MAZ 5335: imininingwane, izithombe kanye nokuguqulwa

I-MAZ imelela iMinsk Automobile Plant. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iMinsk yidolobha elilodwa kuphela eSoviet Union enezitshalo ezimbili ezihlobene nokuthutha. Kukhona futhi ifakethe yetekisi edolobheni. Isibonakaliso esivelele se-MAZ sinezinhlobo eziningi zokuthutha. Lawa amabhasi, ama-trolleybuses nomndeni wonke wamaloli. Yonke iloli eyaziwa ngokuthi i-KAMAZ imishini yakhe yokumisa imoto yayisuka esitshalweni seMinsk, ukuba ibe ngqo, kusukela ochungechungeni lwama-500, ukuqhubeka okuqondakalayo okuyi-MAZ 5335.

Umlando wesitshalo kubhekwa ukuthi uvela emnyakeni we-post-war, kodwa izakhiwo zawo zokuqala zavela ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Elikhulu. Kusemkhakheni we-MAZ wamanje ukuthi amaJalimane akha umkhiqizo wokulungisa wezimoto ze-Wehrmacht. Impi yaphela, ngemuva kwalokhu isitshalo sakhiwa kabusha, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ze-YaMZ 200, amaloli okuqala ngemuva kwempi, kwadluliselwa lapha. Inguqulo ene-wheel formula 4х2 ishiye eMinsk. Amaloli amathathu ase-Yaroslavl adluliselwa eKremenchug, amaloli eKrAZ ayebuthene endaweni yawo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-Yaroslavl ibanjwe kuphela emotweni. Imishini ye-YaMZ yafakwa cishe kuwo wonke amaloli e-Union, kuhlanganise ne-MAZ 5335, i-hero yokubuyekezwa kwanamuhla.

Ukuzalwa kwe-500th

Ngemva kokuthola imodeli engu-200 evela e-Yaroslavl, izakhamuzi zaseMinsk zazivuselela kancane kancane, futhi ngaphansi kwe- MAZ 200 inkomba yayikhiqizwa ngobuningi kuze kube ngo-1957. NgoFebhuwari, isitshalo seMinsk sathola isimemezelo esivela eMnyango Wezezimoto Zokukhiqiza Ukwakha imoto entsha. Futhi nakuba lesi sitshalo saqhubeka sikhiqiza i-MAZ 200, ngonyaka ofanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesimodeli esisha, esathola i-index 500, yaqala ukuthuthukisa ngesivinini esigcwele. Zonke izinguqulo ezalandela, kanti uMinsk akazange ahlele ukumisa iloli elilodwa kuphela, kufanele athole izinkomba eziqala ngo-50 Isibonelo, iloli yokulahla kwakudingeka uthole inkomba ye-503, ugandaganda - 504, njll. (501 no-502 bahlala esigabeni sokudweba).

Isixazululo esisha

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amaloli alawo minyaka akhiwe ngesimiso kamuva esibizwa ngokuthi "i-classic". Okokuqala, i-power unit ifakwa kuhlaka - yiyona injini nokulawula uhlelo, bese kuthi ikolishi, emva kwalokho kuphela ingxenye enkulu yeloli - umzimba ufakwe ngegebe. Ufuna imoto engaphezulu - yenza uhlaka lude.

Kulula ukubona ukuthi imodeli engu-500 ekhonjiswe kulesibalo ngenhla ihlangene ngesisekelo esihlukile. UMinsk wanquma ukuzama inguqulo entsha - ephakathi, lapho iklabhu idluliselwa ku-unit unit, ngenxa yalokho okwakungenzeka ukufaka umzimba omude kuhlaka. Kodwa kule phrojekthi yokugcina yahamba inketho yesithathu, futhi nguyena osebenzisa imoto MAZ 5335 nayo yonke intuthuko yamaloli e-Union. Kule nguqulo entsha, injini yayingaphansi kwekhamera, futhi ukuyilungisa yayixhomeke phambili. Lesi sakhiwo sasinezimfanelo eziningana ezinhle, okunye okwakungokwenyuka kwamandla okuphatha cishe ngo-2000 kg; Inzuzo yesibili kwakuwukuthi ubude befreyimu abukashintshi.

Ukuhamba okuhlukile

Ngo-1960, i-MAZ 200P ne-MAZ 200M (ngokulandelana, i-onboard kanye ne-trekta) ivela. Iqoqwe eminyakeni emihlanu elandelayo, ithola izinyathelo ezintsha ezihlelwe kumodeli we-500. Isibonelo sokuqala sokukhiqiza 500 sivela emgqeni wendibano ngoMashi 1965, futhi ngoDisemba wonyaka ofanayo, uhlelo lwe-200 luvaliwe ngokomthetho. Imoto yokugcina ihamba ngezinyawo futhi iba yisikhumbuzo embukisweni wefektri.

Qala ukukhiqizwa

I-version elandelayo yale model entsha ye-500-th yakhululwa ngo-1970. Igama lekhodi yi-MAZ 500A. Umehluko walo oyinhloko kwakuyindawo yokuhlola yesimanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wawuhlanganisa ukulungiswa okuncane kakhulu, kodwa kuphelele kwaba yimoto, encane kakhulu kunombonisi ngobukhulu, kodwa inkulu kumthwalo wokulayisha kanye nesivinini esiphezulu. Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, lesi sitshalo siqoqa izimpendulo nezifiso kubanikazi bezinguquko eziguquliwe ze-model, futhi ngo-1977 imodeli elandelayo ibonakala - iloli ebhodini MAZ 5335.

Leli fayela liphindaphindiwe ngokuphindaphindiwe nge-500A (ngaphandle kweyodwa ingxenye, engaphansi - ngezansi), kodwa ngaphakathi kwayo imoto ehluke ngokuphelele. Ukuphepha kwabonga ngenxa yesistimu ye-brake ehlukile, induduzo yekhabhinethi yanda, ezinye imininingwane zashintsha, ngenxa yalokho zonke izilinganiso zobuchwepheshe nezomnotho zombuso zithuthukisiwe.

Umehluko wangaphandle

Ephendula izicelo zamakhasimende, kanye nokuvumelanisa namazinga aseYurophu, isitshalo kwakudingeka sishintshe izici zangaphandle ze-MAZ 5335. Izinguquko ikakhulukazi zithinta ukubonakala kwekhabhinethi, enye imingcele yashintshwa kusukela ku-version 500A. Okokuqala, kwavela uphawu lwesitimela ephahleni, okwaholela ekubhujisweni kwezintambo kuso. Owesibini, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ushintsho lwathinta ama-optics. Izibani zekhanda zihanjiswe ku-bumper. Lokhu kusetha kwalungisa izinkinga ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukubeka okuphezulu kwezibani zezimoto zangaphambilini ebumnyameni kwakha inkinga yezimoto ezizayo. Izibani ezihamba phambili zixazulule le nkinga, ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhundla esisha sanikeza ukukhanya okungcono komgwaqo.

Ngenxa yalokhu kuguqulwa, i- radiator grille ye- MAZ 5335 entsha isibe sikhulu, kodwa sibukeka kuphela. Ukulinganisa kwe-radiator kwahlala kufana nokusebenza kwemishini yokuqala ye-500th model. Ukwandisa kuyisipiliyoni. I-plug yensimbi ngaphansi kwezibonakaliso zokuvala ivala izindawo ezingenalutho lapho izibani zamakhanda zisetshenziswa khona.

Ukuguqulwa 5335

Ngaphandle kwamamodeli amaningana ahlukene, yonke imishini eyakhiwe ngaphambilini ngesisekelo seloli ebhodini ithole izinhlawulo ezintsha.

• Isitimela esisha saloli elisha sathola indebe 5429.
• Iloli lokulahla lithole 5549.
• I-chassis ebuyekeziwe yokufakwa kwezinye izidumbu zathola inkomba ka-5534.

Ama-indices angenakuqhathaniswa ahlala emizimbeni emibili, lokhu kuyi-carrier carrier - imodeli engu-509. Imodeli yesibili, eyathola uphawu olusha ngemuva kokuguqulwa egameni elidala, kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngokuhlukile. Ngaphandle kwesici esisodwa, kwakuyi-MAZ 5335 efanayo.

Isisindo salesi simodeli sasingaphezu kwesithathu kweloli ebhodini, futhi silinganiselwa ku-25,000 kg. Lo mshini wenzelwe njengenguqulo ethuthukisiwe yesisekelo, futhi yaba yindlela eyodwa kuphela ye-ax-imodeli yemboni yezimoto zeMinsk. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakuyiyo imoto yokuqala, eyabona ukuthi kungenzeka ukunciphisa i-axle yangemuva. Ukuthuthukiswa ngesisekelo samamodeli angu-500 kwakuthiwa ngu-516. Ngokwemvelo ka-5335 kwaphenduka i-516B (ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi ngu-516A).

Ukugcwalisa

Ekhuluma ngenguqulo ethuthukisiwe, sekuyisikhathi sokucabangela imingcele yomthamo oyinhloko - MAZ 5335. Izici zobuchwepheshe zezimoto zashintsha izikhathi eziningana, kodwa ekugcineni isitshalo simile kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Ukuphatha amandla - 8000 kg, isisindo se-trailer esivunyelwe - 12000.
• Ubude - 7140 mm, ububanzi - 2500, imvume yokuma komhlaba - 290 mm.
• Isivinini esiphezulu esingu-85 km / h sinikezwa i- YaMZ 236 idizili (ubukhulu bombuso we- piston 130 mm, uhlangothi olusebenzayo - 140 mm) ngenani elisebenzayo lama-11.5 amalitha.
• Umthamo we-tank ungama-200 amalitha.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli kungama-22 amalitha ngamakhilomitha ayikhulu.

Kuye ngesibonelo, lezi zici zingahluka kancane. Isibonelo, ububanzi be-5549 (i-dumper), njengobude, bube bukhulu kancane.

Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, izici zazo zonke izinguquko ziphinda zichaze imininingwane eyisisekelo, okuyinto iloli ebhodini. Ukubambisana kwe-MAZ 5335, njengezinye izingxenye, akushiywanga ngengozi. Kusetshenziselwa isimiso esomile se-disc-double, esivumela ukushintshwa kwamagesi ngaphansi komthwalo, owadlula kumanothi okuqala ochungechunge lwama-500.

Isiphetho

Amaloli wesibonelo se-500th acatshangelwa kahle ikhasi elikhanyayo emlandweni weMinsk Automobile Plant. Kwakukuthuthukiswa ngokuphelele kwezakhamuzi zaseMinsk, okwaqala ukusebenza emisebenzini eyalandela, owokuqala owawuyi-MAZ 5335. Isithombe salolu lililo sinikezwe ngenhla, ekubuyekezweni, kodwa ngokujwayelekile, le nguqulo ayilona into ekhethekile. Noma kunjalo, yaba isibonelo sokuvumela amaloli kaMinsk avele emigwaqweni yeYurophu.