Izwe lamaSulumane, kusukela ezinsukwini zakuqala umlando Islam, ihlukaniswe isiqondiso ezimbili zenkolo - kuyinto Sunni and Shia. Ekhulwini VII, ngokushesha ngemva kokufa Mohammed elikhulu, lesi siqhingi saba umbuzo ka ubani ozohola amaSulumane zonke Arab sompristi. Abanye (Sunnis) ukuba basekelane kayise Muhammad nomkakhe Aisha - Abu Bakr. Okunye (Shiites) umangalele ukuthi ukuba owalandela uMprofethi can kuphela igazi isihlobo. Bathi ngaphambi kokufa Muhammad esimisiwe indlalifa umzala wayo ngumkhwenyana Ali ozithandayo. Ngakho okokuqala Kwaba khona ukwahlukana Islam. Ngenxa yalokho, thina won abalandeli Abu Bakr. Nakuba Ali wanikezwa isihloko Umbusi wesine, ngisho imithetho Arab sompristi.
Okwesikhathi esithile Sunnis kanye Shiites lisaqhubeka nobudlelwano hlangothi. Nokho, ukuhlukaniswa konyaka 680 phakathi amaSulumane lujule. Iqiniso liwukuthi Karbala (e-Iraq yosuku lwanamuhla), watholakala eshonile indodana Ali Hussein. Ababulali babe amasosha Umbusi elibusayo, ngaleso sikhathi owayese ummeleli Sunnis. Khona-ke kancane kancane silawula yonke imikhakha amandla ezepolitiki kubabusi Sunni. Shiites Kwakudingeka aphile ithunzi futhi uholwe Imams, zazo ngowokuqala 12 esasiyinzalo ngqo ka Ali. Namuhla, Sunnis - iyona evelele igatsha likahulumeni. Akha Iningi amaSulumane. Shia - emancane ngenani (10%). ukunyakaza kwabo zase zigcwele zenkolo e -Arabhiya (ngaphandle eNyakatho Afrika), i-Iran (lapho isikhungo sabo), Azerbaijan, endaweni ethile e-Afghanistan, Tajikistan, nasePakistan.
Ngakho umehluko phakathi Sunnis kusukela Shiites? Womabili la magatsha zenkolo angasuselwa the Prophet Muhammad. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa division yezinkolelo zawo ayabaluleka umehluko more and more. Kuze kube manje, Sunnis kanye Shias ukholwa unkulunkulu oyedwa Allah the Prophet Muhammad babembheka isithunywa Emhlabeni. Akhulekela, washo namazwi ayebonisa ulandele izinsika ezinhlanu (isiko isiko Islam), ukufunda umthandazo kahlanu nsuku zonke, ukuzila ukudla ngesikhathi Ramadan, futhi uziqaphele kuphela umbhalo ngobunyoninco.
Shiites futhi ngihloniphe iKoran uMprofethi Omkhulu. Kodwa hhayi Kuvunyiwe. Abapristi babo babe nekhono ukuhumusha izenzo namazwi ka Muhammad. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Shiites bakholelwa ukuthi Imams yabo - the bakaNkulunkulu emhlabeni, ukuthi lokugcina Imam yeshumi nambili okwamanje "kufihlwe wonke umuntu," kodwa ngolunye usuku uzofika ukufeza intando yaphezulu. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi Sunnis kusukela Shiites ukuthi, ngaphezu Quran Holy, ngisho ngokuphelele uholwe Sunnah, izimfundiso of the Prophet. Lokhu iqoqo imithetho Muhammad kwaba, esekelwe ekuphileni nasezimfundisweni zakhe. Bona ukuzichaza ngokoqobo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha ama amafomu kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Afghanistan, Taliban unake ngisho usayizi izindevu zabesilisa, ngoba konke ayenakho ukuze ihambisane nezidingo Sunnah. Iningi Sunnis cabanga Shiites, "lalibhekisela kubantu," namambuka "infidels." Bakholelwa ukuthi ukubulawa Shia - yindlela ezulwini.
Sunnis kanye Shiites Uchithile ngokuphindaphindiwe igazi nomunye. Izingxabano ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni Muslim ngisho ubutha phakathi Israyeli nama-Arabhu, noma phakathi amaSulumane namazwe aseNtshonalanga, kodwa eside ukwehlukana okwenzeka ngaphakathi Islam uqobo.