Painter Kurbe Gyustav: Ukuphila Umsebenzi

Kurbe Gyustav (1819-1877) - umdwebi, wanika ithalente eside, cishe self-wafundisa. Yena ngamabomu lwakhipha isitayela academic umdwebo bese baba umsunguli okwangempela, sekudlule emisebenzini kwephuze naturalism oqondile. Hlakaniphile ubunzima Gyustav Kurbe kabani isithombe (ngenhla) okuye kwenziwa zokuphila kwakhe iminyaka yokugcina, ubukeka indoda Cabangisisa ngubani akazami ukuze zibukeke kangcono kunalokhu oyikho.

ebuntwaneni

Kurbe Gyustav wazalelwa edolobhaneni (ngezindinganiso zethu edolobhaneni) elinabantu abantu abayizinkulungwane ezintathu e Ornans, eduze Switzerland. Ubaba ngiphuphe ukuthi indodana yakhe ummeli, ngakho wathumela kuye 1837 ukuzofunda Royal College emzini Besancon, elise budebuduze nasekhaya lakhe. Ngokuzikhethela kwayo okugcwele Kurbe Gyustav iqala amakilasi e yokudweba ngaphansi kokuqondisa umfundi uDavide.

Paris

Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, le nsizwa iya inhlokodolobha, ayethi uzokwenza ngazo ukuthuthukisa ulwazi emthethweni. Kodwa empeleni uhambela Louvre nezobuciko workshop, lapho kakade anquma ukukwenza lutho. Kodwa kwelinye workshop, wathi ukuma: kukhona babefundiswa ukupenda nudes.

embukisweni

Lo mbukiso lokuqala ngesikhathi Salon Kurbe Gyustav ethulwa yakhe self-portrait ne nja. Kuyinto kakade ebonakalayo wesandla ezimele namanje umculi romantic ubani ngifuna indlela yakhe. Mahhala, uyaziqhenya, ezimele insizwa kusenzo emhumeni amawa zasendle. Khukhumala ethule ngesikhathi umbukeli ebheka ngqo. Ilihlo lenzelwe mayelana segolide kwesigaba umugqa, ukuze umbukeli ayikwazanga likhiphe ngokwami kuwo. Le nqubo iye ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi wangaphumelela waboleka ngabaculi Leonardo. Nalapha futhi, alukwazi ngempela ukuhlela. Kodwa landscape nice and quiet spaniel kabi futhi segolide brown umbala zemikhosi futhi kancane ebonakalayo ekujuleni isithombe. Okunye imisebenzi umculi salon ayizange yamukelwe.

Ubuciko kanye nezombusazwe

Paris bezilokhu politicized edolobheni. Konke zahlasela namathathu banesifo esibi futhi forties, kanye Revolution ka-1848 futhi umxhwele Courbet. Yena nabangane bakhe eyasungulwa Socialist Club futhi kudala uwuphawu abantu. Kodwa ngothango uGustave waya. Ngalesi sikhathi, umculi sesibe Netherlands waletha isifiso ecacile ukuphula ngokuphelele romanticism. Ukudala umqondo omusha esekelwe uchungechunge imidwebo, Gyustav Kurbe, omisebenzi yakhe zenqatshiwe nje ngaphambili, ngo-1849, embukisweni Salon 7 imidwebo. Khona-ke isithunywa savuthela ixilongo okokuqala igama elithi "okwangempela", futhi omunye wemisebenzi, "Ntambama Ornans," wawina indondo yegolide yesibili.

"Burial at Ornans" (1849)

Lokhu useyile omkhulu wokulinganisa amamitha angaphezu kwamathathu ubude kanye ukuphakama ngaphezu kwesigamu umculi Gyustav Kurbe enikelwe omunye nawomkhulu bakhe. Izibalo ku-canvas wenza usayizi cishe zemvelo. Zonke bendawo wazama ukuthola isithombe-yeqhawe. Ibonisa futhi ukucula, futhi umpristi, nemeya yedolobha, kanye nabantu abamnyama ukulila izingubo. Umbala nangezindlela zenziwa kwi abefundisi ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu-owayevunule ngezokholo. Umxhwele futhi ayophakanyiswa ngaphezu abajame kwesiphambano ngemuva. Uzungu kuyinto ngempela prosaic, kodwa ezithakazelisayo salo mdwebo ngale izithombe zabantu owadala Courbet, njengoba ephakama ngokuvamile. Ngokugxila kulokho inqubo yokungcwaba, hhayi izenzo khona ngasekupheleni noma kwesidumbu komphefumulo, umdwebi wazibonisa a umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela ephelele.

bengayiqondi e Paris, kungani aphume umngcwabo abavamile ukudala isithombe omkhulu kangaka, ngakho ngisho yenziwe ngohlobo Planar. Ngezinye Fair Wezwe ngo-1855 akuzange, kodwa amajaji ezikhethiwe imisebenzi nanye Courbet ngenxa yakhe. Kodwa musa ukuthatha isithombe embukisweni "Atelier", lapho Courbet eveza izimiso lakhe kwezobuciko. Khona-ke inani perturbation umculi ulungiselela umbukiso wakhe siqu, esakhiwa 40 emidwebweni. Yena ishicilela "The Manifesto of ngokoqobo," futhi kuye njengoba Maitre Abut bonke abashumayela okwangempela in umdwebo. Lokhu kubangela esibandakanya umphakathi.

"I sifters kakolweni" (1854)

Kuyaziwa ukuthi lokhu kwakuyinkinga ngenxa Courbet, ukubonisa ongumlimi esindayo zabasebenzi, Odade bayo ababili, futhi umngane wengane eyaziwa. Le filimu wathola umsindo onamileyo ngenxa umbala legolide ebomvu tebhu ingubo intombazane emi maphakathi ukwakheka kanye ngokushesha ayimkhangi. Ryzhenkaja cute cat uyalala eduze owesifazane ahlala grey, umkhathi aphilisayo futhi ngaphandle esiyinhloko. Akucaci ukuthi kungani ukuvala umnyango zaveza esifubeni esifubeni, okuyinto etholakala eduze umfana.

"Pergola" (1862)

Le sithombe sikhombisa omunye Courbet, futhi sikwazi ukujabulela ubuhle abesifazane, ukuqhathanise aluhlaza izimbali ekhuphuka rose phezu pergola. Kusobala phezu segolide kwesigaba umugqa sihamba esigabeni Ukwakheka, main ingxenye okuyinto izimbali ezimhlophe, olintshi abomvu. ngalé Elegant wentombazanyana emi iphrofayela ngezandla ephakanyiswe kakhulu phezulu grid. Ayevumela izinto ezinemikhono elimhlophe kanye collar white ivumelana nezinto eziningi imibala eduze nokugqoka e ithoni kuvumelana izithunzi ekhwapheni sakhe sobunxele amahlamvu ukubopha ohlangothini kwesokunxele isithombe. Lapha Courbet wazibonisa njengoba Umdwebi ezicashile.

"Umsuka Umhlaba" (1866)

Angifuni ukuba bahlale kule umsebenzi. Kuyinto ezingemnandi kakhulu umuntu nge psyche enempilo, abanakho ukuthambekela voyeurism ngoba umuntu Izikhathi esizichitha cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe. Umdwebo obonisa indlela esifubeni yowesifazane ngaphandle ubuso. Ngaphambi izilaleli eduze libonisa evulekile ngemomozi engaziwa. Nangu omunye wabacwaningi onobuhle kulinganiselwa for imidwebo "Umsuka Umhlaba" (Gyustav Kurbe), okumelelwe isithombe lapha. Lokhu injabulo isithombe kuphela Voyeur othola ukwaneliseka lapho ibukisa zangasese nezinye ocansini kwabantu futhi akukho okunye. Umuntu ophilile kungadingeki, futhi ucabangele lokhu opus akuyona efiselekayo. Usanda ufuna ukusheshe ukhohlwe izinto ezifanayo.

Phakathi nale nkathi, Courbet kudala eziningi imidwebo zocansi, phakathi okuyizinto ekhethekile uma ukhululeka usho okudingayo "Sleepers." Lokhu naturalism ukulahlwa kwendilinga njengoba indoda emgwaqweni, futhi abantu anamagama. Kodwa isalokhu umsekeli oshisekayo Proudhon, ogama portrait kwakhe ngesineke.

"Wave" (1870)

Lokhu landscape kubhekwa wobuciko ngu Courbet. Indwangu cishe athole ingxenye esibhakabhakeni nolwandle. Amafu uvalwe ivaliwe ezulwini. imibala zabo acwazimulayo kusuka lemicu empunga elinamathela othini-luhlaza ngokunsomi-pink futhi emangalisa ngobuhle bayo. amagagasi umbala nakho kufeza zonke amathoni aluhlaza, ukudala ezihlukahlukene umbala imiphumela ezijulile. Linikeza ngokuphelele amandla emvelo. Umdwebi lathunjwa nesihloko futhi wabhala uchungechunge imisebenzi, elibonisa izinhlobo ezahlukene Etretat nolwandle yayo okusheshayo ukubuyisa.

Ngo-1871, umdwebi politicized kakhulu kuthatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo izenzo Paris isigodi. Ngemva kwavukelwa bagxekwa kokugumbuqelwa Vandom ikholomu. Ngemva kwalokho Courbet esejele, futhi wagwetshwa ukukhokha inhlawulo omkhulu. Wabalekela Switzerland, lapho afela khona ngo ubumpofu ephelele.

Kubangela yokusabela okuxubile kakhulu njengoba indoda nomculi Gyustav Kurbe, omsebenzi wakhe futhi manje akabashiyi abantu ngabandayo. Lokhu kusikisela ithalente undoubted nobuntu eqinile lokhu umdwebi.