Saint Feodosiy Chernigovsky

Idili usuku St Feodosiya Chernigovskogo kugujwa kabili ngonyaka - Septhemba 9 (usuku nokunxusa) no-5 Febhuwari (sosukwini lokufa kwakhe). Igama lakhe belingana abangcwele, bobani umhlobiso futhi inkazimulo lonke Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia eyigugu kakhulu. idatha Esinembile, lapho azalelwa khona. Yini eyaziwayo wukuthi wazalwa ngasekupheleni 30-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XVII ku Ukraine. Igama lakhe Polonitsky-Uglitskikh wayevela emkhayeni lwasendulo ahlukile. Abazali we saint esizayo Femme Nikita noMaria. Ngaphambi besikhathi sakhe kwavela ukwaziswa okuncane mayelana esengumntwana nangesikhathi usakhula. Omunye uyazi nje ukuthi wayengumuntu lithambe kakhulu futhi emnene.

oNgcwele uTheodosius

Ekuqaleni wakhuliswa abazali, batshala kuye kusukela ebuntwaneni ukwesaba uNkulunkulu futhi ukuzishaya yobuKristu. Khona-ke waba umfundi we Kyïv eBratsk Epiphany School, nalapho kuthiwa konke ukuphila kwakhe ngokujulile. Ngaleso sikhathi, ikhanda lawo bekungelegolide-Archbishop Chernigovskiy Lazar (Baranavichy). Ukuze lokhu zokuxhumana. Feodosiy Chernigovsky amagqubu hlonipho fb kanye nenhlonipho.

Ngemva kokuphothula St UTheodosius sanquma ukunikezela kuNkulunkulu kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Abazali abesaba uNkulunkulu, ubuholi ezingokomoya uyakha lesikole, kanye nobungcwele endaweni ukukhuthaza futhi baqinise isifiso impilo enhle. Kodwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakunabazalwane abangu eminye imicimbi - ukungavumelani kanye nemizwelo ukuthi saint wabona phakathi iziphathimandla, futhi ngisho phakathi isiqondiso sakhe esingokomoya. Lokhu samenta ubuphishekele ukuzila esigodlweni sezindela futhi izingubo iqhawe kaKristu ume zivalelwe iSonto Lobu-Orthodox.

Nezinkinga

Ngemva kwesikhashana Feodosiy Chernigovsky wasebenza Archdeacon ekhatsi Kiev St Sophia Cathedral futhi owayeyinxusa ekhaya Metropolitan. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Kiev and Little Russia wahlupheka kusukela ezinkingeni njalo kwenziwe abaphikisi Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, ongathandanga ukuxhuma Little eRussia eMoscow. Ngeshwa, kulezi Smoot wathatha ingxenye esebenzayo, ngisho naphakathi kwabefundisi ephakeme. Ngaleso sikhathi, yena eyeke kuya Rzeczpospolita ngisho Metropolitan of Kievskiy Dionisy (Balaban), ngakho-ke esehlukanisa archdiocese (1658). Bese kuthi-ke umnakekeli yesikhashana zensimu Kiev Metropolia kulawulwa eMoscow, kwaba Chernihiv-Archbishop uLazaru.

Ukuxabana kanye Metropolitan entsha

St uTheodosius base bekhonze e-besifunda-bhishobhi uLazaru ieromonahom Krupitsky Baturyn sezindela ngokwethembeka. I sobala nakakhulu yiqiniso lokuthi impilo engcwele waba ngaphansi kokuqondisa Preosvyaschennogo Lazarya. Wabumba izinkolelo zakhe, futhi wenqaba ukuya ngemva Kiev Metropolitan noDiyonisiyu, ukuze abe yisitha okholweni Orthodox kanye nabantu balo. Saint njalo ugcina uthisha wakhe uLazaru, ngoba uyaqiniseka ukuthi Little Russia uyohluma kuphela ngaphansi kwesivikelo Russian Tsar.

Ngo-1662,, ngokuvumelana zemihla ngemihla Chernigov, St UTheodosius kwaba elisezingeni wesigodlo we Isigodlo Korsun. Ngo 1663, kufa Metropolitan Dionysios, Metropolitan of Kiev ne nabefundisi-Polish e-Ukraine umiselwa Bishop Joseph (Nelyubovich). ukhetho yakhe engase yenzeke kulowo mcimbi kule Korsun Monastery.

the wesigodlo ka wezindela

New Metropolitan imisebenzi kokuqala owaqala ngokuvukela Ukuvikelwa zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni eLithuania. Nokho, nemibono yakhe yezombusazwe musa kuhambisane izinkolelo uLazaru. Ngenxa yalokho, uhulumeni eMoscow akazange nifuna ukukwamukela Metropolitan. St uTheodosius wayesaba inhlokomo, kungani ungaphethi ngokuthi kwemvume yabo ukuze bahlanganyele isenzo lokhetho. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ngo 1664, wamiswa njengelungu wesigodlo we Vydubychi Monastery.

Wayeshiseka kakhulu kudivayisi umnakekeli sezindela ongcwele, okuyinto eye yaba ngokuphindaphindiwe ezandleni Uniates. St uTheodosius Monastery ephethwe ngomoya yenkolelo esiqinile ngentshiseko nangokuzimisela okukhulu, ngakho got Hetman enqoleni (idokhumenti noma charter), owawuthi sezindela wathola emafeni amakhulu. Leli qiniso liye ehlome kuye ngokumelene izindela elingumakhelwane Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Archimandrite Innocent (Giselle), kokuba eyakhelwe icala layo ngoba ukuhlambalaza ngokungafanele Pechersk sezindela ababusi, aqala ukukhonona kwako Metropolitan Lazaryu Chernigovskomu.

Saint akuyona ngaphandle usizi, kodwa ngokuthobeka ukubekezelela vivinyo, ethunyelwe azoyithola kuNkulunkulu. Kodwa, njengenjwayelo, bathi, konke kwenziwa - zonke kangcono. ULazaru, ngoba akubheka njengesono esingathí izinga okusezingeni yomphefumulo wakhe ebusisekile, emoyeni lesiprofetho ubhala kuye ngesifiso sakhe ukuba igama lakhe laqanjwa alotshiwe ezulwini.

handyman Mikhulu umambuli

Ukumethemba nothando enkosini zokuxhumana. UTheodosius ngokushesha wafaka ebekwa njengombusi lezindaba nezokuphatha Kyïv Metropolis. It ophatha izabelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukholelwa ukuthi oyokhipha nabo nodumo umusa UkuKholwa Orthodox.

Igama lakhe eyaduma ezikude eMoscow, Feodosiy Chernigovsky, kanye Abbot uJerome Pereyaslavl lucky sicelosikhalo kusukela hetman nabefundisi Ruthenian lokuqoka Kiev Metropolitan Bishop uGideyoni-Svyatopolk. Leli cala akuphumelelanga. St uTheodosius, ukwenza ikhomishana ke wakhe, phakathi icala futhi ungakhohlwa umlamuleli esigodlweni sakhe.

Izinguquko and Testing

Ngo 1687, lapho eziletha kuNkulunkulu Archimandrite Eletskii Ioanniky (Golyatovsky), imfundo uMbhishobhi uLazaru esikhundleni sakhe uyasukuma, emva kweminyaka yokubusa Vudubickiy, St 24 UTheodosius. Emgcobela okuthunyelwe, kusho u-Archbishop Lazar kwenza kube yakhe ngesandla sakhe sokunene, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uba yilungu zonke izenzakalo ezivelele zangaleso sikhathi. Kusukela ngesikhathi esifanayo zaba zimbi kakhulu ubudlelwano phakathi abamele Kiev, Omkhulu amasonto Russian naseNingizimu Russian. abefundisi eMoscow ubukeka ne izinsolo okukhulu phezu Kiev Russia nase South ngenxa yokunamathela kwayo ebuKatolikeni futhi zonke baqede.

Ngemva ngokujoyina ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII Ukraine eMoscow zazisuka Kiev kuwo zingene abomdabu of imisebenzi ehlukene enkolo futhi yombango, okuyinto wabheka ngempela abanamusa, njengoba kakhulu yabo ovelele Polish Umdwebo amasiko nemicikilisho. Ezinye ababhishobhi ngisho kwadingeka entshonalanga izikole imfundo ongumJesuit, ayengamakhulu ngisho umbono alikho isiqondiso somoya Orthodox.

UTheodosius - uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Chernigov

Ngo 1690, Metropolitan of Kiev uGideyoni uyafa, futhi St UTheodosius ukubeka phambili esikhundleni sakhe. Nokho, lokhu okuthunyelwe ephakeme ithola Caves Archimandrite Barlaam (Jasinski), lapho eneminyaka emibili uTheodosius wakhonza njengephayona Umphathi Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Ngokudoba zokuxhumana kaNkulunkulu. UTheodosius yayilungiselela omunye esiphakeme Chernigov. Lapha waqala kukhanye izimfanelo wakhe ongcwele, futhi hhayi kuphela empilweni, kodwa ngemva kokufa njengenceku sikaNkulunkulu esikhethiwe.

Ngo 1692 Preosvyaschennyy Lazar ukhethe umhlangano ezihilela abefundisi Ruthenia hetman I. S. Mazepa kanye nalabo abamele abantu, futhi Chernihiv esihlalweni esimisiwe Archimandrite uTheodosius. Ngo-July walowo nyaka, Feodosiy Chernigovsky ifika eMoscow, lapho sovereigns noJohane futhi uPetre Alekseeviche Wagcotshwa esimweni zemikhosi Assumption Cathedral isikhundla sokuba umbhishobhi omkhulu. I Tsar wakwenza akancikile kusuka Kiev kodwa kusukela eMoscow Sabefundisi, futhi njengoba i-ovelele phakathi iziKhulu we-Russian, lo saint entsha ngeke alufanelekele sokuyokhonza e-sakkos.

Endless izindaba wokwelusa lezinhlupheko

Wabuyela Chernigov, waqala ukuphatha izindaba besifunda-bhishobhi futhi namanje kubhekwa umsizi uMbhishobhi Lazar, owayesevele endala kakhulu futhi egodini.

Ibandla eside sijabula sobukhosi oluzayo we saint Nkulunkulu ababili abashisekayo. Septhemba 3, indoda 1693 eneminyaka engu-73 ubudala, ULazaru ufile. St uTheodosius wayemthanda ubaba, ngakho lusizi ngempela. Chin yokungcwaba uTheodosius azenza. Russian Tsar futhi Bishop of St uTheodosius ahlonishwe kanye nezitifiketi wamthembisa isihe sakhe. Ngemva kokufa uMbhishobhi Lazar St uTheodosius uthola izethulo incwadi ekuphathweni ozimele we Chernigov besifunda-bhishobhi.

Feodosiy Chernigovsky ebandleni akhe amlethela ukunakekela okukhethekile ukuzishaya umKristu weqiniso anakekela cloisters abadala nabasha namasonto. Ngo 1694, sibonga kuye zazisekelwe Pechenitskaya Lyubetsky sezindela kanye Hermitage, ngawo lowo nyaka futhi wasibusisa Church of the kukaJesu iNcasakazi eCwebileyo e Domnitskom sezindela lakhiwa. Ngo 1695, yena waba ngayingcwelisa zintathu Cathedral, okuyinto eyaba lombhishobhi besifunda-bhishobhi Chernigov.

ukuchuma

Phakathi nokubusa kwakhe, Chernigov bhishobhi wanda, futhi ke laligujwa nokuqinisa monasticism. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa nobupristi wakhe ongcwele, wayengumuntu ngikhetha ngokweqile kakhulu lapho ukhetha abantu ezikhundleni sabapristi nabo. St uTheodosius futhi wabasiza kakhulu ezikoleni elingokomoya, okuyilona abamenyiwe izazi nezindela kusuka Kiev. Phakathi kwazo kwakukhona Metropolitan Tobolskiy ioann Maksimovich, ngokushesha waba umsizi eyamlandela esikhundleni St uTheodosius, nguye anakekela kudivayisi Theological Schools.

St Feodosiy Chernigovsky wazizwa kusondela ukufa kwakhe, ngakho kwathiwa nguyena ekulungiseleleni esikhundleni. Babe waba umbusi Bryansk futhi Svensk sezindela indela John (Maximovich), Wambeka umbusi Chernigov Eletski sezindela.

Ngelinye ilanga ngo-1694, i-Catholic Dominic Polubensky waphendukela kuye nge isicelo, okuyinto bafisa ukuya yisakhamuzi zamakhosi akwa-Moscow, ukuze bakwazi ujike ukholo Orthodox okhokho bakhe. Saint akuwenzanga isicelo ngaphandle bangasabela, futhi ngokushesha waba izifundo Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia.

A ukufa obunokuthula

1696 kwaba wokugcina ngaye, ongcwele Feodosiy Chernigovsky wafa ngokuthula mhlaka-5 Febhuwari. Wembelwa Chernigov Boris futhi Gleb Cathedral, in the Crypt, ngokukhethekile kuye.

Okuhle futhi engenzeleli umalusi lapho ukuphila kwakhe akazange ashiye izimvu zakhe, futhi ngemva kokufa njengomhlatshelo waba ongumvikeli yayo saint. Futhi manje kuletha phansi umusa kaNkulunkulu kubo bonke labo ngokukholwa umnxusa. Isidumbu sakhe wahlala incorrupt, okuyinto Wawugujelwani nokunxusa kwakhe.

стал первым святым, прославленным во времена правления царя Николая II. Septhemba 9, 1896, St Feodosiy Chernigovsky kwaba saint lokuqala, kugujwa phakathi nokubusa Tsar uNicholas II. nokunxusa esingathi sína Metropolitan Kievskiy Ioanniky (Ore), naye ababhishobhi eziyisithupha, ezinye abefundisi abaningi kanye abantu ababengena eJerusalema bevela ezweni lonke ngo Chernigov. Lena ukugubha emangalisayo kwaphawulwa izimangaliso omusha manje ngobuningi ejabulisa Orthodox kholwa ongcwele Feodosiy Chernigovsky. I izinsalela ongumvikeli ezweni Chernigov manje wangcwatshwa Holy Trinity Cathedral.

izithonjana

Ngaphambi inguquko kwakuqoshwe lambalwa labhalwe izithombe yisakhiwo sodumo nge ebusweni njengomuntu olungile. Kakade ngo-90s imifanekiso Feodosiya Chernigovskogo baba rarity lifanele ukuthenga, befika ekhaya umhlobiso amaqoqo Antique. By the way, ngesikhathi esifanayo kuleli Kyïv-Pechersk Lavra elahlekile nezimpawu ezimbalwa ne ubuso usanta.

Yokudumisa saint lakhiwa Kiev Temple Feodosiya Chernigovskogo, kungashiwo wavakashela eChernobyl 2. - the ongumvikeli nomvikeli Bendawo yengozi eChernobyl.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Itempeli Feodosiya Chernigovskogo futhi Kiev Kiyanovskom Lane 6/10, kanye kule laseDnepropetrovsk esifundeni, edolobhaneni Oleksandrivka.

Prelate ukuthula letihloniphekile, ubulungisa nentethelelo, wathatha khona ububele obujulile labo ababeza kuye ukuze bathole usizo, futhi wasiza hhayi kuphela Orthodox, kodwa futhi abameleli bezinye izinkolo.

Indaba nokuvinjelwa Leningrad

Echaza ukuphila kwalesi saint, kufanele kuphawulwe, futhi isenzakalo esisodwa ngaphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ezihlobene kuhlanganise nokuvinjelwa Leningrad. Ngo-1942, egunjini elingaphansi yindlunkulu abavikeli lidlule umhlangano, okuyinto kubhekwane imibuzo ejulile ngezindaba ukufohla okuhlaselayo. Futhi konke kusenjalo Bezwa izwi ongaziwa: "Thandazani uTheodosius of Chernigov, ozokusiza!" Wonke umuntu eba yiqhwa, kodwa akekho kubo abazange bazi igama. Abantu baphendukela ngowokuqala abaphathi bayo abaphezulu, bese kuya Metropolitan Alexis (Simanska) (inzalamizi esizayo), futhi lapho ebatshela Saint uTheodosius njengoba incwadi yomthandazo futhi welungelo umhlaba wethu ongcwele, futhi kwadingeka ngithandazele insindiso edolobheni. Futhi kudingeka ngokuphuthumayo ukubuyela izinsalela wakhe ongcwele, okwakusendlini iKazan Cathedral Petersburg, khona-ke kwaba Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism.

Futhi Stalin wanika ukuze lokhu, amandla wabe esebuyela kwi-St Nicholas Cathedral of the Epiphany. Futhi kwenzeka isimangaliso, lo saint kwasiza ngoba ngempumelelo ke isidlulile Tikhvin operation elinqobile. kwavuleka ithuba, yona eyaqala ukwenza i ukufika emzini ovinjezelwe ukudla, izinhlamvu kanye nezikhali. I Ladoga umzila amakholwa ngokuthi "umgwaqo St. uTheodosius."

Feodosiy Chernigovsky: ngokuthandazela

Kukholakala ukuthi lo saint kusiza ukuphulukisa zomdlavuza. Nomthandazo uTheodosius of Chernigov onokholo lweqiniso sizophola kusuka ezihlukahlukene zezifo, ukunyundela izinkinga ezihlobene umndeni inhlalakahle kanye nezingane.

Ngo-1946, lapho Metropolitan Alexei (Simansky) eba inzalamizi, ebizelwa eMoscow NGUBORIS Chernigov umbhishobhi wayala ukulungiselela yonke imininingwane ebalulekile ukuze ulethe izinsalela uTheodosius esuka kude impela eLeningrad ukuze Chernigov. Lo mcimbi senzeka ngo-September 15, 1946. Lo mgubho lonke, abaningi bakhumbula, wahlangana amandla ngumuntu ongcwele futhi ongokomoya ka Lavrentiy Chernigovsky. Lolu suku wakhonza ezintathu ezinkonzweni.

Futhi manje musa ukushiya izinsalela St Chernigov Cathedral Holy Trinity Cathedral, eyakhelwe ngezithukuthuku Mazepa ngayingcwelisa uSt UTheodosius e 1695, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla. Kukhona futhi izinsalela igcinwe of St. Lawrence ka Chernihiv isimangaliso isisebenzi, St Filaret (Gumilevsky) futhi ezinye Kiev-Pechersk abangcwele.