Nokuqinisa - Iyini?

Zokungenisa Amagciwane womuntu okubangela ukusabela okungokwemvelo ukuzivikela. Ikhishwa omzimba athile, okuyinto ukuhlasela amagciwane. Ngemva lokunqoba ukugula lezi izinto ahlale emzimbeni. Ngakho yokugoma kwenzeka. Lena inqubo lapho umuntu ethola ukumelana ukungenwa yizifo ezithile.

inqubo yokugoma

Kuze kube manje, lokugoma kubhekwa eyodwa yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokwenza abantu ulwe zonke izinhlobo izifo eziyingozi: ngqi, idiphtheria, ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, ukukhwehlela whooping, nabanye abaningi. Indlela yakhiwa esasikhipha kumuntu wokugoma ekhethekile, okuyinto oyenza ukusabela okuvikela umzimba. Ngokokuqala ngqá, le nqubo kwenziwa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Ngokusho ochwepheshe, lokugoma kusiza ukuvimbela ukubulawa kwabantu abaningi ababulawa izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukuze ulungise izivikeli mzimba yasekelwa, futhi imiphumela emibi babe ongatheni, izici eziningi ziyabhekelelwa. Phakathi kwabo kukhona yobudala kanye isimo sempilo, futhi sengozini ukungenwa yizifo ezithile nezigaba ezithile sabantu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukugoma - indlela enhle kakhulu kokubili nokuvinjelwa kwezifo kanye ukubhebhetheka kwazo olunzulu (isib, isifo sofuba).

ukugoma asebenzayo

Kungaba ezemvelo kanye yokufakelwa. ukugoma Yemvelo kwenzeka ngemva izifo. Eyesibili Kwenziwa esasikhipha imigomo. Imithi kungase kube ophilayo, nezilwanyana ezincane efile, amakhemikhali, adalwe-genetic engineering, multicomponent, nge izinsalela DNA bacterium. Ngakho, ukugoma asebenzayo ikhuthaza ukusebenza njalo, ukuvikela umzimba ezifeni oyingozi. Administration komjovo kungathatha indawo ngezindlela ezahlukene: ngemithambo yegazi, intramuscularly, phansi kwesikhumba noma intradermally (esebenza kahle kakhulu). Lapho lokugoma esebenzayo liyadingeka ukubala efanele umthamo. Uma izinga weqiwe, ekuphindeni kungenzeka lesi sifo. Lapho-ke lehliselwa ukugoma kuyindlela ayizwakali.

igciwane Live, siphindaphindeka umzimba, kuvusa secretory yeselula, amasosha omzimba humoral. Nokho, le ndlela yokukhuluma yokugoma has nezihibe. Okokuqala inchubekelembili kungenzeka lesi sifo. Njengoba omunye ingxenye umgomo ezifana lihambisana namanye amagciwane anganika ukusabela ezingalindelekile. ukugoma Active - ngendlela asifanele abantu immunodeficiency, iziguli, ene-leukemia, lymphoma, labo abathola radiotherapy. Ukusungulwa yokugoma ezinjalo kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe.

toxoids Isicelo

Ngokuvamile toxoids esetshenziselwa ukugoma. Le into, okuyinto etholwe bazithobisa le ubuthi nge formalin. Ngakho, yenziwa ayinangozi, kodwa kugcina immunomodulating izakhiwo. Lezi toxoids asetshenziselwa ukugoma ngokumelene ngqi, idiphtheria. Lokhu lokugoma wenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili, ikhefu phakathi kwabo kufanele kube izinyanga mayelana 1.5. Khona-ke ngemva konyaka ekhiqizwa revaccination.

ukugoma yokwenziwa

amasosha omzimba lesikhashana elakhiwe nge yokugoma yekwentiwa. iqondiswa amasosha omzimba Ngakho ukuze antigen athile. Njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa le ndlela, inqobo nje uma ukugoma asebenzayo engakaze eyenziwa for ekwelapheni spider Ukulunywa, izinyoka. Ngakho, ukugoma yokwenziwa - indlela onikeza kuphela umphumela wangaleso sikhathi (nakuba osheshayo) futhi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ngemva ukuxhumana ejenti. Sebenzisa ngenkathi izidakamizwa ezifana immunoglobulin womuntu (evamile futhi ethize), serum ekhethekile. I izinkomba for ukusetshenziswa immunoglobulin, ayisiza kuyinto nokuvimbela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, uvendle, immunodeficiency, ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside futhi ukutheleleka. Kuvele immunoglobulin kusukela oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi lomuntu omdala. Its oyi-lwahlolwa ukuze khona ukutheleleka. Iphathwe izidakamizwa intramuscularly ezinjalo. Inombolo enkulu amasosha omzimba Kuye kwaphawulwa ngosuku lwesibili. Ngemva cishe 4 amaviki, iba yingxenye yomhlabathi. Ngezinye izikhathi lapho kukhona umjovo ubuhlungu. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa bafake izidakamizwa ayikajuli ngalokwenele.

izidakamizwa ezihambisana yokugoma

Kwezinye izimo, imikhuba ehambisana ukugoma. Lokhu ukusetshenziswa amalungiselelo okuyinto aqukethe antigen ezahlukene. Inzuzo enkulu yaleli ndlela kuyinto ukunciphisa isibalo imijovo kwadingeka kwezinhlelo nokuphathwa antigen ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umgomo onjalo kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa bangangenwa yilesi sifo esikhathini esifushane yesikhathi futhi ivumela ukuba sihlanganise antigen ezinguqulweni ezahlukene (kuye ngokuthi isimo epidemiological yamanje). A ekwakhiweni ecacile imelele pertussis, idiphtheria nomhlathi-ngqi (DPT).

izinkambo yokugoma

Ukuze ngokushesha unqamule uchungechunge yokudlulisela izifo ezithile, ukugoma Kwenziwa izinkambo. Lokhu iqoqo izinyathelo ezihlose lokufeza yokugoma zonke izingane (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziye zigonywe ngaphambili). Ngokuvamile, ukugoma nezikhathi ukubamba up ezisukela esingangesonto elilodwa kuya ngenyanga eyodwa. Injongo eyinhloko izenzo ezinjalo ukugoma zonke labantu isifo esithile. Ngokuvamile imisebenzi enjalo eyenziwa emazweni asathuthuka (lapho siyathelelana lisabalele, futhi imibhalo yokugoma ngokuvamile engekho).

imiphumela emibi yokugoma

Nakuba yokugoma sabantu - kuphephile ngempela futhi inqubo kudingekile, okuvela kuyo ukusabela ezingezinhle Kusengenzeka. Ngokuvamile, umuntu angakwazi ukubona ngumkhuhlane okuncane, ubuhlungu ngesikhathi indawo umjovo. Izingane ziba Moody, isifiso kwehle. Hhayi ngaphandle, futhi ukusabela kabi komzimba. Akuvamile ukuba bagcine angioedema. Uma usebenzisa umuthi wokugoma bukhoma, ngezinye izikhathi ukuthi nginesifo sibi isifo (isimungumungwane, rubella). Ukuze ugweme ukuxakeka ezinjalo, lokugoma kufanele sigcwaliswe ngendlela efanele. Okokuqala, ingane kumele kube ngokuphelele enempilo. Ngaphambi ngalinye inoculation edingekayo isheke-up, elinganisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba, sihlola izindawo okwakubulawelwa kuzo ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo, nomphimbo, emaphashini uyalalela. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye yonke le, banikezwe isiqondiso ngokugoma.

Kanjani ukusiza ingane yakho ukuhambisa yokugoma?

Imijovo ubuhlungu ezinganeni (short-term). Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi yokugoma ingane kuyinto efiselekayo ukuze uqinisekise. Uma emva ukuxhumelela lokushisa likhuphuka (ikakhulu ngaphezu 39 ° C) kumele anikeze izidakamizwa ukunciphisa ke. Ngokuvamile, le nkathi ingane Naughty, ukudla ezimbi. Akubalulekile ukuchitha nabo imidlalo asebenzayo, ephoqa udle. Kungcono ukukhetha ezinye amaseshini ezolile. Kufanele udale izimo ukhululekile zasendlini zezulu: Kumelwe ukuba nomoya elomile lokushisa - liphezulu kakhulu. Kufanele kube umntwana Uxolo, amnake nobukhulu, ngoba manje kakhulu isidingo. Uma emva yokugoma yokulwa nesimungumungwane, rubella, njll ukuqubuka, akufanele kubange ukukhathazeka. Ngokujwayelekile vele uye amuke ngokwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Nokho, yiziphi izinguquko zaphakade ukuziphatha, Ukudlikizela, izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukucobeka isikhathi eside - esizwakalayo ukuze ujike kuchwepheshe.

Ukugoma Isonto - kuyini?

I-World Health Organization kwaba iminyaka engu-10 beqhuba European Ukugoma Iviki. Lokhu iqoqo izinyathelo ezihlose nokusabalalisa ulwazi mayelana ukubaluleka ngokugoma. Phakathi nomkhankaso, noma ubani angaba ukuthola imininingwane ngemigomo ziyakwazi ukuvikela abantu, yiziphi izenzakalo zakamuva kulo mkhakha. Ukugoma Isonto kusiza abazali ukuba benze isinqumo esivuna ngokugoma. Ngo ifomu kufinyeleleke inikeza ulwazi mayelana nazo zonke izifo ezingase zibhuntshise impilo yengane. Umyalezo oyinhloko umkhankaso wukuthi yokugoma - yikhono wokuqeda isifo esiyingozi (ingxibongo, idiphtheria), balahle kubo kuze kube phakade.