Olesha "Three Fat Abantu": incwadi ukubuyekezwa. Inganekwane "Izazi Ezintathu Fat": Ukubuyekeza

"Ngo-inganekwane - amanga, ngakho-ke ..." Nge isandiso lokhu bonke abafundi abakhuluma isiRashiya owaziwa futhi izingcaphuno ajwayelekile eziningana bagibele. Lenchazelo olunzulu Pushkin inganekwane efanele kuleli hora, ngoba abaningi lolu hlobo kuseyindinganiso wokuhlakanipha okungenamkhawulo, kwaphela izimo ezilula kanye nezithombe. Leyo misebenzi kukhumbuleke konke ukuphila omdala. Omunye wabo - incwadi "Three Fat Abantu" - okuxoxwa ngayo kulesi sihloko.

amaqiniso oluchaza

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi the tetemibhalo ifa Olesha ehlanganisa indaba ngenhla, inoveli "Umona", tindzaba letimfisha kanye nemidlalo, lincane ngokwanele, endaweni yalo ezincwadini Russian emfanele. Umlobi esizayo wazalwa ngo Elisavetgrad (Kirovograd samanje), kodwa esengumntwana nangesikhathi usakhula wachitha e-Odessa. endaweni yakhe bengababhali ovelele efana Bagritsky futhi Kataeva. Ndawonye nabo, wathuthela eMoscow, eyayisanda kufika basuka izenzakalo wamavukelambuso. Kube lihlangabezana labalobi owafika ngo-dolobha kusukela Kiev (isb Bulgakovym) kuhlelwe iphepha "Beep" ngitsatse alias "ishizolo" esenziwayo yokubhala feyletony. Kwakamuva bajabulela impumelelo ekhexisayo.

Umlando inganekwane

Incwadi "Three Fat Abesilisa" Lalotshwa 1924. Umbhali umqondo esaphakama lapho ifasitele lomkhumbi endlini kamakhelwane wabona intombazane noValya Gryunzayd abafunda Andersen sika inganekwane. Umlobi yamthembisa ukuthi izodala into efanayo, bese, ngaphandle kokucabanga mayelana nezindaba emgqeni party, isethwe ukuthi isebenze.

Inqubo yokudala kwenzeka "ibhaza" isakhiwo, eyasebenza njengodonga itoho indawo abalobi abangenamakhaya. Olesha wakhumbula ubumnandi wake wazamazama emgqonyeni, okuyinto kuvinjelwe umbhali. Nge hlangothi, kwadingeka ukuba ubambe abangalawuleki isici isinxibi umhlobiso ukuphrinta, kanye nabanye ukudala incwadi emiqulwini. Ekugcineni, inganekwane "Amathathu Fat Abesilisa" kwalotshwa futhi wathumela ukuphrinta.

ingxenye indaba

Kusukela emakhasini lokuqala umfundi egxilile ezweni yokudlala, okuyinto libuswa ezintathu Podge. Basho ukuthi ihlukaniswe yaba abacebile nabampofu, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kancane kancane ukukhula. Omunye inspirers yayo ngemibono - gunsmith Prospero - uya ejele. Kodwa inkululeko namanje umngane wakhe, Tibul uyasisekela, ngubani ecashele onogada abona yonke into ayakubona Dr. Gaspar, enozwelo abampofu. Revolutionary uyezwa kufihlwe ukudlula komhlaba okuholela ngqo esigodlweni Tolstyakov ...

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, onogada aphule indlalifa upopayi ababusi, umfana Tutti. amathoyizi Broken ukunikeza Gaspar, ubani okufanele ukukulungisa, kungenjalo elindela ngayo nesijeziso sokufa ngenxa ebusuku. Ukwazi ukuthi oda asikwazi ukwenziwa, udokotela ithwala doll emuva esigodlweni, kodwa esendleleni eya ukulahlekelwa. Lapho ngifuna ithoyizi, ukhubekile phezu abaculi van, futhi uhlangana lapho intombazane Swauk efanayo njengoba ezimbili amathonsi amanzi awakhuphule ekulahlekeni. Girl on the Tibula isinyathelo ingena esigodlweni bese kuphuma Prospero. Ngenxa yalesi abheke- isigwebo sentambo, kodwa abavukeli, ekugcineni inhlanhla: onogada ninami zabo, futhi umbuso engenabulungisa ukuba balahle. Lapha futhi inganekwane ukuqeda.

Abalingiswa, ezingeni yamaSoviet, intertextuality

Isithombe yezinganekwane Heroine - Swauk - seyixhunyaniswe izenzakalo ezimangalisayo ngoba umbhali. Abagxeki owabhala "Three Fat Abesilisa" Izibuyekezo yencwadi, akakwazanga ukumsiza kodwa phawula ukuthi igama layo ngu-kuyinto ungwaqa nge amagama Olgi Suok - unkosikazi Olesha. Lokhu kwavezwa ngu umlobi ngokwakhe sokunikezela, ngaphezulu ngesinyelela nabo, futhi abafundi, ngoba kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe wahlala uthando nge abasebasha udade unkosikazi wakhe, uSeraphim. Yena wenza okufanayo, nokho, ngokuba ngokwemvelo a edlulayo ekhethekile, njalo wasuka Olesha. Owokugcina amadoda wakhe waba nedumela elibi Viktor Shklovsky, futhi Yuri, behlukunyezwa imizwa yokubonisana uthando, washada Olga. Ukubona doll intombazane akuyona kuphela siqu, kodwa futhi nsuku etemibhalo. Engingakusho nje kokukhumbula izinhlamvu amakhadibhodi okuvela "kuLowo Puppet Bonisa" Blok noma Olympia kusukela edumile "Sandman" Hoffmann.

Uma nomcwaningi Soviet ababehlose ubhale phezu kwala "Three Fat Abesilisa" ukubuyekeza, qiniseka agcizelelwe umkhiqizo izinguquko, ukuchazwa yesimanje uvumele ukuya ekujuleni inkinga ezingeni inganekwane. Ngakho, imbangela yalokhu umzabalazo bomuntu umshini ixhunywe nge fashion dolls sekushiwo, kanye ngensimbi nge Prospero ososayensi Tubom. Nguye owadala intombazane mechanical wenqaba ngomyalo Tolstyakov komlayezo ngoba Tutti inhliziyo lokukhanda. Lapha ingena inkomba sobala endaweni yesehlakalo abadumile "I Snow Queen" by Andersen.

Tutti kulo eyibhalela njengoba ihamba kusukela "mechanical" ukuze "ophilayo" emhlabeni. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umqondo inhliziyo kuhlulekile, amadoda Fat azibalulekile umbuthano womphakathi indlalifa izilwane zasendle kanye doll lokukhanda. Hhayi ngokunikeza umfundi ithuba ukuthi isifiso esicashile ukuthola ukuphila kwangempela, ukhulule lomfana ngisho kubonakala ngesimo esibi, unogada wathutha lapho wagwaza inkemba yakhe mechanical Swauk analog. Ukulahleka umfana waqala ukukhala, futhi sisasebenza Tolstyakov lalimelela ingozi mkhulu kunabo bonke izinkulumo we Prospero wamavukelambuso. Imizwelo ezisuka kusukela Tutti, ibonisa ukuthi umphefumulo ophilayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho tycoons uhlelo wahlala zingagcwaliseki.

ukwenqatshwa kokuqala

Ngemva kokuphela inganekwane "Amathathu Fat Abesilisa" bekumele baqamekela Oleshi kuthebula iminyaka emithathu. Njengoba wazi, zonke kumnandi akuyona wamukelekile kakhulu ngalezo zinsuku. abakhi bangomuso wobukhomanisi ayikwazi ncamashi zifundeka njengencwadi yezinganekwane ezifana "Amathathu Fat Abesilisa." Izibuyekezo yencwadi bebelokhu negative - kahle, lokhu kulindeleke. Ngakho, enye ukubuyekezwa ambalwa wabizwa ngokuthi into efana "kanjani ukuba babhale izincwadi izingane." Kodwa manje kubonakala isimanga, njengoba Expressionist igunya, kude aesthetics okwangempela yezenhlalakahle inoveli "Umona" kwaba bakwazi ngisho nokuba neqhaza ukushicilelwa umlobi inganekwane ngo-1928.

Buyekeza L. Chukovskaia

Ngo-1940, okwesibili lapho yashicilelwa "Three Fat Abantu". Uphenyo ibhuku futhi, bebelokhu ngokuvamile omubi. Phakathi kwazo kunane-ukubuyekeza Lidii Chukovskoy ukuthi, eqaphela kokufaneleka undoubted yencwadi (khona uzungu okuthakazelisayo), bathi indaba kuyinto "abandayo". Ngokusho nomcwaningi, ngeke abangele uzwela nabalingiswa abasemqoka, ngokungafani kuya imisebenzi efanayo Mark Twain. Amacala abekwa wona okuthi main uLidiya sostoyallo ukuthi imisebenzi yabo Olesha - "Three Fat Abesilisa", "Umona" futhi izindaba - wondla ngokwedlulele izinto .... Ngakho-ke, futhi leyo nzalo nezinto ezingaphili kwakumelwe nandaba ukucasha kubantu.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngemibono inganekwane iye ngasekelwa, a umfutho ambalwa ewubuciko - efana "Rose kuthululiwe njengomlilo compote" - kakhulu kukhinyabeza bezibona isihloko, okungukuthi umzabalazo abantu ephikisana nabacindezeli. Nokho, kuwufanele neze ukudala umbono wakho siqu yomlobi, uthembele lezi kokuma namazwana: "Three Fat Abesilisa" Olesha wabhala ilindele ngendlela Expressionist ka "Umona", okuyinto eyaba lwentando izincwadi Russian we 20s. Ikakhulukazi yena uLidiya Chukovskaia ungahlosile wabonisa umyalo wabo lesi sitayela, ebhekisela "vagaries kwendaba," esicwila waterfall nezintaba isiraphu ushukela.

wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile

Osip Mandelstam wayezazisa "Three Fat Abantu". Izibuyekezo yencwadi (noma kunalokho, ukubukeza), imbongi waqala ne ngokucabangela: uma Oleshi tale yahunyushwa ke zonke kungaba kusukela zabafundi abakhuluma isiRashiya wabanjwa yena, yavuma ukuthi ubengazi umbhali onekhono enjalo. Khonamanjalo Mandelstam waphawula ngomunyu ukuthi ukwesaba kwabo ukugxekwa baye kamnandi umbhali othile osemusha uye wanquma yokuwuthola party inganekwane. Futhi yize, ngoba liyisihlalo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba esikalini European, okuzokwenza engafundwa abadala kanye nezingane.

Umsebenzi wobuciko Oleshi yesimanjemanje

Njengoba ubona, isiprofetho Mandelstam sika sagcwaliseka. Tale of Tibule futhi Swauk kwaba isikhathi. Yena wathwebula, wadala inguqulo waseshashalazini, izincwadi "Yu umbhalo oqoshiwe Olesha "Three Fat Abesilisa", "kubukwe emashalofini imitapo nezitolo, okuyinto waphinda ubonisa nasithakazelo komuntu omphakathi kokufunda lo mkhiqizo.