Paralinguistics - kuba ... Yini efunda ngesayensi?

Lesi sihloko kuzovumela umfundi ukucacisa okushiwo inkulumo ethi "paralinguistics" ukuhlwaya incazelo yalo ngokuningiliziwe ekuphileni kwebantfu, ukuhlola izici nemisebenzi lokhu isayensi futhi ukujwayelana umlando omfushane.

Kuyini paralinguistics?

Paralinguistics - isayensi etadisha izindlela yokudlulisela ulwazi non-ngamazwi.

Ngo iyiphi ingxoxo, umuntu isebenzisa kokubili izindlela ngamazwi non-ngamazwi kanye yokudlulisela ulwazi interlocutor. Paralinguistics - kuba ingxenye ehlukile isayensi wesayensi yezilimi. Yiqiniso, izindlela yokudlulisela idatha ephathelene paralinguistic, akuzona ingxenye amayunithi yokukhuluma futhi uhlelo ulimi. Nokho, le ndlela yokuxhumana kubaluleke kakhulu.

izimali Paralinguistic waqala ukuba zihlolwe akunjalo kudala, okuyilezi, namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Wona kanye umqondo welithi yethulwa 40s. Ngezenzo lokhu isayensi eyaqala ukuvela ekuqaleni kwawo-60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Ukuxhumana nabanye sciences kanye ne-value

Kunoma ikuphi kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lo isayensi kuyingxenye ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi ukulufunda lolu limi. Paralinguistics futhi ekstralingvistika ekuxhumaneni inkulumo ezinye izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ukufunda ulimi izimali ezihlose ukudluliswa kolwazi. By the way, paralinguistics, kanye ethnolinguistics futhi sociolinguistics, iyingxenye ye-isayensi emikhulu, okungukuthi, ekstralingvistiki.

Paralinguistics ekstralingvistika futhi ufunde izici ulimi kuhlobane ngokuqondile ukusebenza ngabanye endaweni yomphakathi, ukudluliswa kolwazi ngezindlela lokuthi uyawasebenzisa. Lokhu isayensi uyazinaka ngokuthi izingxenye Ethno-ngokolimi nezinye esiyingqayizivele yokukhuluma ezihambisana nesikhulumi.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Paralinguistics njengenkulumo yesimiso ngolimi, yonke imilayezo ezifana zokuxhumana ngezwi angabhekwa kuphela ngokuhlangana ne izindlela paralinguistic. Hlobo luni sokunquma kanye nezici kwale sayensi? Yini ukubheka ososayensi? Ohlobene izindlela paralinguistics?

Izinhlobo nemisebenzi izindlela paralinguistic kolwazi yokudlulisela

Paralinguistics - kuyinto isayensi, okuyinto eveza umahluko phakathi esifundweni sakhe izinhlobo eziningana zokuxhumana nabezindaba.

Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• Phonational kusho - sekuyahwalala konke ohlobene isithombe yokukhuluma, ezifana iphimbo Tempo uziqaphele lapho uphimisela amagama, inkulumo Ihubo, ivolumu amathoni isikhulumi, sibonisa ukuhambisana umsindo uhlobo kwezenhlalo noma ulimi lwesigodi, futhi kanjani ugcwalise zikhawu imisho lapho ukhuluma.
• Kinetic - lezi zihlanganisa ikakhulukazi isikhundla komzimba isikhulumi emkhathini, ukuhamba kwayo, ukuma, okuyinto lihambisana interlocutor, kunyakata kwemtimba kanye isimo sobuso ngesikhathi kuxoxwa.
• Iqembu ingcaca kusho - lapha ubheke ikakhulukazi isipelingi, ngesandla ezahlukeneyo womuntu anezele ukwaziswa semantic izimpawu ingcaca, esikhundleni ngezinhlamvu.

Paralinguistics - isayensi ukuthi study hhayi kuphela izindlela non-ngamazwi yokuxhumana. Abacwaningi acabangele indima ingxenye ngayinye yokukhulumisana.

• Ngezinye izikhathi indlela ubonisa kanjani ukuthi uyangeneka zisetshenziselwa esikhundleni izakhi ubunjalo ingxoxo ngokukhuluma (isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa ukuthinta noma baphika kwakona imvume kungenzeka).
• Phakathi bezoziphatha ngokuvamile inhlanganisela yakho kokubili izindlela ngamazwi yokudlulisela non-ngamazwi umuzwa jikelele (isibonelo, uma izinkulumo umuntu ngento ethize, ke ungase umbonise lento).
• Imininingwane kwalokho ngocansi okwenza tinkhomba non-ngamazwi (komzimba, abantu ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa umqondo wamagama, bakhombise kunganeliseki ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo ukuze isihloko ingxoxo).

isiphetho

Finyeta, singasho ukuthi paralinguistics - kuwuhlobo olukhethekile Ngokutadisha izindlela non-ngamazwi futhi ngomlomo nokwaziswa transmission, esebenzisa inkulumo wonke umuntu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu mdala, ubulili noma ubuzwe.

Lokhu isayensi igxile izingxenye Ethno-kwezilimi jikelele ulimi, kodwa futhi sithinta idiolect (isiqalo nesigcino izici ngamunye yokuxhumana). Ucwaningo ekuxhumaneni buthule ikuvumela ukuba ufunde okwengeziwe ngomuntu ukunquma wakhe ubuzwe, yobudala, ubuntu, uhlamvu eziningi namanye amaqiniso abalulekile.