Njengoba amangqamuzana ezinzwa e yokuvuselela?

Kubantu, kukhona abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu bhiliyoni izinzwa. Ngamunye wabo siqukethe izinqubo kanye umzimba - ngokuvamile dendrites eziningana, okufutshane futhi branched, futhi omunye Axon. izinqubo eyenziwa ngokuxhumana izinzwa nomunye. kwakhiwa Ngakho imibuthano namanethiwekhi ngaso pulses zenzeka kwegazi. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ososayensi bakhathazekile ngabe amangqamuzana ezinzwa yokuvuselela.

Kuyo yonke impilo zobuchopho ilahlekelwa izinzwa. Lokhu zofuzo yokufa. Nokho, ngokungafani namanye amangqamuzana, abanayo ukwabelana amandla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uqala ukwenza indlela ehlukile. Imisebenzi lamaseli elahlekile angathoma ukwenza eseduze, lapho, okwandisa ubukhulu, baqale ukuxhumana okusha. Ngakho, kulinganiswe ukungenzi izinzwa efile.

Kuqala kwakukholelwa babecabanga ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa musa sikhiqize. Nokho, la mazwi is ukulahlwa imithi yesimanje. Naphezu ukungabi khona ikhono ehlukana, njengoba amangqamuzana ezinzwa e yokuvuselela nokuthuthukisa ebuchosheni, ngisho umuntu omdala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amangqamuzana ezinzwa angaba sikhiqize ezihlobene walahleka ukuxhumana namanye amangqamuzana.

Uphiko esiphawuleka kunazo zonke ezinzwa elise ubuchopho. Ngenxa off-amahlumela akhiwa oxhumana eziningi nge izinzwa engumakhelwane.

Cranial, umgogodla futhi autonomic ISIZINDA, nerve eziyimpumelelo futhi izinzwa, ukuhlinzeka conduction inkanuko kuya izicubu, izitho zangaphakathi namalungu omzimba, peripheral ingxenye bakha isimiso sezinzwa somzimba womuntu.

Isimiso sezinzwa nomzimba uhlelo uhlelwe kahle. Nokho, uma esikuziphathimandla eyinkimbinkimbi isixhumanisi esisodwa esakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wabo, kungase kube nokuhlupheka umzimba wonke. Sinzima okulimala ebuchosheni ezihambisana Parkinson isifo, unhlangothi, Alzheimer isifo kuholela ekulahlekelweni yashesha sezinzwa. Sekungamashumi eminyaka ososayensi ozama ukuphendula umbuzo ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa yokuvuselela.

Namuhla kuyaziwa ukuthi isizukulwane izinzwa omdala ubuchopho mammalian kungaba kwenziwe usebenzisa ekhethekile stem cells (okuthiwa neuronal). Ngalesi sikhathi sathola ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa ziyakhokhwa kule ndawo subventricular, hippocampus (dentate gyrus), kanye cortex cerebellar. Ingxenye yokugcina ephawulwe le neurogenesis okukhulu kakhulu. I cerebellum ehilelekile ekuzuzeni nokugcina ulwazi mayelana amakhono ngokuzenzakalela futhi equlekile. Ngokwesibonelo, razuchivaya umdanso ukunyakaza, abantu kancane kancane iyeke nokucabanga ngazo, abenze ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ososayensi othakazelisayo eziningi zazo zikholelwa ukukhishwa izinzwa e-gyrus dentate. Kule ndawo, kukhona ukuzalwa imizwa, izinqubo zokulondoloza ulwazi lwezendawo. Ososayensi baye okwamanje wakwazi ukuqeda ukuqonda ukuthi izinzwa elalisanda kumiswa kuthinte izinkumbulo zakhekile, futhi ukwenza kanjani ekusebenzelaneni kwabo nge izinzwa ovuthiwe kulesi sifunda ingqondo.

Ososayensi uqaphele ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa zibuyiselwe kulezo zindawo, okuyinto banesibopho ngqo ukuze ikwazi ukuziphilisa ngesikhathi indiza ngokomzimba: orientation emkhathini, iphunga, ukwakheka inkumbulo motor. Kumiswa ekubeni nekhono lokuhlaziya uya esebenzayo esemncane, ngesikhathi ukukhula kwengqondo. Kulesi neurogenesis lihlotshaniswa zonke esishintshashintshayo. Lapho ufika ukuthuthukiswa yokuba umuntu omdala imisebenzi engqondweni yethu Kwenziwa ukulungiswa othintana phakathi izinzwa, kodwa hhayi ngenxa ukwakheka kwamaseli amasha.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ososayensi beqhubeka ukucinga foci ezazingaziwa ka neurogenesis, imizamo ngisho noma abambalwa ngempela akuphumelelanga. Lokhu isiqondiso ubaluleke hhayi kuphela e isayensi eyisisekelo kodwa ucwaningo uyasetshenziswa.