Njengoba liphindaphindeke Fern. Indlela asakaze Izinhlobo Vyatka amahlathi

Fern. Lesi simila amahemuhemu ethandwa kuchasiselwe omlingo. Kukholakala ukuthi kanye ngonyaka, ngobusuku Ivan Kupala, ungabona kanjani lesi sitshalo blooms. Hhayi-ke, uma ungathola bese ukhetha Fern imbali - ezokwenza baqonde ulimi izilwane nezinyoni, uyothola clairvoyance niyolazi lapho umcebo wangcwatshwa.

Ngeshwa, zom Fern kungenzeka kuphela tinganekwane inganekwane. Eqinisweni, Izinhlobo ukukhiqiza kabusha by ezinhlamvu futhi musa eziqhakaza naphakade. Ingabe izici zofuzo zethu, ososayensi bazokwazi ukuwela rose noma ezinye imbali ezinjengohlinzamfuku futhi alethe ezihlukahlukene entsha isitshalo, kakade abanalo ikhono eziqhakaza. Kulapho ncamashi wasigcwalisa isiprofetho - indoda bangaba ngempela ulimi olucacile izitshalo, futhi uzothola Ingcebo enkulu yamanani. Empeleni, kwakungeyona ukubheka futhi kudingeka. Igugu wangcwatshwa thina - kuba khona ulwazi nesifiso isintu siyazi imithetho yemvelo futhi ukuphila.

Fern - isitshalo endala kunawo wonke emhlabeni

Izinhlobo Emhlabeni owawukhona eminyakeni million 40 edlule. Yiqiniso, ekuqaleni bahlukile kakhulu kwemvelo esidlule kwamakhophi, manje ezimila iplanethi yethu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinhlobo basendulo osayizi omkhulu futhi ofana izihlahla okwengeziwe kuka izitshalo. Kodwa manje, uhlobo esilibiza ezinjengohlinzamfuku, ahlukahlukene ngakho, okubenza kuphela ukuma eshidini bese indlela zokukhiqiza. Namuhla, izazi zezitshalo zaqala ukusola, ososayensi babe engaphezu kuka-10 eziyinkulungwane zezitshalo ezingavamile.

Le ndawo ukwanda okukhulu Izinhlobo. Izinhlobo eziningi uncamela emahlatsini marshland. Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo atholakala ezintabeni, lapho izimpande zabo ukunamathela okwesikhathi crevice idwala. Kukhona Izinhlobo ezingaba ukusinda ezingwadule eyomile.

Kukhona futhi nalezo bakhule kwesokudla ezihlahleni. Phakathi nenkathi eside kangaka izitshalo sebejwayele ekuphileni izimo ezinzima kakhulu.

Injani kabusha izitshalo ngokwemvelo

Ukuze ufunde eveza indlela Fern, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele leaf yayo ngesibonakhulu.

Uma ubuka eduze, phansi ishidi ungabona uhlevane ahlelwe imigqa umbala omnyama. Ziyakwazi sacs elincane abavuthiwe ezinhlamvu. Nge ezinhlamvu futhi liphindaphindeke yalondolozwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo simila. Manje uyazi ukuthi Fern eveza. Bheka lesi sitshalo, ikhiqiza sifanamsindvo, ngokwemvelo akunakwenzeka - ke likhona kuphela Folk yezinganekwane.

Bracken Fern

Igama elithi "Bracken" kule zinhlobo Izinhlobo akuyona ngephutha - ke kufana kakhulu amaqabunga ngamaphiko elikhulu bokhozi. Bracken amahlamvu ongafinyelela afinyelela ku 1.5 m ububanzi 1 imitha ukuphakama. Lesi sitshalo has izinto zokwelapha kwezempilo - liqukethe catechins, flavonoid, phytosterols, carotene, riboflavin futhi niacin. Ngakho-ke, it is kabanzi ekuphekeni futhi imithi.

Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi liphindaphindeke Bracken Fern ikhule ekhaya? Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu vegetatively - ngokumba noma ngokuthenga isitshalo mncane eluka rhizomes. Ukuze ukufakelwa sisihle kakhulu kwentwasahlobo, kodwa kungathatha impande kanye Fern, utshalwe ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.

Futhi Izinhlobo Bracken ukukhiqiza kabusha by ezinhlamvu. nokuvuthwa yabo kwenzeka ekupheleni July ekuqaleni kuka-September. Ngalesi sikhathi ungazama ukuphikisa izitshalo omdala obtrusit, ngibasabalalisele endaweni eswakeme kusayithi lakho.

Bracken Fern linesizotha ekunakekelweni - akudingi efaka umquba, kulula ukubekezelela yesithwathwa kanye nokuntuleka umswakama.

Ukwazi indlela Bracken Fern eveza, ke zingatshalwa kalula uzungu lwakhe engadini. I plant zokuhlobisa kakhulu, linesizotha futhi unekhono ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi lokhu inqobile izinhliziyo balimi.

Indlela asakaze Izinhlobo Vyatka amahlathi

Vyatskie ihlathi. Nature lapha sasendulo ngakho futhi kancane ifundelwe, ukuthi, ngokwendlela bendawo, lapho itholakala "Bigfoot." Ikakhulukazi ezikhangayo ayitsintseki ukulima wezolimo ibhange kwesokunxele we Vyatka River, lapho yonke insimu kuhlala izimfunda kwimfunda kanye namahlathi. Ikhava utshani yalesi isiqephu sezwe a multi-tiered futhi ezihlukahlukene. Akuyona indawo yokugcina kungokwalabo futhi Izinhlobo.

Ngokuvamile ku Vyatka amahlathi kunezinhlobo ezinjalo Fern njengoba Dryopteris, athyrium futhi Pteridium aquilinum.

On izwe inhlabathi njalo olumanzi atholakala yonke Fern fir. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi Izinhlobo nokuzala Vyatka amahlathi: amahlamvu Fern obucayi anamekwe emahlathini sonwele futhi ikhule, futhi yayingawuthinti umhlaba. Lokhu kunjalo, ikakhulu umbukwane omkhulu ekwindla, lapho amaqabunga Fern ku isizinda nephuzi izihlahla fir akha ezihlotshisiwe lace nokwelukiweyo nemvelo.

Izindlela esiphelweni Izinhlobo

Ngu Izinhlobo akuzona kuphela Izinhlobo. Leli qembu izitshalo kuhlanganisa ngaphezulu Horsetail futhi lycopsids zilwane. Ngaphandle, zingabantu ngokuphongoza nomunye, kodwa wonke umuntu abe izitho vegetative: yokuphunyuka (amaqabunga neziqu) kanye impande. Ayavumelana iqiniso ukuthi ezinjengohlinzamfuku, horsetails futhi wona club nokuzala vegetatively, ezinhlamvu nendlela yobulili.

Uma yokuzala vegetative izindlela kanye ezinhlamvu ajwayelekile futhi kuyaqondakala, le ngokobulili indlela isitshalo esiphelweni akwaziwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Ukuthuthukiswa umjikelezo Izinhlobo zenzeka: kusukela ngokobulili isizukulwane asexual ekhula, nakho ophilisa isizukulwane ngokobulili.

isizukulwane Asexual isitshalo enamandla namahlamvu feathery yathuthukiswa, futhi ubulili - prothallia encane, ekhona kuphela isikhathi esifushane. Moss futhi horsetail esandisa efanayo Fern eveza: indlela asexual futhi angasho lutho.

Asexual Izinhlobo isizukulwane

Izinhlobo - izitshalo spore ephakeme ezikhulayo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni olumanzi ukubopha. Sinenkosi amaqabunga, sifanamsindvo kanye izimpande. Esikhathini neziqu ezinjengohlinzamfuku, horsetails futhi moss kuyinto ekhethekile Indwangu conductive, okusikhumbuza izitsha.

isizukulwane Asexual - Lapho sporophyte isitshalo esinezimila ukuthi izitho ekhethekile esisogwini amahlamvu (sporangium), akhiwa ezinhlamvu. Y no horsetail lycopodium ezinhlamvu liyakhula spikelets eyinqaba kwakhiwa eneminyaka amathiphu amahlumela, y Fern - e anezikhwama ngokufanele ohlangothini reverse of the ishidi.

isizukulwane ngokocansi Izinhlobo

Kwake kwathi ngo-izimo ezikahle, lezinhlamvu zikhule ukwakha zarostok - isitshalo esincane lapho isizukulwane ngokobulili, okubizwa ngokuthi gametophyte. Zarostok has amancane aluhlaza le kude ipuleti ifomu, ukufinyelela 1 cm ububanzi. Ezansi khona prothallia rhizoids, lapho isitshalo amancane igibele enhlabathini. Ngo prothallia kwakhiwa iduna nensikazi ubulili izitho (futhi archegonium antheridia) lapho amaqanda nesidoda achazwayo. Njengoba zarostok uvalwe agxishiwe emhlabathini, bese abanjwe ngaphansi amathonsi amazolo noma imvula. Ngenxa yalesi amanzi isidoda "bhukuda" amaqanda. Nge ekubumbaneni yabo kokukhulelwa senzeka, futhi kusukela zygote okuholela bese andise isitshalo entsha, okuyinto ngokushesha uzuza ukukhula, abe Fern enamandla.