Likuphi sitimela lesidze kakhulu emhlabeni

Iwashi phezu nojantshi zomhlaba kushesha ujantshi izitimela. Statisticians balinganisela ukuthi unyaka ngamunye emhlabeni wonke kuthiwa zithutha abagibeli abangaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20 futhi bangaphezu kuka-10 000 000 000 000 amathani wezimpahla. Uma ungeza ndawonye zonke eside ibanga ngohambo ngonyaka, nenani kuyoba ulingana linemibhikisho ngezigidi ezingu-66 emhlabeni Earth. Kodwa akugcini lapho sibuka izinto abaphumelele kuzo ukuthi kukhona imishini lokhonako ukucabanga. Uma phezulu nojantshi ezintathu obuphelele kuhlanganisa-United States, eChina naseRussia, ukunqoba kule ukuqokwa "sitimela lesidze kakhulu emhlabeni" lokulwa nakwamanye amazwe.

Amaqhawe Afrika neChina

Umzamo ukuqoqa duty ezisindayo futhi evulekile ngesitimela esithwala impahla senziwa ngo-1991 eNingizimu Afrika. Ngu amakhanda amaningi 660 izinqola enamathiselwe, ibanga kusukela ekhanda kuya umsila ujantshi izitimela senzelwe ukuthuthwa nsimbi kwaba 7.2 km. Kubikwa ukuthi lo mdondoshiya ukwenze run eyodwa nje, ngemva kwalokho, wasusa u.

Abazikhandlayo abantu Chinese akazange ukuxosha nobubanzi ububanzi, okuqukethwe nemiphumela nesizotha more. Kodwa emigwaqweni of the Empire, Celestial, futhi namuhla iqalisa isitimela eside kunabo 210 nezimoto Imininingwane obuphelele ne izinjini 3 amakhilomitha kanye nomthamo 20 000 wamathani. Kuhloswe ukuthi isitimela ngoba ukuthuthwa kwamalahle nezinto zokwakha.

Lo mncintiswano phakathi US neRussia

E-United States isitimela ngobukhulu ubhekwa ingxenye ubude 5.6 km, enomnikazi Union Pacific. Nokho, kuphela kube nomhlangano zokuhlola wadalwa 2010 ngenhloso ukuhlola amandla amakhanda amasha. Izincwajana zemininingwane, ukwenza indiza eyodwa kusukela Dallas ukuba Long Beach, ngokushesha ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana.

Kodwa iSoviet Union ngo-80s emigwaqweni Kuzbass wathutha ngesitimela esithwala impahla ngezimoto 439, yokuhlala 43,5 thous. Amathani amalahle. Ubude lokhu sondo wesitimela kwaba 6.5 amakhilomitha, okuyinto kakhulu kwanciphisa izinga ukunyakaza nje uma eqhathaniswa naso izitimela ezivamile.

imidondoshiya Australian

izwekazi Green futhi inama olude isitokwe ugingqe emhlabeni, okuyinto is owned by Rio Tinto nkampani yezimayini. Isitimela esetshenziswa ukuthutha insimbi ngenkathi sandwiching amathani 29.500 wezimpahla. Ukuletha into ukunyakaza enkulu ngemuva izinqola nge Ubude 2.4 km exhunyiwe ezintathu esitimela ezinamandla, okuyinto push isakhiwo phambi kwakhe.

Omunye umlando kungokwalabo nkampani Australian BHP Billiton, futhi onguchwepheshe yezimayini. Lapha-ke eziqhutshwa isitimela lwezinqola 365, ubude 3.2 amakhilomitha, bakwazi ukuthutha uhambo olulodwa kuze kufinyelele 44 500 amathani wezimpahla. Ukuyisa endaweni giant, kuthatha amakhanda nelesithupha. Nokho, lesi akusona isitimela ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

I-giant kusukela Mauritania

Isihloko "elide kakhulu ngesitimela esithwala impahla" ngokufanelekile kungokwalabo izitimela ehamba ujantshi omncane e-Republic of Mauritania, esemgwaqweni eNtshonalanga Afrika. Ingxenye ubude umzila km 700 sidlula kwezihlabathi ogwadule eSahara. Kusukela esiteshini kuyaqala ukuba isitimela ihamba 21 ihora ukuphela iphuzu.

Ubude ingqikithi izimoto ezingamakhulu amabili, amakhanda kulawulwa ezine, kuze 2.5 km. Ngezinye izikhathi indlela yokwakheka exhunyiwe omunye izimoto 10, bese kukhula ubude bayo by amamitha angu-300. Isitimela isetshenziswa amalahle nowoyela amathangi. Kukhona futhi izinqola ukuze kusetshenziselwe abagibeli. Kodwa abantu bendawo engathandi ukukhokhela uhambo, ikakhulu iya iziqukathi lezimpahla nakanjani free futhi akusho kungqubuzana nemithetho yezwe.

Sverhvmestitelnye izitimela esihamba abathanda

Omude kunayo yonke owake isitimela sabagibeli ehlanganisa izinqola 70, ubude 1.6 km, enomnikazi National sesitimela Inkampani nezwe laseBelgium. Isitimela wenza indiza eyodwa ephakathi kwamadolobha iGhent futhi Ostend, odlule emhlabeni ngokukhulu ukudabukisa kancane kuka amakhilomitha ayisithupha. Kwakuyisikhathi eyodwa-off esiza abantulayo umcimbi, yonke imali lapho waya Research Institute Foundation, lapho sibhekene nezinkinga of Oncology. Irekhodi eyayibekwe ngo-1991, kubika on uhambo elingavamile isitimela bukhoma kumabonakude waseBelgium.

Omude kunayo yonke owake ogibele isitimela kodwa sisebenza namuhla, kubhekwa Elithi Ghan, eziphathelene imizi eminingana Australia. Ngokuvamile 16─26 exhunyiwe kuya izimoto esitimela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi inani lingafika ku 99 izingcezu, okwandisa ubude isitimela kufika ku-1.2 amakhilomitha. Lokhu giant uchitha ngendlela izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili, ubude umzila - mayelana u 3000 km.

Ukunqoba encane iwine futhi Russian "Sapsan", ezazihamba emzileni eMoscow ─ Petersburg. Ngo-2014-ke walinganisa ubude izinyanda ezimbili izimoto 20. Isibalo 500,2 m bavunyelwe "Sapsan" Uthole ukuqokwa "sitimela lesidze kakhulu emhlabeni in high-ngesivinini isitokwe ugingqe."

Umholi ngokuphelele phakathi nabo esinesithunzi

impumelelo kakhulu okukhulu emkhakheni wesitimela zokuthutha basonta e-Australia. Mining Company BHP ngo-2001 umkhankaso sitimela lesidze kakhulu emhlabeni, ohlanganisa Yandi okungokwami kanye edolobheni lasePort Hedland engxenyeni esentshonalanga zaleli zwekazi Green. Ukwakheka ngezimoto 682 ngilulekela ngoba 7.3 amakhilomitha ukuze kuhlale abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-181 amakhilogremu nsimbi.

Ubude isisindo giant laden safinyelela amathani 99,734. Kuhanjiswe indlela yayo ka 275 km, amakhanda eziyisishiyagalombili General Electric AC6000CW nomthamo 6000 amalitha. a. ngamunye.

Namuhla, leli rekhodi akuyona washaywa yinoma ubani. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze endaweni ethile zastuchat Emasondvo komzila entsha super-izitimela emhlabeni.