Lemming: incazelo, indlela yokuphila. Kuphi i-lemming ehlala endle?

Umndeni onamahloni unezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene, kufakwe kulolu hlu olukhulu nesilwane esincane, ogama lakhe lingu-lemming. Lapho lesi sidalwa esiphila khona siphila, ukuthi siyondla kanjani, sizalwa kanjani, ungafunda konke lokhu kulesi sihloko. Amagundane amancane afana nokubukeka kanye nendlela yokuphila yama-voles nama-hamsters. I-taurus yesilwane ifakwe ngoboya obuhlukahlukene, ngenxa yokuthi yathola igama lesibili - i-polar motley.

I-Lemming: incazelo

Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngendlela yokuphila yesilwane esibizwa ngokuthi i-lemming, lapho isilwane siphila nokuthi siyinikela, cabanga ngalokho i-motley rodent ibukeka ngayo. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zalezi zidalwa eziphefumulayo ezaziwa emhlabeni. Zonke zazo zifana kakhulu, uma ungaqapheli umehluko omncane.

Umzimba we-pestle uyingcosana, kodwa ubukhulu, ubude bawo buba ngu-15 cm. Umsila usemncane (2 cm), ama-paws amfushane, izindlebe cishe azibonakali, zifihliwe embusweni. Uboya obunombala obuphuzi obunombala, ngemuva ungumnyama kakhulu futhi ungaba yi-variegated noma i-gray-brown.

Ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi i- lemming ye-ungulate, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, ebusika, i-claws ikhula ngokujulile ezibunzini. Ngenxa yokuthi "izinselo" ezinjalo isilwane sikhiqiza ukudla, sithatha iqhwa.

Uphi i-lemming (ububanzi) obuhlala khona

Lo mntwana okhukhulayo angathatha izimpande noma yikuphi lapho kunezitshalo. Ngakho imibuzo mayelana nokuthi i-lemmings ihlala kuphi, lapho ihlala khona endaweni, ingaphendulwa egameni elilodwa - yonke indawo. Nakuba kukhona, yiqiniso, izindawo lapho lo mboni onamandla futhi ongenakwazi ukuhlala khona. Zonke izinhlobo ze-lemmings ziyashintshwa ukuze zibe nezimo ezinzima kakhulu.

Indawo yokuhlala kwayo unomphela insimu ye-tundra ye-Eurasia neNyakatho Melika. Iziqhingi zase-Arctic Ocean, i-rodent enhle nayo yahlonishwa ngokuba khona kwayo. Kukhona futhi izindawo lapho kutholakala khona i-lemming endaweni yesogwini ye-Arctic kusukela oLwandle Olubomvu kuya eBering. Lesi silwane kubhekwa njengabahlali bomdabu waseNovaaya Zemlya, i- Novosibirsk Islands, iNyakatho YaseNyakatho ne- Wrangel Islands. Manje uyazi lapho i-lemmings ihlala khona.

Indlela yokuphila

Izinhlobo ze-polar zithinta izimila ze-tundra, zakha uhlobo lwe-microrelief. Okwenza lokhu kwenzeke, ungathola ngokucubungula umbuzo wendawo lapho i-lemmings ihlala khona, kuphi nokuthi ingahlela kanjani ikhaya labo.

Lezi zinduku zihlala emagumbini ukuthi zigobe ngokwazo. Ukuhlala kwe-lemmings kufana nesigodini esinamaphutha amaningi, ngenxa yalokhu, ezindaweni lapho eziningi izilwane ezinjalo, ukusizwa kwenhlabathi kuyashintsha. Ezingxenyeni, lezi zidleke ezinamafu zihlala izidleke zazo. Esikhathini esifudumele ngaphansi komhlaba, nasebandleni lokushisa ebusika - ngaphansi kwekhava leqhwa.

Lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele futhi ilanga likhanya, ama-pie angase abonakale egijima phakathi kwama-bumps noma ehlezi eduze ne-mink. Lo mbono uhlekisa kakhulu! Lesi silwane sibukeka sihleka, sihlezi phansi, kanti i-lemming ishesha ukugubha izimbungulu nezinyembezi, zizama ukuthusa izitha ezinokwenzeka ngezenzo ezinjalo.

Lapho befuna ukutholakala kwe-pestle, amabanga amade avame ukudlula, ahamba ngezinyawo. Uma ubona lokhu ukufuduka kusuka ngaphandle, kubonakala sengathi umhlambi wonke uyahamba. Konke ngenxa yokuthi ama-rodents amaningi ahamba ngendlela eyodwa. Ukuhamba, izimila ziyakwazi ukugibela amachibi, abagibeli bahle kakhulu. Baphinde bawele ngaphandle kokwesaba noma iyiphi indawo abahlangana ngayo endleleni. Nakuba emgwaqweni izilwane eziningi zifa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuphila okwejwayelekile kwezimbali ezihamba nge- polar iminyaka emibili.

Yini eyaziwa yi-lemmings?

Ukudla kwesilwane esinezinhlanzi kuncike lapho i-lemmings ihlala khona. Isisekelo sondla yizitshalo ezithintekayo , noma kunalokho, izingxenye zazo ezithambile. Ubumnandi obathandayo buyotshani nobotini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-lemmings ngenjabulo adla amahlumela amancane namaqabunga e-willow ne-birch, ama-moss, ama-blueberry, ama-cloudberries namanye amajikijolo.

Ukudla kudinga okuningi okuhlukahlukene, naphezu kobukhulu bawo obukhulu. Phakathi nosuku, ama-lemmings adla ukudla okunengi okwedlula isisindo sabo ngesigamu. Uma ubala unyaka wonke, uzothola cishe u-50 kg wokudla.

Ukukhiqiza

Izilonda zesilisa azikho umuntu ohlala ekhaya, akalokothi ahlale esidlekeni, ahlale egijima efuna ukudla. Insikazi inomnotho okwedlulele, eneminyaka eyizinyanga ezimbili usevele ekwazi ukushada, ephethe amalitha ayisithupha ngonyaka, ngamunye onama-5-6 ezincane.

Amantombazane azalwa angenasici futhi ayimpumputhe, izinsuku ezivulekile emva kuka-10-13. Ezinsukwini ezingu-12-15, izingane ezinhle ziphuma esidlekeni bese zihlala ngokuzimela.

Ukuluma kuletha inzalo ngisho nobusika, ukuhlela ngaphansi kwezidleke zeqhwa ezinotshani ezinokuhamba okuningi. Ukuvuselelwa okunjalo okusheshayo kwemigqa yezithelo ezihlukahlukene kulimaza umhlaba wesitshalo. Imvelo, njengoba inikeze lesi sici samagundane, ukukhiqizwa okukhawulelwe okusheshayo ngesikhathi esisodwa iminyaka eminingana.