Lezi zinkomo - ubani lo? Highlanders: inkululeko-abathandi bemvelo

Lezi zizwe ziningi hhayi ulwazi eziningi kangaka ezithakazelisayo, njengoba sekuyisikhathi eside zithanda ukuhlala ngedwa futhi ngokuhlanganyela nemvelo. Ngobani bezintaba? Lokhu kuyoba nesihloko oyinhloko ocwaningweni lwethu.

indaba enkulu

Ekhulwini leminyaka eledlule, abantu abaningi-Russian azulazula expanses enkulukazi ukuvula HORIZONS esifundeni kanye emaqeleni, banqoba edlulela emasimini amasha. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala lo Highlanders uya kude emuva ku umlando. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII, yethu okhokho-bezwe aye ibhange kwesokudla Kuban - emfuleni eNorthern eCaucasus. Sabona isithombe sokuxazulula abantu bethi bezintaba. Ngakho kuqala kwakukhona ekubizweni laba bantu, okuyinto eye yasinda kuze kube yilolu suku. It is wayevame ukuthi bezintaba - abantu abahlala ezintabeni. Ngokungangabazeki, lokhu kungesinye kweqiniso: impilo zikhetha izindawo ikakhulukazi okusezingeni eliphezulu entabeni.

Indawo yephrojekthi

Eminyakeni eyikhulu kamuva, eCaucasus uhlaliseke. Its ingxenye enyakatho-ntshonalanga inombolo Ukuhlala amakhulu wabantu. Bahlukene phakathi insimu yonke esifundeni olunothile: the coast Black Sea, elingenhla kanye interfluve emifula Belaya futhi Laba. Uma, ukwenza isibonelo, abakhethiwe tapantintsy Kuban emathafeni, le bezintaba Caucasian wahlala ezintabeni. Kwaphela isikhathi eside babengakwazi ukubhekana nezinto ezijwayelekile kuya ngokugcwele. Ukuze eCaucasus is shikashikana amandla. Ngezikhathi izindawo ezinophahla ubhubhane, isifo kudlangile. Omunye amaseshini kwaba izinkomo. Engafuni ukuba maphakathi sibhicongo, Highlanders lokuqala indiva ezimaphakathi, lapho ayengase athole ngaphansi izimpi onegazi abanqobi. Ngoba, uma kubhekwa isimo ukuziphatha kwabo, ukukhuluma kahle ukuthi bezintaba - kukhona izakhamuzi entabeni futhi foothill afanayo.

Izimpi phezu kwezwe

Kodwa ukusho ukuthi abazange bahlanganyele empini, akunakwenzeka. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke lwempi zabo - impi zaseCaucasia, basuka 1817 iminyaka engu-1864. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Highlanders wathatha yokhalo main, futhi lapho Russian is ziyasondela eCaucasus, waba ukumelana namandla. Kodwa uma amasosha Russian Ayekulungele futhi zayiswa kancane kodwa ngokucophelela, Highlanders, akuwona awakho elinesithunzi izinto zokuzivikela izikhali, ngokuvamile babekhetha ukuhlala emahlathini asezintabeni.

Nokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje impi eside bezintaba zonke ngolaka futhi ngenkuthalo ukuvikela izindawo zabo. Balenza-ke Battalion Russian ingaqiniseki, okuhleliwe ukuhlaselwa nokuvukela, yambamba oluqinisayo uMichael, futhi Lazarevskiy Nikolaev Fort, futhi kamuva wakha isitshalo esincane ukwenziwa izibhamu, izikhali, okuyinto nokho wasala ibe sezingeni leliphasi kunaleyo base anawo ibutho Russian ngesikhathi.

Ukuhlala freestyle

Esikhathini XIX leminyaka baqala labantu elatholakala okukhulu. ngenani idatha zaziwukulinganisela. Lezi zinkomo awazange ikhumbula, ukuhlangana imizamo enjalo kanzima kakhulu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi abazange like okuvuma kuwe ukuthi benze ngokwabo bangaphandle. Imibono lezi abantu becabanga ukuthi isono ukubuka futhi zokubala kabusha. Besaba ukuthi idatha uzothola emagunyeni ebusa, okungase ukwandisa umthwalo wentela, ukwethula izinsizwa saziso noma ukuthatha izinyathelo ukubhubhisa Highlanders. izinombolo zazo ziye alikaqinisekiswa ngokusemthethweni. Kodwa ngokucacile, ukuthi uye washintsha ngenxa iqhaza feuds futhi ilwisane ukuvikela insimu. Lezi zinkomo wabaleka omakhelwane yabo beyofuna impilo entsha; adjoined kwezinye izizwe, yebo, ngaphandle ukuqopha.

Zakudala Nezanamuhla

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka yesimanje, ethnographers ngizibuze: "Bobani Highlanders?" Ukuze sithungathe umlando waleli zentuthuko yawo kanye kumiswa, uma kuqhathaniswa isimo samanje, bamane waya ezindaweni ababehlala kuwo. Ngokwesibonelo, eduze kwedolobha Nalchik siphile amakoloni enkulu bezintaba abangamaJuda. Abavakashi banake ngokulandelana baqhubeka ikhaya wawo ongenakho okuningi. Inhlanzeko ihlukanisa kufanele ezizweni amaningi aseYurophu.

Ngokusebenzisa incazelo, ngaphezulu ngokuvamile, umuntu angase athi ngayo ukuthi bezintaba - abantu zasendle tribal ne zabo izimiso zokuphila. Avame ngokuthi "abantwana bakwa-indalo." Nokho, lokhu akusho kunganciphisa ubuntu babo, ingokomoya, futhi kwezinye izindawo ubhubhisa ngokuphelele ngemibono sekukhona Hermits. Lesi sizwe saziwa isimo sakhe bejabule. Basuke zihlukaniswa nokuzinikela ubuhlobo obunokuthula, Nokho, okuyinto, ngokuvamile ayenza izimpi. Lezi zinkomo nengxenye exchange-ngamamitha, Fairs, asempumalanga izinto, wasekela kunachestva isiko, kwakhiwa amasiko abo futhi kuyindlela yokuphila.

Fans of the izwi, abathandi ubuhle

Phakathi bezintaba babe izimbongi ezinhle. Abanaso uthanda ukuba baphonse amazwi emoyeni. Kodwa ikakhulukazi ukugxila ezungezile. Ngokuqinisekile le Highlanders iculo lokudumisa ukubonakala ezweni lakubo. Nature iye yaba nesandla konke okwenzeka ezimpilweni zabo. Esikhathini izingoma bezintaba ngokuvamile baphendukela amatshe, imifula, amahlathi, imigwaqo, bekholelwa ukuthi ungacela usizo ukuthola induduzo.