Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi "Flow". Unconventional indlela enjabulweni

Ephendula umbuzo othi "Ingabe uyabajabulela?" Abantu abaningi cishe ukuphendula ngokungananazi. Ukuze umuntu ngamunye nomqondo injabulo kuhlanganisa ezicini eziningana ezahlukene. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi isimo nenhlalakahle kuyinto subjective. Kodwa uma injabulo ukhona, okuzodingeka izici ayinakushintshwa futhi ukuphakama? Lo mbuzo uphendulwa ngu sokusebenza kwengqondo Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.

Theory ukusakaza nolwazi yesimanje ngokwengqondo

Iningi zokusebenza kwengqondo e ukuthuthukiswa bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe ingase isekelwe endabeni etholwe ezigulini okungenamsoco - Neurotic. Ngokwesibonelo, psychoanalysis enjalo owaziwa kaFreud.

Labor, okwadala Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - "Flow. Psychology isipiliyoni elilungile "- ubonisa omunye imiqondo abahlonishwa kakhulu isayensi yesimanje ngokwengqondo. Csikszentmihalyi, efana Maslow, kuyinto owaqamba setha legumbi umuntu enempilo. ukugeleza theory uthola isicelo ezihlukahlukene izindawo isicelo. Lokhu ukwelashwa kwengqondo emitholampilo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle izinqubo zemfundo, umsebenzi kwezimilo kanye engamahlongandlebe izaphula-mthetho.

Yini entulekayo Homo sapiens?

Namuhla, abaningi basuke bengekho ngaphandle izizathu lalifanekisela ukuphela nyá kwempucuko European. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuvamile ukhohlwe ngezinga ngentuthuko esikuzuzile. Csikszentmihalyi ugcizelela ikhono lethu uhlasela amaningi kunalawo enabantu, isibonelo, isikhathi laseRoma lasendulo. Yiziphi akukwazi ukwenza umuntu? Impendulo ilula: akakwazanga bajabule. Futhi yini ngaphezulu, kulesi sici, ngisho noma yikuphi ukuqhubeka.

izibalo abanonya ukukhombisa: emazweni ophucukile, kusukela ngekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, kukhona ukwenyuka kancane inani eliphakeme lokuzibulala.

Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe inhlalakahle namasiko yesimanje

Encwadini yakhe ethi usosayensi, ephetha ngokuthi injabulo ngumqondo subjective. Ukwanelisa izidingo omunye umuntu nakanjani ebhekene yokuthi endaweni yabo beze entsha. Inhlalakahle njalo ilele kude izandla. isiko ngalinye uye wafuna ngendlela yalo ukuxazulula le nkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, abanokholo kuNkulunkulu. Kodwa sazi kanjani abantu yena lwalumenza ajabule? Lapho izinkolelo behlulwa, indawo yabo esithathwayo eside kangaka ngokuba okuhle: ingcebo, amandla, futhi ngihlanganyele ubulili. Kodwa ngeke ulethe ukuthula.

Ngakho safunda ukuphila sokwanelisa izidingo zethu ezingokwenyama, kodwa ngokomzwelo. Kusobala ukuthi injabulo buvezwa ngokunembile izimo okusenza uyaphila. Umuntu ngaphandle nophahla phezu kwekhanda lakho akunakwenzeka ukuba azizwe aneliseke. Hhayi ukuzwa intshiseko kakhulu nabantu abahlala endaweni zezombusazwe engazinzile. Futhi-ke, ngeke ajabule ngokugcwele labo abanezinkinga ekuphileni komkhaya.

Sinjani isimo ekucucuzeni kanye nezici zayo

Kodwa, ngakho abantu priori ungakwazi ukuba nokuthula? UNkulunkulu unika ngamunye isiphambano sakhe, ngokuvamile okubonakala okungabekezeleleki.

Csikszentmihalyi ukwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo. Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu kudingeka ukubamba izinyoni injabulo subjective - hhayi ukuba khona abamba ukushisa ne ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo izinkinga. Futhi ngeke babe ngisho isimo ukuphumula. Singathini, uma 1.4% ukuzibulala ukwenza kanjalo ngenxa satiety zokuphila ....

Cha Injabulo kuletha okuhlukile ngokuphelele; Usosayensi ulunika igama "ukugeleza." Incwadi (Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi lithi kuwumphumela izifundo amabili nanhlanu) igxile indlela noma ubani angaba yokulithola. Kuyindida ukuthi kuyasiza yini ngisho lifana ubuhlungu. Lena - Ukuphishekela imigomo.

Kufanele sizizwa sisekhaya efuna ke? Futhi impendulo yalo mbuzo futhi okungekuhle. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi umgijimi zamabutho zokugcina esondela kulo mjaho, kunjani ekhaya esihlalweni.

Isimo lokulawula amandla phezu izenzakalo zokuphila kwakhe futhi echaza Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Stream - iphuzu lapho umuntu eqa amandla akhe; ngaleso sikhathi, lapho ungathola injabulo yangempela.

Kanjani umqondo womuntu usebenza

Iqiniso yobuthina Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi asisoze sifinyelele ukuphepha ephelele futhi ukugcwaliseka kwazo zonke izifiso, uthi Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Ukugeleza ihlukile isimo ukwaneliseka kwesikhashana ukuze yokugcina kungenxa iziphi izici zangaphandle. Kwabanye, izithiyo - uyinto ezingaba ngokuphelele ababhubhise. Kwabanye - ukuthi kwabafaka umfutho icuphe emakamu esiphezulu kanye nombono control.

Consciousness liziphatha ngokukhetha ngenhlonipho kubo bonke kwemvelo Imininingwane ukwehluka. It "engatholwa" kuwo labo izingxenye ezimbili ezikwazi nokuqukethwe kwalo. okuhlushwa Negative kuholela kuphela ukunwetshwa yayo. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu engena isimo wesiyaluyalu yangaphakathi, noma entropy, kunokusebenza injabulo.

Indlela ukungena esimweni ekucucuzeni?

Isimo ngokudala ukucwiliswa ukugeleza emsebenzini, uthi Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Ukuthola Flow muntu udinga ukuba ukwazi ukubona bona kuyefana ukuthi ehambisana amakhono akhe, futhi yinselele. Izinhlobo imisebenzi efana esingenakubalwa. Kungaba yini: imincintiswano kwezemidlalo ahlukahlukene, honing amakhono e zobuciko, umsebenzi ensimini kohwebo, uthi Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Flow Psychology kuyisici esibalulekile: isimo injabulo yangempela akunakwenzeka ngaphandle umzamo omkhulu.

Nakuba lesi simo singenzeka angesabi ezimweni eziningi ngaphandle umzamo abakwazi ukukwenza nangakwazi, asixwayisa ngawo Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Ukusakaza akukhona sisekele labo bangamavila.

Ngakho, ukwaneliseka ngokwazi ukuthi kukhona abantu ayisisekelo idinga - kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila, kodwa kwangaphakathi inhlalakahle kuyinto ensimini ehluke ngokuphelele. "Ukusakaza" - incwadi (Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi ugcizelela jikelele walo), okungaba ukujabula ukufundisa wonke umuntu evela cleaner ukuze bamasheya ezinkampanini zamazwe.