Osmosis Ukuhlanekezela - isiqinisekiso kwamanzi ahlanzekile

Abaningi banesithakazelo igama ezingaziwa lomkhuba "Osmosis reverse". It sivela igama lesiGreki elisho ingcindezi noma push. Libhekisela inqubo okuzenzakalelayo ukudluliswa mass, ngokuvamile amanzi, ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi - ulwelwesi semipermeable ohlukanisa izixazululo ezimbili kokuba okuhlushwa okukhulu. Lokhu may isibonelo kube saline namanzi okuhlanzekile.

ubuchwepheshe

Lapho ulwelwesi, ogeleza amanzi kuphela into kanzulu xaxa ukuthi amabhlogo indlela timphawu ziyoncibilika ke esikhathini esithile, ukulinganisela kwenzeka. Ingcindezi, siqondile nhlangothi zombili umgoqo, ibizwa ngokuthi osmotic. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa isetshenziswa ukusukela ngeminyaka yoma kwekhulu elidlule ekwelapheni amanzi, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni ophuza kolwandle.

Njengamanje, Osmosis reverse cishe kuyinto ubuchwepheshe eziphambili kakhulu. Kusekelwe ukusetshenziswa kwegama ofanayo ulwelwesi. Kukholakala ukuthi uyakwazi ukuhlanza amanzi engahluziwe yemvelo iyatholakala.

Umlando nesenzakalo

Osmosis obuyela emuva, njengoba ukuba ihlukane izingxenye isixazululo komunye nomunye, inomlando sasivumela eside. AmaGreki asendulo, ikakhulukazi u-Aristotle kwaphawuleka ukuthi ngesikhathi ukudlula amanzi olwandle ngokusebenzisa izindonga isitsha wax desalted.

Ukutadisha ulwelwesi izinqubo kabanzi kuphela waqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalombili, lapho Reaumur ngezinhloso yesayensi yasetshenziswa zemvelo ulwelwesi semipermeable. Nokho, kuze kube eko of leminyaka elidlule, lezi zinqubo musa ukunweba ngalé ukuhlolwa laboratory.

Ngo-1927, le nkampani "Sartorius" amasampula German kwezindlela izithiyo lulwimi permeable abangu yokuqala eyatholakala. ukuthuthukiswa Technology kwaba umfutho kulokho lisetshenziswa reverse Osmosis amafilithi ezimbonini kanye ekhaya.

Ngemva kwempi, amaMelika, amaJalimane, esekelwe ngentuthuko, waqala ukuveza ulwelwesi cellulosic. Kwaba kuphela sixties ngasekupheleni, lapho liqala ukusakaza ukukhiqizwa zokwenziwa izinto, waqala ukuqhuba ucwaningo lokuqala nokuthuthuka, elaba isisekelo kwezicelo zezimboni Osmosis.

Manje emhlabeni esungulwe izinhlelo ezinjalo zinikezwa ukuvumela amanzi okuphuza ne degree esiphezulu nokuhlanzwa. Ukwakheka kwalo etholwe eMhlanganweni ekhishwa uhlelo "Osmosis reverse" kubhekwa imvelo. Ngokusho izici zayo, useduze zeqhwa zasendulo amanzi kwancibilika.

isicelo

Izihlungi amanzi - ukuhlanekezela Osmosis - ixhunywe amapayipi amanzi, kusukela lapho iza senzelwe wokuhlanza amanzi, lapho ephuma ukungcola akhethiwe endaweni yokuchitha indle. Inqubo yakhiwa pretreatment umsebenzi nokwelula ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi. Ngemva kwalokho, ukugeleza, kokuthola kuqala idrayivu, okuyinto uya emanzini aziphothula, usuvele yokuhlanza yokugcina, bese - kampompi.

Ukuhlanekezela Osmosis Hlunga manje iningi cost-effective, isebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi futhi enokwethenjelwa indlela. It ikuvumela ukunciphisa lokuhlushwa oncibilikile colloidal izingxenye ziyoncibilika cishe sasiyikhulu namashumi amaphesenti, ekuqedeni uketshezi amagciwane nezinto ezincane eziphilayo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu lonke le nqubo kuyinto pre-ukwelashwa. Kulesi simiso ulwelwesi (Osmosis reverse) - element eqolo nezilandiso. Isikhathi ukusebenza kwawo kuxhomeke, okokuqala, izinga amanzi angenayo. Kulesi sigaba lisebenzisa izihlungi amathathu chungechunge, ogama msebenzi ukulungiselela uketshezi ukuba adabule ulwelwesi.