Amafutha omoto: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuxuba umzimba kanye nezakhi zokwenziwa

Amafutha okushisa, ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali ahlukaniswe ngamaminerali, ama-synthetic and semi-synthetic.

Izinhlobo zamatshe okugcoba izinjini zemoto

Amaminerali amaminerali ayinamafutha, okuhlanjululwa ngemuva kokukhipha kwawo. Lawa mafutha aqinile futhi angabizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto ezineminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu zizoqhubeka zikhetha izinto ezimbiwe ngamaminerali.

Amakhemikhali ama-synthetic akhiqizwa ema laboratories besebenzisa amafomula akhethekile amakhemikhali. Abancike kakhulu ezintweni zangaphandle, ukwandisa ukumelana nokugqoka kwe-injini bese ulondoloza ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli.

Amafutha we-Semisynthetic akhiqizwa yinhlanganisela enekhono lezinhlobo zokugcoba zangaphambili. Manje benguMholi ophelele emakethe.

Ngayinye yezinhlobo zamatshe okugcoba unomjikelezo wayo. Ukuzikhethela ngokuyinhloko kuncike ekutheni imoto ihamba kanjani kanye nemigomo yokushisa yemvelo.

Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba i-semisynthetics ne-synthetics? Phela, kungaba nezimo ezahlukene emgwaqeni, isibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi kunesidingo sokugcwalisa amafutha ngokushesha, kodwa okudingekayo akutholakali.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamafutha ahlukene: imibono yokuphikisa nokuphikisana

Kukhona amaphuzu okubheka amaphuzu abakhiqizi nabashayeli kulo mbuzo: Ngingazihlanganisa namafutha ahlukene? Ukuxuba amafutha kunabasekeli bawo kanye nabaphikisi.

Abaphikisi bathi akugcini nje ukuthi kwakhiwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zamafutha. Sebevele bebeke indlela efanele yokwenza amakhemikhali, futhi ukwephulwa kwalo ngeke kuholele emiphumeleni emihle.

Abalandeli bombono ongeke baqaphele futhi abanombuzo wokuthi ngabe kungenzeka yini ukuxuba i-semisynthetics ne-synthetics, futhi Amafutha anesisindo kanye namaminerali, phendula kahle. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi izinto zokwenza izinto ezincane zivele ziwumkhiqizo wokuxuba, okungaphezu kwesigamu esakhiwe ngesisekelo samaminerali. Futhi akukho lutho olwesabekayo olwenzekayo uma kule nhlanganisela ingeza izinto eziningi zokwenza izinto, zihlanjululwe futhi zicutshungulwe.

Iningi longcweti linamathele esimweni esilinganiselwe. Futhi umbuzo mayelana nokuthi ungashintsha kanjani i-injini yamafutha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuxuba ama-synthetics kanye ne-semisynthetic, cishe uzothola impendulo enhle, kodwa ngokunye ukubhuka.

Indlela yokuhlanganisa amafutha kahle?

Akuwona wonke amafutha okugcoba anconywa ukuxuba. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emotweni, kodwa isisindo esingathandeki kakhulu, futhi kuyobe kungadingekile ukugcina imithetho ethile lapho uhlanganisa amafutha, ikakhulukazi uma ungakhetha ukhetho olunomusa.

Ukuxuba amafutha avela abakhiqizi abahlukene

Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba amafutha omzimba kanye namafutha we-semisynthetic avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene?

Okungcono, hlanganisa amafutha angcono kunomunye owodwa. Lokhu kungenxa yesethi efanayo yezihlanganisi kanye nesimiso samakhemikhali esifanayo. Ama-lubricants ngeke ancintisane ngokunembile futhi asebenze kahle kuze kube yilapho okulandelayo esikhundleni.

Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa izithako zomkhiqizi ofanayo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamafutha eseduze, umbuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuxuba ama-synthetics kanye ne-semisynthetic ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi banamuhla baye bathola indlela yokuphuma.

Abakhiqizi abaningi bamafutha namuhla bahlangabezana namazinga we-API nama-ACEA, avumela ikhono lokuxhuma imikhiqizo komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, ngokuxuba noma yikuphi ukugcoba okuhlangabezana nalezi zindinganiso, ungagwema imiphumela emibi uma usebenzisa injini yakho, kodwa lokhu kunconywa kuphela ecaleni elihlukile.

Ukuguqulwa kwe-oyela ukufaka amakilasi e-performance properties kanye ne-viscosity

Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba amafutha okufakelwa nge-semisynthetics, Uma Amakilasi ahlukene ne-viscosities ehlukene?

Abakhiqizi abancoma ukushintsha ebangeni kanye ne-viscosity yamafutha, kodwa uma kungenjalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo ofanayo njengangaphambili.

Uma ikilasi liphansi, kutuswa ukuba ugeze zonke izingxenye zenjini. Kunconywa ukuthi uhambe kancane ngendlela yokulinganisela, i-bay is a purier preliminary.

Imiphumela yokuxuba amafutha

Kwenzekani uma uhlanganisa ama-synthetics kanye ne-semisynthetics? Ukukhetha abakhiqizi bekhwalithi, awukwazi ukwesaba ukungasebenzi okukhulu kule injini. Uma uthenge amafutha futhi ungaqiniseki ngokuphelele ngakho, kunconywa ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa. Ukuxuba imikhiqizo ngemali encane, ungawafudumala uphinde ulandele ukuphendula kwamakhemikhali. Uma kudala imfucuza noma imithi ebuhlungu, lezi zinto azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa.

Uma kungekho ukuphikisana okusobala kwezingxenye, ungaxhuma ngokuphepha la mafutha omoto. Indlela yokuxuba ama-synthetics kanye ne-semisynthetic nge-viscosities ehlukene futhi yini eyophuma njengomphumela?

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, amafutha we-viscosities ahlukene angaxubaniswa, kodwa kungcono ukusebenzisa umshini owodwa. Ngakho, uma uxuba imikhiqizo, uzothola imiphumela engalinganiselwe. Ake sithi, uma sihlanganisa ngokulingana okulinganayo izinto zokwenziwa zokwenziwa 5w-50 kanye nokwenziwe okwenziwe nge-15w-30, amafutha 10w-40 azohamba.

Embuzweni wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuxuba i-semisynthetics ne-synthetics Amakilasi ahlukene okusebenza, aphendulwa ngenhla. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlanganiswa, amafutha wekhwalithi ephansi azovela. Ake sithi, lapho kuhlanganiswa amafutha emakilasi H noL, umphumela uyisigaba esiphansi - H.

Imiphumela emibi engenzeka yokuxhumeka

Umehluko kumakhemikhali amakhemikhali, iqoqo elihlukile lezithasiselo lingaphikisana phakathi kwenqubo yokusebenza. Uma ngabe wenza ukuhlolwa ukuxuba inani elincane lamafutha, lokhu akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngenxa yokusebenzisa ingxube ngeke kube nezinkinga.

Uma ubhekene nenkinga, ungaxubungula i-semisynthetics ne-synthetics, uma kungekho ezinye izinketho lokhu kungenziwa, kodwa-ke kunconywa ukuthi usasebenzisa amafutha afanayo.

Ngenxa yokuxuba amafutha ngokuphindaphindiwe noma ukuwa ngenkohliso, noma umahluko omkhulu kumakhemikhali e-injini, ama-deposits nama-slags angakha. Lokhu kuholela ekugqokeni okusheshayo kwezimoto nasekunciphiseni okuphawulekayo empilweni yayo yokusebenza.

Uma uthatha amafutha athile engaphansi kwezingu-15%, lokhu ngeke kube yingozi enjini. Leli nani lempahla lihlala emotweni futhi libe nokushintshwa okulula kwamafutha.

Amaminerali amaminerali kanye nokuhleleka kokuxhumana kwabo nezinye izinhlobo zamafutha

Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba ama-synthetics namanzi amaminerali? Le nkinga iyakhathazeka ngabashayeli abaningi abasebenzisa izinto zokugcoba zemvelo.

I-composite yemikhiqizo yokwenziwa, ekhishwa ngesisekelo se-polyalphaline (i-PAO) ngamaminerali omboni, kuvunyelwe.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokwakha zokwenziwa zihlanganisa nezimbiwa ezimbi nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyoba okufanele ukucacisa nabamele abamele umenzi noma okungenani ochwepheshe bezikhungo zokusiza mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuxuba.

Ngengozi encane, amafutha amaminerali angahlanganiswa ne-semisynthetics.

Isiphetho

Ama-synthetics kanye ne-semisynthetic. Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba lawa mafutha? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ihle, kepha lapho kuxhuma kubalulekile ukukhumbula imithetho eyisisekelo:

• Kungcono ukusebenzisa amafutha omkhiqizi ofanayo, i-viscosity kanye nebanga elifanayo;
• Uma ushintsha isigaba sezinto ezibonakalayo, sebenzisa umkhiqizo owodwa womkhiqizo, lokhu kuzokwehlisa imiphumela emibi ye-motor, kanti isigaba somxube emkhatsini ozokhipha uyobe sehle;
• E-viscosities ehlukene yamafutha, futhi uzama ukuthatha imikhiqizo yomkhiqizo ofanayo, i-viscosity ephumela kuyo iyoxhomeka ekulinganiseni kwezinto zokwakha;
• Okungavamile kakhulu futhi okungathandeki ukuguqulwa komunye umkhiqizi kuya kwesinye, ngaphambi kokuba kungcono ukubonisana nochwepheshe;
• Zama ukuthatha imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ehlangabezana nezidingo zamazinga wekhwalithi yaseMelika naseYurophu;
• Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amafutha, sebenzisa ukuhlanza.

Amaminerali angamaminerali angabuye ahlanganiswe neminye imikhiqizo, kodwa ezimweni eziningi lokhu akuthandeki.