Master e Kyrgyzstan

Dobaev KD Ph.D., uProfesa

Ukuqaliswa izinhlelo zokuqeqesha Master e Kyrgyzstan

Ngemva isinqumo Government of the Kyrgyz Republic № 496 "Ngo esungula lokuhleleka kabili uqimba imfundo ephakeme we Kyrgyz Republic" kuye kwaba kuka ngonyaka. Ngaphambi lesi sinqumo e Kyrgyzstan iye yazuza okuhlangenwe nakho nekusetjentiswa kwetinhlelo wenkosi sika ukuqeqesha abanye amayunivesithi Kyrgyzstan. Ngokwesibonelo, ku-izinkomba Pedagogical izinhlelo Masters wasebenza ngawo Kyrgyz State University yaqanjwa I. Arabaev, izitayela kwezomnotho Kyrgyz National University yaqanjwa J. Balasagyn njll Ngokuvamile, Kyrgyzstan manje bakha umqondo ocacile kanye umzuzile okuhlangenwe nakho iziqu kanye Uhlelo yenkosi yakhe.

Ngokomthetho "Kwezemfundo" e Kyrgyzstan Masters uthathwa njengomgcini imfundo yesibili ephakeme futhi ngenxa yalokho kungenzeka njengoba kuboniswa cwaningo, cishe 50% abafundi ezinhlelweni zeMasters ube isiqondiso futhi babhalisele uhlelo kude imfundo lokuqala ephakeme. Ngokwesibonelo, umfundi iziqu idigri kwi "Master" futhi wangena degree yenkosi e "Umnotho" futhi izibonelo ezinjalo eziningi. Lokhu waphinda kuqinisekisa ukuthi umbono ocacile ngezindinganiso iziqu nezinhlelo ze-master.

Ngakho, ngokusekelwe amathuluzi international, kuhlanganise imibhalo ayisisekelo senqubo Bologna, singasho ukuthi Masters - ezingeni lemfundo elandela impohlo. Ngokulandelana - ezingeni eliphakeme, lapho izidingo eziphoqelelwe iziqu okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokwanele. Graduate iziqu kufanele ifa zamakhono yokuthi kuzokwenza ukuba usebenze, edinga amakhono ezikhethekile kakhudlwana, ezithinta ulwazi olujulile theory, ie onguchwepheshe ne imfundo professional ayisisekelo.

Ngezinye imfundo eyisisekelo ephakeme busa yomthetho jikelele, noma kunalokho jikelele, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ekulungiseleleni Bachelors ligxile ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ezivamile futhi jikelele ukuthi iphesenti imayelana 70%, kanye ekulungiseleleni izinhlelo zeMasters igcile ucwaningo nentuthuko kwemakhono latsite okhokhelwayo. zamakhono Comprehensive noma jikelele ekufundiseni ngendlela magistracy esakhiwe ngokuhlanganisa izifundo yokuqokwa ngesicelo abafundi ngokwabo.

Ngakho, ngubani master? Magister (lat.) - umeluleki, uthisha, umholi. Enguqulweni Russian - "ingcweti of izikebhe wakhe." ERoma lasendulo, isikhulu ebalulekile izikhundla 50. Izinto zesimanje uhlelo wamaNgisi namaMelika ka imfundo ephakeme "master" oluthatha isikhundla Lesisemkhatsini phakathi "Bachelor" futhi "udokotela".

Kuyini isimo yeMantshi e Kyrgyzstan? Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla ukuthi inkosi Kyrgyz Republic isakhasa,. Emphakathini asinayo kube nekucondza ngalokufanako Master futhi bambalwa abantu unombono izinhlelo yenkosi yakhe. Ngokuvamile, ukuqeqeshwa sezinga ezimbili imfundo professional impohlo inkosi iyisici entsha ukuze isistimu yethu. Thina ngokuyisisekelo waqeqeshwa okukhethekile, okusho imodeli zezifundo igcile ukulungiswa onguchwepheshe ethize: engineer, umakhi, wezakhiwo, umfundisi isiRashiya nezincwadi, njll Man kokuthola idigri kwi okukhethekile ngokukhethekile ukukutholela kule okukhethekile endaweni efanayo kuze kuba uthatha umhlalaphansi. Ngokuvamile emphakathini kwakuzwakala "encwadini yomsebenzi irekhodi eyodwa kuphela," okungukuthi, ukuthi umuntu uye wasebenza endaweni eyodwa futhi kwenye okukhethekile.

Ukuze umphakathi zezimboni inqubo enjalo impela Isenzakalo esingokwemvelo, kodwa hhayi ngenxa umphakathi post-ezimbonini. ulwazi kuba more "ofayo" emphakathini post-ezimbonini. Njengoba u-Alvin Toffler wathi: "Namuhla yokuthi yokuba besimo yakusasa Akulona ukuphikisana ukuhlolwa amaqiniso noma idatha - neze. Nokho, umphakathi lapho umuntu eshintsha imisebenzi, indawo yokuhlala, ukuxhumana nomphakathi, njll It inamathela kakhulu nekusebenta imfundo. Lesi sikole bakusasa kufanele ukunikeza ulwazi hhayi kuphela, kodwa nokuthi ukwenze kanjani ukusebenza naso. Abafundi nabafundi kumele bafunde ukulahla imibono ubudala, ukwazi ukuba esikhundleni saso kungene nini futhi kanjani. Ngamafuphi, kudingeka ufunde indlela ukufunda futhi relearn. indoda Babengafundile bakusasa ngeke umuntu abangakwazi ukufunda, futhi labo abangenzanga wafunda indlela lafundza ngayo. "

Kulezi zimo, ezingeni MA, okuyinto empeleni yayo kuyinto inkontileka multivariant kanye nezimo, esesikhundleni isakhiwo izinguquko okusheshayo kunamanye amazinga imfundo iya ethandwa kakhulu. Man kokuba ngokuthola imfundo eyisisekelo zase-ke ukuphila okusekelwe izidingo zabantu ngabanye futhi funa umphakathi kungathatha ezingeni zeMasters ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. ukuqeqeshwa Okungukuthi Master iba izinga lemfundo evumela umuntu kabusha eMpumalanga ngokwabo ukuphila kwenye indawo noma isifunda. Futhi ngakho sikholelwa Master izinkomba kufanele kube nenala. Bafanele ezikhethekile ngaphezulu ayingqalasizinda kunamanye imikhakha yemfundo.

Bachelor ezingeni, njengoba sazi, ngaphezulu zilandele izilinganiso ezithile nge isethi efanayo ngamakhono, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiqondiso ukuqeqeshwa, okusho impohlo ileveli jikelele ngaphezulu futhi ngesizathu esihle, alolu ibizwa ngokuthi ezingeni eliyisisekelo lemfundo ephakeme.

izinhlelo Master kufanele kube kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa nokwamukelwa izinhlelo zeMasters kufanele kube izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme endaweni ngayinye ngokwehlukana, kucatshangelwa isimo izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho kanye funa emakethe yezabasebenzi. Ngo izinhlelo Master short abathile kakhulu futhi umkhuba ngamakhasimende. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zemfundo ephakeme nekutfutfukiswa kwetinhlelo zeMasters kumele zithobele imingcele babeka phansi izakhiwo standard isimo wokufundisa ephakeme imfundo professional Master ezingeni evunywe Isinqumo Government of 23.08.2011g.

Namuhla e Kyrgyzstan, ngokulandela isiqondiso wenkosi ukuqeqeshwa sekukhona: ucwaningo, okuyinto zihlose kakhulu ukulungiselela ukucwaninga kwesayensi, ngemva iziqu ukuya iziqu esikoleni ukuze kuvikelwe iziphakamiso yenkosi futhi zobudokotela. Isiqondiso wesibili ahlangene nemfundiso, okuyinto iqembu labantu ngamabomu eze magistracy, ukuthi asebenze sokufundela wehlelo lefundo zombelele. Futhi ekugcineni, endaweni yesithathu lincane ngaphezulu, ezikhethekile, okuyinto ziyaqhubeka ukuqeqesha labo abafisa ujulisa futhi wandisa ulwazi lwabo ukufunda kwangaphambilini.

Zonke lezi zinkombandlela ukuqeqeshwa weNkosi, yebo, kwaba sobala angesabi ngesisekelo izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho kuleli zwe. Kodwa phakathi kwazo zonke izinkomba-ndlela, iningi labo ukufunda uhlelo yenkosi ukuze eminye yokwemukela iziqu esikoleni futhi ukuxhumanisa imisebenzi yabo esikhathini esizayo imisebenzi zokufundisa noma ucwaningo. Sikholelwa ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa zemvelo, lapho izimo zomnotho, futhi ngokunembile emnothweni Kyrgyz ungaphakathi esibucayi ojulile kungenzeka, ngakho isiqondiso yesithathu, okungukuthi lunye, fundamentalization odlule yokufunda emfundweni amayunithi.

Ngakusasa udaba kubaluleke kakhulu uma sikhuluma iziqu nezinhlelo zeMasters okuqukethwe sezemfundo. Uhlaziyo eyenziwa Centre of imfundo efanele Kyrgyz Academy lwezindaba Ezemfundo kusikisela ukuthi namuhla abanye kwezinkambiso ezithile ngokuqinile kuchaziwe nokubhalwa kohlelo okuqukethwe zeNkosi Kyrgyzstan khona. Nakuba kukhona ezingeni i kwepulani yenkosi, okuyinto, kwacaca ukuthi namanje namuhla nemingcele main e ngesisekelo. Kuyinto kweminyaka emibili engifundela, credits 120, omunye Ikhredithi amahora 30, imijikelezo ezintathu, okuyilezi: umjikelezo jikelele yesayensi, umjikelezo professional, umkhuba futhi ucwaningo, futhi okungenani u-40% base ingxenye. Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, zikhona izinhlelo master nge ezahlukene target kulungiselelwa. Kanjani, isibonelo, kube uhlelo lapho Igxila ezikhethekile, esikhathini esingamahora anga-ukuqeqeshwa? Yini okufanele ibe ingxenye eyala zezemfundo kulesi simo? Bangaki credits kufanele zabelwe cwaninga, njll

Lapho ukhuluma ngani indlela ngamakhono kwezemfundo, Ngakho-ke, ekulungiseleleni degrees yenkosi, kumele kunqunywe, okuyinto abaluthole kufanele washayelwa ekupheleni izinhlelo yenkosi kule noma ukuthi isiqondiso. Zonke lezi zinkinga zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela futhi ucwaningo.

Kufinyeta okungenhla wathi, sinikeza okulandelayo:

1. Ukuze ukwethula izichibiyelo zomthetho "Kwezemfundo", okuyinto ngokucacile ebekwe endaweni kanye nesimo iziqu ohlelweni lwezemfundo. Master akuyona besigaba sesibili, futhi ezingeni lesibili lemfundo elithe xaxa. Injongo eyinhloko yawo Master - lokhu kuqeqeshwa begxile kakhulu emsebenzini ucwaningo futhi ufuna ukuqhubeka nemfundo yabo iziqu ukuvikela master futhi zobudokotela iziphakamiso. okungukuthi ke luyoshesha uzivumelanisa nezimo, kokubili theory kanye umkhuba, kahle nangempumelelo usebenzisa amandla ayo ngokwesayensi. Ngamanye amazwi, injongo iziqu njengoba izinga lemfundo yesibili wukuhlinzeka nemibandela kumiswa ephezulu okhokhelwayo. Lokhu-ke kunqunywa ukuthuthukiswa software ye theory kanye umkhuba womsebenzi lwesayensi olusekelwe Ukulifunda ngijule sensimu wakhetha bebodwa.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola kokugcina iziqu iziqu kufanele iqukathe izinyathelo ezimbili ezilandelanayo: 1) ukuhlolwa Master; 2) ukulungiselela kanye ukuvikela mqondo.

luhlolo Master kufanele lifake izivivinyo okungenani ezimbili: indlela yesayensi kanye iphrofayili ukuhlolwa.

mqondo Ukuvikelwa zeMasters kumele ibe sobala iqhaza ochwepheshe emkhakheni.

2. I-Ministry of Education and Science we Kyrgyz Republic kuyadingeka ukuchaza imfundo eyisisekelo, uma kungenzeka ukuqeqeshwa ezinhlelweni yenkosi, njengoba akuzona zonke amanyuvesi anganikeza ezingeni ukuqeqeshwa master. Kuze kube manje, kukhona izikole lapho kukhona izinhlelo yenkosi, kodwa akukho zobudokotela kwiphrofayli zohlelo. Thina e Kyrgyzstan iye yathuthukiswa kwabanye, isimo sengqondo engasindi enkosini. Uma ubheka umlando kumiswa yeMantshi e-Russia (sigxila imodeli Russian), ngemva kokuphothula iziqu wanika iziqu ezifundweni likaprofesa noma Uprofesa ekstroordinarnogo.

Ngakho-ke Nobufakazi ukuphathwa nge mes KR kuzomele ubuyekeze iziqondiso amalayisense ukuvumela ukusebenza kwe-Magistracy.

3. Kufanele angashintshwa kusakhiwo ukwamukele indinganiso wokufundisa ephakeme professional imfundo ezingeni "Master".

Izinga sibeka ukuthi ingxenye yomsebenzi ozimele kumele kungabi ngaphansi kuka-80% umthwalo ingqikithi hlelo, nokuthi zonke Umfundi kufanele athuthukise uhlelo ngabanye ukuqeqeshwa phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokutadisha evunywe Academic Council.

imininingwane Okuningi ukupenda isitifiketi sekugcina seluhlelo Master. Uma lezi anezele futhi kuthuthukiswa indlela esiqonda zizokwenziwa izinhlelo zeMasters kuphela abayozuza kulo.

4. Uma kuhlelelwa ngezifiso zokuqeqesha amanyuvesi ngokwabo ukucacisa lokho okusebenza kufanele abunjwe ekupheleni ukuqeqeshwa, njengesisekelo ukuthatha labo abaluthole ezisohlwini namazinga isimo sezemfundo. Futhi labo abaluthole ukuthi emelelwa amazinga isimo sezemfundo yokufundisa izinkomba Kahle ezingeni kudingeka sitadishe olunemininingwane ethe xaxa. I-Centre for izinkinga Professional Education Kao sisebenzela ukuba uthuthukise ukuqhubeka abaluthole ethile, kamuva izothunyelwa ngenjongo yokuqhubeka nengxoxo.

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