Nokusakazwa-fetus. Ubukhulu umbungu

ukuzungeza fetus ahlelwe ngendlela ezifana ukuqinisekisa ngokugcwele izidingo zayo ukuthuthukiswa. Ihlelo lokukhambisa iingazi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa sengane kungokoqobo izinguquko ezithile. Ngomoya + wakho kuqala usana kuza nje hawu igazi emaphashini futhi kukhona owande kwegazi, libhekene intrauterine.

Inqubo kumiswa i-nucleus ye inhliziyo iqala ngesonto yokukhulelwa wesibili, futhi kumiswa emikhawulweni yaso ngenyanga yesibili wokukhula kwengane esiswini. Kulesi sikhathi, kuba zonke izici inhliziyo emine chambered. Ndawonye kumiswa inhliziyo eba esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukuzungeza fetus. I mpilo nezakhi elamukelayo lusuka lukanina. Ngakho-ke, zikhona izici ezithile kwegazi umntwana ongakazalwa.

Indlela ukuzungeza fetus

Igazi ayegcwele-mpilo livela placenta ngu vein enkabeni. Nge mayelana ingxenye yegazi kusulwe umzanyana umbungu ngokusebenzisa inetha emithambo yegazi. igazi resettable Bypasses kwesibindi semithambo uhlelo umbungu futhi ku bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi vena cava. I lonke elinye igazi ukuze kwesibindi ngokusebenzisa vein portal. It ke eliqondisa emithanjeni kwesibindi ku bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi vena cava.

Ngenxa yalokho izici ezinjalo igazi sokujikeleza kwegazi bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi vena cava etholwe okuxubile. Okuqukethwe oxygen ngayo kunangalezi egazini ebuya aphakeme vena cava phakathi ATRIUM (kwesokudla). Lena isici esivelele kakhulu, njengoba bobabili ukugeleza kwegazi e-ATRIUM kwesokudla abahlukene, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, njengoba zinjalo ezahlukene.

Kwengane liningi igazi ngenxa ukugeleza kwegazi ngokwahlukana izindawo has izici ezilandelayo: it unikezwa myocardium nobuchopho igazi nge wokuqukethwe eliphezulu umoya-mpilo. A igazi ngaphansi anomoya-mpilo ongena placenta ngokusebenzisa aorta ukwehla futhi Umthambo enkabeni ngoba oxygenation.

Igazi engenayo kule ATRIUM ngakwesokudla (okwandisa inani layo) kusukela phansi kunabaphostoli vena cava ngokusebenzisa foramen ovale phakathi ATRIUM kwesokunxele uthunyelwa. igazi elinomoya-mpilo kukhishwa onqenqemeni engezansi ngodonga yesibili. Lokhu ukwahlukanisa ubizwa ngokuthi "umphini Eustachian". Itholakala ngenhla emgodini, okubenze bafinyelela ATRIUM ngqo kusuka bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi vena cava.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo ukuxuba igazi abalamukele inombolo encane ukunikezela singenele oxygen ukubuyiselwa igazi ngemithambo yamaphaphu kuya ATRIUM kwesokunxele-fetus. Kusukela ATRIUM kwesokunxele uhamba igazi ukuze i-ventricle engakwesobunxele, bese kukhishelwa endlini aorta unyuka. Futhi yomthambo i-aorta ukugeleza kwegazi, ocebile oksijini, kwasakazwa ngezindlela ezintathu:

1. le ukuxhumelela imithambo yenhliziyo ngoba perfusion esivimba amanzi. Lokhu kumayelana 9% igazi ukhiphe kusuka i-ventricle engakwesobunxele.

2. izigaba engenhla zobuchopho futhi umzimba. Inani igazi ezifana imayelana 62%. It odabula carotid futhi subclavian imithambo.

3. Esikhathini aorta ukwehla ke kwezinye izitho umbungu. Umthamo wegazi kuyinto 29%.

Ngakho lapho kunyatheliswa fetus. Sakhe sokunene ukuthuthukiswa -Natal kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi: ufuzo umama okhulelwe, indlela yakhe yokuphila, ukudla, njalo njalo ..

Ubukhulu umbungu

Ngo parallel ukuthuthukiswa umbungu nokwanda Ubukhulu bayo. Sikhula nge njalo ngehora, nsuku zonke. Ukuze sifinyelele emasontweni amabili nanye yokukhulelwa-fetus kukalwa kusukela parietal kuya sacrum. Ekupheleni kwaleyo nkathi, izilinganiso zenziwa kusukela ekhanda kuye ozwaneni. Ukwazi usayizi ezingenzeka embungwini, owesifazane Ungakwazi ukulandela sibangelwa ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanele.

ukuthuthukiswa ingane ithembela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokwandisa isisindo umama okhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba ngokuqinile ukugcina udokotela yokudla Kunconywa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yini edingekayo ukuze afeze iqoqo umsebenzi okhethekile. Ukuhambisana unina ikusasa lazo zonke iziqondiso Ochwepheshe kuzosiza i-fetus ukuthuthukisa ngokuhambisana nemigomo.