Ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo. Izindlela ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza

ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo ziyingxenye ebalulekile ye nokuthuma izakhiwo zesimanje. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kokubili ngokoMthetho amakamelo yokuhlala kanye Umbuso amafulethi nezindlu zangasese kanye nezitolo ezimbonini. Ukuhlolwa abazenzi emva ukwakhiwa seliqediwe, futhi wabutha wonke uhlelo yezokuphepha isakhiwo. Ukupholisa izinhlelo sebuqala futhi ezihlukahlukene, izimfuneko anda lokwenza igezi yanele, kubaluleke kangaka ukuba ngokunembile futhi esinembile ukulungiswa of ukupholisa izinhlelo.

izinhlobo ukupholisa

Ezakhiweni futhi ezakhiwe asetshenziswa ezintathu izinhlobo ukupholisa. Indlela elula, okungenani ngaphandle nibonakala ukupholisa zemvelo. Air engena isikhala futhi wasuswa therefrom ngefasitela umnyango kuvuleka, ukupholisa mapayipi.

ukupholisa Mechanical - uhlelo ehlanganisa ukunikezela qeda izinhlelo ezinikeza bephoqeleka air kwegazi egumbini.

Kukhona ukwahlukahlukana ukupholisa ngenkani uma enikeziwe noma ukungena komoya kuphela (air-jet uhlelo) noma akhiphe. ukupholisa izinhlelo ukususa qeda air ezakhiweni. Ngo Ukwakheka yabo, ngokuvamile ahlanganisa Amapayipi, akha inethiwekhi ukupholisa Amapayipi, qeda abalandeli nokushaya komoya grilles.

Ngu ukupholisa amapayipi kanye nemigwaqo kungenzeka emoyeni osuke usushisa kakade enikeziwe kusuka ngaphandle. Lona elihlangene kungene umoya bafudumale izinhlelo.

izinhlobo ezimbili eyinhloko ukupholisa izinhlelo ingahlanganiswa e embodiments ahlukahlukene, kuncike emigomweni, ukwakha uhlobo lwesithathu - ukupholisa inhlanganisela.

Hlobo luni ukupholisa kufanelekile igumbi elithile, likalwa ezingeni esigabeni design, ngesisekelo yezakhi lobuchwepheshe kanye nezomnotho, esekelwe ukugcinwa kwezinkambiso sanitary imithetho.

Uhlelo ukupholisa amakamelo ehlukene nezakhiwo sisonke libhekene izici ezine. Kuyinto umsebenzi wayo, endaweni service, indlela yokuhamba emoyeni namadizayini.

izidingo ukupholisa

Injongo eyinhloko ukupholisa - ukulondoloza umoya endlini izinkomba ezithile. Leli zinga msulwa futhi umswakama. Air uquqaba kufanele basakaza ngokulinganayo, futhi lokhu, futhi, kumele zibhekane ukupholisa uhlelo.

Kumele asuswe igumbi emoyeni linemikhondo carbon dioxide, uthuli, intuthu, iphunga ezingemnandi, bese ufaka kuwo - fresh, bahlanza amanyela.

Air exchange ukupholisa izinhlelo ngempela elawulwa.

Ngo izakhiwo zokuhlala, kubaluleke ngokukhethekile yilona ukupholisa efanele emakhishini, izindlu zangasese kanye zokugezela ke emakamelweni kanye kuyo.

Ngo izicelo ezimbonini le nqubo kubalulekile lapho sisebenzelana imithi enobungozi noma izimo eziyingozi. Lokhu, isibonelo, zamakhemikhali ukukhiqizwa steel. Ngo zezempilo kanye laboratories wezilwane, lapho kungase kube amazinga aphezulu namagciwane abangela izifo emoyeni, idinga yokuhlanza njalo.

Ukuze izici kanye nendlela okwakheke ngayo emoyeni nefomethi kwezinkambiso olwenziwa ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa.

ukuhlolwa nemingcele

Phakathi isheke test, okokuqala, ukubala efanele phrojekthi ukusebenza nokulandela ubufakazi. Uhlola ukugeleza komoya, uhlelo ukusebenza, umoya lokushintshisana.

ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-imishini inqubo kanye nomthelela wakhona ohlelweni ukupholisa, ukulungisa ukugeleza komoya kuwo.

Phakathi imishini yokuhlola is kushintshwe zigcwele yonke amaphuzu inkomba. Inani lamanje kuyinto okukhipha emva isilinganiso kanye Ukuqhathanisa ingcindezi okuyinto eba umlandeli, factor design.

Ukukhomba ukufakwa ukukhubazeka - izakhi alengayo eduze, amasayithi kabi bodokotela, Ukuvikelwa singenele ngokumelene vibration futhi umsindo - nalo liyinkinga ukuthi isixazululekile ngokuhlolisiswa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo.

Inhlolo-vo eyenziwa ukupholisa izinhlelo ekhona kufanele iqhutshwe ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe ukupholisa izinhlelo, kutholakale imbangela yokushona iphutha futhi kuqedwe zokugwema ukuphuka.

Imibhalo ukuhlolwa

Ukuze anqume inani umsebenzi ukuqinisekisa kohlelo ukupholisa kudingeka explication (uhlelo imininingwane endaweni) kanye nokuqokwa izakhiwo isakhiwo, okuyinto oyokwenziwa ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ukupholisa uhlelo kwendikimba, elibonisa Kuwo wonke amagatsha, ifindo, imishini kanye iletha passport noma izitifiketi sokuhambisana.

Uma eqinisekisiwe yokusebenza komoya uhlelo kubhekwa passport kuso.

isilawuli Independent ukupholisa izinhlelo

Imisebenzi eyenziwa abasebenzi laboratories ekhethekile accredited ukuqhuba novivinyo olunjalo ngezinqubo ezithile licaciswe ku GOST. ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo yenziwa eqinisekisiwe cishe zonke okuyidolobha ucishe.

Ochwepheshe kumele ayejwayele kwezinkambiso sanitary imithetho mayelana nezokuphatha, nezincomo zikamasipala ezibhekwa ngayo yokuhlala izakhiwo, ukupholisa -moya.

Iphasiphothi yase ohlelweni ukupholisa ongasigcwalisa inhlangano enza ukufakwa kwalo. Kodwa zikhona izinkampani ezimbalwa ezazivunyelwe hlola ngokwabo futhi kuqedwe zikhubazeke futhi zibe nezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphandle kwengcindezi kwangaphandle. Ikakhulukazi ukuthi ukukhubazeka singenzeka ngesikhathi ukusebenza esakhiweni izinhlelo ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside emva kokuphothulwa umsebenzi futhi ukuphothulwa nemizana ne ze.

Ngakho-ke, ukulawula izilinganiso kanye nezitifiketi kufanele kwenziwe ochwepheshe abazimele ngokuhamba ukwamukelwa kohlelo, hhayi uma ufuna ukuthola ukuthi kungani kungekho ibhalansi design emoyeni.

GOST 12.3.018-79

Izindlela zokuhlola sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo kuchazwa esimweni umkhakha amazinga, evunyiwe 1979 eSoviet Union futhi namanje sisebenza.

Standard emileyo ukukhethwa nesilinganiso amaphuzu, nokucutshungulwa imiphumela yokuhlolwa, ukubala ngephutha nesilinganiso ekutholweni komoya isilinganiso kanye nokulahlekelwa umfutho uma usebenza ukuphepha.

zezindlela zokuhlola sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza zihlanganisa ukukhethwa izigaba lapho izilinganiso zenziwa. nesilinganiso okunjalo iphuzu ukugwema ukuhlanekezela idatha kumele ahlelwe ngokuhambisana GOST at ibanga elithile, Songa ubukhulu wokubacindezela esigabeni imbobo kusukela obstructions ku Ukuhamba endleleni (isb, ama-valve futhi afanayo) kanye ematfuba yayo.

kwesigaba D kungase ngokufanele ezindaweni ngokuzumayo ushintsho isiteshi ubukhulu. Kule ndawo ke ubhekwa komncane kunabo endaweni cross-Sectional at emphinjeni.

Isisetshenziswa ukuhlolwa

GOST "Izindlela ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza» (№ 12.3. 018-79) akagcini ngokunikeza uhlu imishini ezidingekile nesilinganiso, kodwa ukunemba kwayo amakilasi ngokuhambisana namazinga isimo.

Kuhlanganiswe ingcindezi umamukeli kanye Imininingwane ingcindezi umamukeli asetshenziselwa yokulinganisa ingcindezi ashukumisayo kanye Imininingwane e ukugeleza okusheshayo ngesilinganiso okweqa 5 m / s, kanye ingcindezi static e nohide.

Ukulinganisa nomswakama isihlobo emoyeni kanye negesi ngokuphelele nothuli ogeleza usuka 10 ku-90% okuqukethwe izinhlayiya ngaphandle lokushisa 0 kuya 50 ° C, amazolo iphuzu kanye ngesilinganiso Ukuhamba usebenzisa idivayisi kuhlanganiswe okubandakanya gauge umoya futhi thermohygrometer. Ungasebenzisa lawa amadivayisi ngokwehlukile. Lokhu kuncike ezikhethekile imishini laboratory, ezifana Thermo-7 IVTM M2 futhi vane anemometer okwakhelwe Testo 417.

Ingcindezi gauge isetshenziselwa ingcindezi izilinganiso, futhi umehluko ingcindezi umehluko igesi futhi emoyeni notshwala.

Ukuze nesilinganiso ingcindezi komoya kuyinto osetshenziswayo Metrology barometer.

Ukuze ubone ukuthi izinga lokushisa komoya, usebenzisa thermometer ezivamile, kanye nomswakama yayo - psychrometers.

Umklamo insimbi, ikakhulukazi izilinganiso ekusakazeni enothuli kumele aqinisekise yokuhlanza yabo lula, mhlawumbe ngezandla zabo noma ibhulashi.

Ukuqhuba sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza ukuhlolwa awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela uphondo sokulinganisa emoyeni ivolumu ukugeleza. Isetshenziselwa nge anemometer. Ngenxa geometry of ukupholisa grid i- kudingekile sokulinganisa ukufana nesiqondiso komoya kuthiwa. Ngakho-ke, nale divayisi ukugeleza iqondiswa iphenywe inzwa zazo achithayo ngonyaka izisekelo, engxenyeni lapho izinga izilinganiso kakhulu ngendlela egculisayo.

Wonke amadivayisi yokulinganisa kuthiwa zihlolwe njalo Standardization kanye nezitifiketi emizimbeni.

Ukulungiselela uhlelo ukuhlolwa

ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa inethiwekhi Kwenziwa ngesikhathi amadivayisi usuvulekile mpintsha, zazo ogibele uvule imbobo ezivamile futhi ngaso sonke amagatsha ngakho. Ngokuvamile ekuklanyweni uma liqhathaniswa nezibani emoyeni handling amayunithi baye esakhelwe amadivayisi control. Futhi bayokwenziwa avuleka ngokugcwele. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, ngaleso esiphezulu emoyeni ukugeleza motor fan kungase Ishisa ophoqelelwe ukupholisa uhlelo.

Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-main ukugeleza restrictor ukumboza, futhi uma alinikezelwanga ekuklanyweni, sifakwe phakathi Flanges diaphragm of a mncane steel ukufulela, ekunciphiseni komoya we air noma zizalela emoyeni mass.

Khona-ke efakwe kumadivayisi kanye nemishini njengoba Icacisa Standard. ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza okufanele kwenzeke ukuze ukufundwa kungukuthi uhlanekezelwe ngenxa yokushisa elikhazimulayo convective, vibration nezinye izinto nezingahlobene nendaba.

Ukulungele usebenza ngokuhambisana passport phezu kwabo noma mathupha.

ukusebenza

On kuhambisana ngemibhalo yomsebenzi iyenziwa esakhiweni ngokuya Ukushisa, air conditioning ne ukupholisa izinhlelo, ama-passport kanye nezitifiketi sokuhambisana imishini inqubo. Lena esigabeni sokuqala, oqala ngokuthi ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo.

Khona-ke ongoti laboratory ukucacisa inombolo kokulinganisela edingekayo, ukuthuthukisa okusetshenzelwa, ukucacisa izindleko umsebenzi futhi wenze izindleko izilinganiso.

Esigabeni esilandelayo zomculo futhi imishini abazenzi zonke ezidingekayo ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza kanye izilinganiso. Ayephila umfutho womoya kanye ekamelweni lokushisa, ashukumisayo, static negcwele ukugeleza ingcindezi, isikhathi lapho anemometer silotshwe ekusakazeni nokuguqulwa lo mbhalo walo.

Ihlola uma emoyeni ukugeleza rate, umswakama, futhi ukugeleza yayo ingamaphesenti, inani ingcindezi ukulahleka, ukufakwa efanele grid valve ahlukahlukene ohlelweni; kulinganiswa ngokweqile umfutho womoya e ezitebhisini aphansi phansi, Ezindaweni zokwamukela izivakashi, zommbila ezimayini; futhi ukucindezela umehluko yonkana avaliwe imizila umnyango ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi; Okunqumayo ngesilinganiso ukususwa imikhiqizo amandla omlilo nokuningi. Izindlela ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza kulawulwa umkhakha isimo ejwayelekile.

Emsebenzini ezidingekile ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ngesikhathi izilinganiso musa yakha amagesi ayingozi noma emakamu alufakwa.

Umphumela umsebenzi abathola isahlulelo ngendlela efanele imibhalo. It uba futhi yezifiso lomsebenzi, uma kunesidingo, passport kohlelo ukupholisa amayunithi ngabanye.

imibhalo yokugcina

Ngezinye kokuhlaziywa kokuqala ukupholisa zemvelo idwetshwa ukuhlolwa okunjalo. Ngemva kokuhlola mpilo senziwa izilinganiso nemingcele sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa izinhlelo protocol ekhishwe umbono ukwenza ngokuvumelana nemingcele langempela le phrojekthi.

ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza of ukupholisa kungaqedwa isenzo, okuhlanganisa ulwazi umsebenzi imishini inqubo, umkhiqizo wabo, ukupholisa izinga ezakhiweni, le Amapayipi emoyeni kanye namandla izihlungi emoyeni nokubukwayo idatha ukuhlolwa.

Aktiruyut uhlobo impeller futhi ubukhulu bayo, futhi uphendulela ububanzi isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo, ukugeleza okugcwele ingcindezi Ukusebenza fan; uhlobo ematfuba, amandla ukudluliswa indlela torque engu isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo ubukhulu - ngokuba motor kagesi; ingcindezi iconsi, ukuthunjwa iphesenti kanye ubungako bokudlulisa - isihlungi; uhlobo idivayisi, circuit kwegazi futhi uhlobo Isibandisi, imiphumela yokuhlolwa - I-heater futhi umoya isimo.

Passport ka ohlelweni ukupholisa, edingekayo ngesikhathi kuhlolwa lokugada enelanga, kufanele ibe idatha emayelana injongo yawo nokuthi indawo, ukusebenza kanye nezinye izici imishini inqubo, imiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Icebo ukupholisa nazo zonke uma liqhathaniswa nezibani emoyeni kwawo kufanele futhi passport.

Ihlola ukupholisa zamanje kuthola ukuhluleka kwawo, isidingo kabusha noma ukuhlanza.

Kungani futhi kanjani ukuhlola umoya omncane uhlelo, izindlela ukuhlolwa sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza ngokuvamile kanye nezincwadi, eyenziwe imiphumela, - inkontileka jikelele, ikhasimende ukwakhiwa Izakhiwo zokuhlala nendawo yomphakathi, izinkampani ukuphathwa onekhono futhi abaphathi kwemisebenzi yobunjiniyela umkhakha, lolu lwazi oludingekayo okungenani ukuqonda ukuthi yini imibhalo udinga ukupheka, kuphi isicelo izitifiketi kanye nokuhlolwa ukupholisa izinhlelo.