Pension amaphuzu - Iyini? Njengoba impesheni amaphuzu enqwabelene?

Eminyakeni yamuva, izinguquko yempesheni uye washintsha eziningi ukuze uvumelane futhi ulahleke izinombolo. Ubani futhi kungakanani kuyadingeka? Labo waqale wabuza umbuzo, masinyane bazithole eyodwa ezithakazelisayo kakhulu definition: amaphuzu impesheni. Kuyini futhi ingabe isamba ezihlongozwayo kanjani kithi nguhulumende isikhathi somhlalaphansi zabo? Ngalolu futhi asigcini nje ngokuthola ukukhuluma namuhla.

Kuyini PKI nokuthi ukubala impesheni?

Nge ukwamukelwa zoMthetho Federal "Ngo Umshwalense Izimpesheni 'zenzeke ekuphileni kwethu Ufake inqubo entsha yokuthola imali" isikhathi sokuguga. " Manje inani banknotes wathola nguwe at ebudaleni obuthile kuphela, kuzoncika hhayi izinto eziningi kangaka lapha iminyaka imfucuza, esiningi into ezifana amaphuzu umhlalaphansi. Kuyini lokhu?

Zonke zathola okuhlangenwe nakho ngumuntu ngesikhathi ukuqala X amahora, ibe amaphuzu. iqoqo yabo ibizwa ngokuthi umuntu impesheni Coefficient, esifushanisiwe njengoba IPC. Ngakho, impesheni has okulandelayo:

P = F + H + B * Sat

• P - nempesheni;
• F - inani elimisiwe, setha ngonyaka nguhulumende ngokugcweleyo;
• N - uxhaso ingxenye yempesheni labo babe kwakhiwa it is;
• B - Isibalo amaphuzu nempesheni;
• izindleko nempesheni 1 isikolo ngo nyaka - Sat.

Lapho sekuyisikhathi sokuba umhlalaphansi

Ukuze uqalise yokubhalisa impesheni, ofake isicelo kumele bahlangabezane mibandela elandelayo:

• abafinyelela eminyakeni yobudala engu umhlalaphansi oluyonqunywa State;
• ube ubukhulu okungaphezulu kophawu noma elilingana nenani elincane;
• amaphuzu inombolo okungenani amaphuzu impesheni.

Uma okungenani eyodwa izimo akuyona wanelisa, isakhamuzi has ezimbili okufanele akhethe kuzo:

• bayaqhubeka basebenze nje zonke izimo zifeziwe;
• isicelo kwi-PF ngenxa accrual ka impesheni zomphakathi ku kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu edingekayo (iminyaka 60/65 kwabesifazane / amadoda, ngokulandelana).

Accrual amaphuzu impesheni yenziwa ngonyaka umsebenzi ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, kunokuba abantu kamuva uzoya ingenzele impesheni, amaphuzu angaphezu ethanda ukubaphilisa. Kodwa-ke kukhona umkhawulo ubuncane. Ayikho amaphuzu - ungenayo nemali yempesheni. Kuze kube manje, ballroom okungenani elilingana 11.4, futhi 2025 lesi silinganiso uyofinyelela amaningi njengoba 30.

Ngokufanayo, ngokulingana kuzokhulisa futhi ubude obuncane yesevisi. Labo wathatha umhlalaphansi ngo-2017, ngokwanele sebenza iminyaka 7, esikhathini esizayo lesi sibalo izokwenyuka 15 e 2025 ngeke azisizi kakhulu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kule nkathi ezifakiwe, futhi lezo zikhathi:

• isimemezelo;
• inkonzo yezempi;
• nezikhathi nokukhubazeka;
• esitokisini;
• sikhatsi lesisetjentiswe exchange zabasebenzi;
• ngaphezulu.

Okungaguquki yokukhokha kanye lingakanani

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi impesheni amaphuzu enqwabelene, ake sibheke ingxenye ngayinye kule formula ngokwehlukile.

Inombolo yokuqala - P, okungukuthi, yokukhokha fixed. Kuyinto ethile esibekwe umbuso futhi akuxhomekile yimiphi imingcele umsebenzi wakho. Kusukela 2016, usayizi waso iqinile ngokuqinile futhi 4000 kuyinto ruble 559. Ngokufanayo, fixed izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali isici, okuzokwenza ngonyaka ukwandisa lesi sibalo. He is 1.04. Okungukuthi ngo-2017 fixed okuyingxenye kule formula kuhlaziywa impesheni simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

4559 * 1,04 = 4741 (penny ngenxa yokulahla lula).

Kukhona futhi izigaba eziningana, okuyizinto amazinga eqolo:

• invalids neqembu lokuqala;
• abantu, ubani "engqongqoza" ngoba kweminyaka engu-80;
• kusebenta nobe abahlala esifundeni enyakatho ekude noma akhiwa ke;
• kanye nelungu lomndeni engaphansi, ngenxa yezizathu zempilo abakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi ezizimele.

Kanjani ukubala amaphuzu?

Ngakho, amaphuzu impesheni. Kuyini, ucishe ecacile. Nakhu ukuthi ukubala inombolo yabo? Konke akulula kangako.

Isibalo yesibili ikufomula wethu limi H, noma accumulative ingxenye yempesheni. Kwenzeka kuphi?

Kuze kube manje izakhamuzi Russia bamenywa ukwakha isikhathi sakhe sokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Kuphela ukuthola umshwalense impesheni kanye uthumele yayo kumiswa 16% yomholo.
2. Izigaba ezimbili umhlalaphansi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ama-10% wemali is adluliselwe ku-umshwalense ingxenye, futhi-6% zanqwabelana ku-akhawunti akhethekile lemali isamba ezuziwe. Lena N. yethu

Ngaphambi 2015, izakhamuzi Russian bavunyelwa ukuba ukhethe onjani umhlalaphansi bazokwazi:

• umshwalense kuphela;
• + Uxhaso umshwalense.

Kusukela izinyanga yokuqala 2015 amaphuzu ngabanye ingabalwa by ifomula elandelayo:

B = (St / cm) 10 *

• Sv - iminikelo lokuphekiwe yomshuwalense ingxenye impesheni oyizuzayo (yonyaka). Inani layo incike inkokhelo futhi ngalokho ncamashi umuntu amkhethile impesheni.
• Bheka - esiphezulu lemali kungenzeka yokukhokha umshwalense ezigcwele (16%) isilinganiso, agcinwayo ne ngobukhulu vznosooblagaemoy iholo (isizinda).

Ngokwesibonelo ukubala

Masizame ngokuzimela ukubala amaphuzu impesheni. Lokho-ke akunzima kangako, kungabonwa ku isibonelo esilandelayo:

K. umsebenzi iholo - ruble ayizigidi 35 ngenyanga .. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngonyaka ihola imali ayizinkulungwane 420. Ruble.

Umholo esiphezulu kuhlaziywa iminikelo yesikhwama sempesheni e 2017 ilingana ayizinkulungwane 876 ruble Russian. Iminikelo evela lokhu kwegciwane kuyinto:

876 000 * 16% = 140 160 ruble. Lena See yethu.

inketho 1

Citizen K. ukhethe ukuthola umshwalense impesheni kuphela. Kulokhu, isamba iminikelo yonyaka ukuze yesikhwama sempesheni kuyoba:

St = 420 000 * 16% = 67 200 ruble.

Manje ukubala amaphuzu impesheni ngoba 2017:

B = (67 200/140 160) * 10 = 4.79

inketho 2

Zakhamizi K. wakhetha imodeli okuxubile kwezimpesheni, futhi kanjalo umshwalense kanye uxhaso ingxenye. Kulokhu:

St = 420 000 * 10% = ruble 42 000.

B = (42.000 / 140.160) * 10 = 2.997

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kukhona isibalo esikhulu sezinto amayunithi isikolo ukuthi umhlalaphansi esizayo ongabashayela nganoma imuphi unyaka. Esikhathini okufana izibalo kuqala 2017 balinganiselwa ku 8.26, ngenkathi inguqulo yesibili - 5,16. Lezi zibalo ngokulingana ushintsho njalo ngonyaka futhi 2021 kuyoba 10 futhi 6,25 ngokulandelana. Ngisho noma ukubala uzothola inomboro ekulu, uzobe kuphela ucatshangelwe izinkomba ezinjalo.

Kanjani ukubala "namaSoviet" nakho?

Futhi kuthiwani ngalabo abanale ezinye izinxenye ukuphila kwakhe wayesebenza e-USSR? Kanjani ukubala amaphuzu yempesheni isipiliyoni yokubusa kweSoviet? Konke eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. UHulumeni uhlongoza ukuguqula wonke amalungelo impesheni labawatfolile esifundvweni nobe eminyakeni eyedlule.

Nansi indlela:

1. Zonke impesheni wathola ngaphambi 2002, lahunyushelwa okulingana zezimali. Uma lokhu ukubala wenziwa khona ngaphansi kohlelo ubudala, ikhumbula obuphelele yesevisi iholo iyiphi iminyaka 5 elandelanayo.
2. Lesi sibalo iphindwe (ngokobungako) ngo-10%. Labo wasebenza kuze 1991 ngayinye kunyaka ogcwele yesevisi wanezela nesinye 1%.
3. Zonke iminikelo zikhokhelwe Pension Fund esikhathini 2002-2014 GG. kukhona wanezela, bese siphindwe sibalo indexation. Ngenxa yalokho, sithola lo okuthiwa dolobha impesheni.
4. Manje leli nani ihlukaniswe ngenani 228 futhi intengo 1 iphuzu, owasungulwa ngo-2015. Ngu ngalolo suku, omunye iyunithi amaphuzu impesheni "ayelingana" ruble 64 no-10 kopecks.

Njengoba ubona ukuthi wena ukubala amaphuzu yempesheni isipiliyoni yazuza nenkathi yamaSoviet, kunzima. Kodwa ukuze uthole okungenani sibalo eseduze oqiniseka namaqiniso.

Surcharges ngamaphuzu

Ekuphileni wonke umuntu baningana nesizathu esihle engasebenzi. Futhi wamanje umthetho impesheni ithatha lokhu ku-akhawunti. amaphuzu engeziwe impesheni enqwabelene izakhamuzi ze-non-ukusebenza ezimweni ezinjalo:

• uyeke umsebenzi ngokuqondene ukunakekelwa ekhubazekile iqembu mina - 1.8;
• ngamunye ngonyaka odlulayo senkonzo yezempi (kwi-call) - 1.8;
• izinsuku ezingu-365 lokunakekela ingane ekhubazekile - 1.8
• ngonyaka egcwele ukunakekela asebekhulile (iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-80 ubudala) - 1.8;
• ezingu-365 ngokunakekela le ngane yokuqala - 1.8;
• ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze anakekele ingane yesibili - 3.6;
• ngoba abantwana wesithathu futhi okwalandela - 5.4.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amaphuzu impesheni ungeze ku ukunakekela izingane, kubalwa ngesisekelo salokho iholidi kuyinto iminyaka eyikhulu nengxenye. Ngokwesibonelo, umama ekukhuliseni izingane zakhe ezine, ngeke ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi umhlalaphansi:

1,8h1,5 3,6h1,5 + + + 5,4h1,5 5,4h1,5 = 24.3 amaphuzu.

Ukuze ufaneleke ukuthola ukubhaliswa impesheni ke uzoqedela impela kancane. Ngokuthakazelisayo, umama, ukuveza ezimithi amaphahla noma, uzothola amaphuzu ezengeziwe kokubili ingane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kulesi simo akusho acabangele isibalo sezingane, futhi isikhathi ukuthi umama akazange asebenze ngenxa ukubanakekela.

By endleleni, uma ngesikhathi iholide izingane abantu ukubamba amatoho, ungakwazi ukukhetha ukuthi yiziphi amaphuzu angasetshenziswa "kunciphise": umsebenzi, noma ingane.

Uyini zamanje impesheni isikolo?

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngo-2015 i-yemali "Inani" impesheni 1 amaphuzu eqondiswa ezingeni ruble 64,10. Kodwa kamuva ngenyanga, lesi sibalo lukhonjwe futhi zaba 71,41 ruble Russian. Minyaka yonke Februwari 1, lesi sibalo okwengeziwe ngokobungako Coefficient ekhethekile elilingana 1.04. Kulula ukubala ukuthi 2017 ukubaluleka iphuzu elilodwa uyalingana ukonga impesheni:

74,3 * 1,04 = 77,3 ruble.
Manje unazo zonke idatha ukubala impesheni kulindeleke. Kodwa uma ungafuni ukubambana zonke lezi izibalo, ukuze azi ukuthi kukhona enye indlela lula kakhulu ukuthi ukubala amaphuzu impesheni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hamba ku-website ye-Pension Fund yeRussia, kuze kube "Akhawunti yomuntu" bese Ukusebenzisa umshini wokubala impesheni. Faka yonke imininingwane edingekayo, uyoba emizuzwaneni embalwa kunalokho uthole inani eliqondile umhlalaphansi lehlosiwe.