandwa kakhulu, okubangelwa kalula ukufakwa nokuhambisana nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zendawo yangaphakathi. Iphakanyiswe ngamathaya, afakwe ezindongeni.
7. Ama-loudspeakers akhethekile (okuphephile ngokuqondile, ukuphefumula, njll). Uhlelo lwesaziso sezwi kumayini lunikezwa ngalolu hlobo. Futhi nasezindaweni zezimboni nakwezindawo ezivulekile, lapho zikhona khona noma zingase zibe izingxube zokuqhuma. Lolu hlobo luvikelekile kakhulu, kodwa izindleko zalo ziphakeme kakhulu.

Uhlu lwamaphutha

Ububanzi bama frequencies abukhiphayo bukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise wonke ama-loudspeakers abe yi-broadband ne-narrowband. Abokuqala banekhwalithi elizwakalayo elizwakalayo futhi izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu. Zisetshenziswa kuphi nomunye ngaphandle kwemiyalezo yezwi oyidingayo ukuze usakaze izinhlelo zomculo. Lezi zinkimbinkimbi zezemidlalo, izindawo zokuthenga nezokuzijabulisa, izitolo ezinkulu. Njengomthetho, isaziso sesaziso sezwi sakhiwa ngamadivayisi ohlobo lwesibili. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamadivaysi anjalo alalelwayo ukudluliselwa kwemilayezo yezwi kuphela. Lezi zwi-loudspeakers zihlanganisa ngempumelelo umsindo wezinga elijwayelekile kanye nezindleko eziphansi.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinhlelo zokuxwayisa

Abakhiqizi bamazwe angaphandle kanye nabakhiqizi basekhaya kumele baqinisekise imikhiqizo yabo yalolu hlobo ngendlela ephoqelelwe yokuhambisana namazinga okuphepha komlilo eRussia Federation. Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlelo zokuxwayisa kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokusebenza ngendlela ehlukahlukene yokusebenza, ukuhambisana kwamandla kagesi, isikhathi sisho ukwehluleka, ukumelana nokushisa, njll. Isitifiketi se-CA CAA OPS GOVO MVD (Umzimba wokuqinisekisa isitifiketi sokuphepha kwezobuchwepheshe).

Ukuklama

Inqubo evamile yokuhlelwa kwezinhlelo zokuxwayisa isungulwa yimithetho yomlilo. Le phrojekthi kumele ihlinzekele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa uhlelo lokukwaziswa kwezokuvikela umphakathi kanye nalesi simiso. Kumele zombili zisebenze ngepulse yomyalo, eyakha i-alamu yomlilo.

Ukuhlukanisa isakhiwo ezindaweni, umklami kufanele ahlakulele umyalelo okhethekile wokuxwayisa abasebenzi abangekho enkampanini. Ubukhulu bezindawo ezinjalo, umyalelo wokuxwayisa kanye nesikhathi sokuqala kwawo kunqunywe yizimiso zokukhishwa okuphephile kwabasebenzi abasebenza esimweni esinobungozi bomlilo.

Isaziso sesistimu. Ukuphakama

Ukufaka ama-annunciator emazweni avikelwe kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yokuthi ungabandakanyi umsindo ongafanelwe nokugxila kwamagagasi omsindo. Lawa madivayisi akufanele abe nokulawula kwevolumu, futhi kufanele axhumeke kumadivayisi ngaphandle kwamadivayisi we-plug-in.

Uhlelo lwe-alamu lomlilo kufanele lusebenze uma nje abantu bedinga ukushiya izindawo eziyingozi noma isakhiwo.

Izimpawu zomsindo wesistimu yesaziso kubukeka kwazo kufanele zihluke nemisindo yenye inhloso.

Uhlelo lwe-alamu lomlilo kufanele luphathwe kusuka ekamelweni lokulawula (isiteshi somlilo) noma ezinye izakhiwo ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha komlilo futhi zivunyelwe ngendlela efanele.

Indlela yokudweba imiyalezo esiphuthumayo

Ukusakaza imilayezo enjalo kungcono ukusebenzisa irekhodi elilungiselelwe ngaphambilini, ngoba inkulumo ye-dispatcher ingathuthukisa ukwesaba kwabantu esimweni esibucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi zengqondo zincoma ukusebenzisa izwi eliphansi lentombazane, ngoba i-spectrum yayo iyavumelana nendawo ebhekene nayo ebalulekile ekuboneni. Umbhalo womlayezo kufanele uzwakale ungathathi hlangothi futhi uphephe ukwesaba, uqukethe ulwazi mayelana nemizila yokuphumula esuka esakhiweni. Ukuheha, ungadlulisa ithoni ekuqaleni nasekugcineni komlayezo.